接收机畸变对辐射源指纹识别的影响

在辐射源个体识别技术应用中，接收机指纹和发射机指纹相互影响相互耦合，造成辐射源指纹库依赖于特定接收机，无法在不同接收机之间通用。针对此问题，对典型超外差接收机的滤波器、放大器畸变分量对接收信号指纹的影响进行了理论分析与实验验证。理论分析证明发射机和接收机的滤波器、放大器分量对于接收信号整体的畸变影响是等价的；实验中，利用两台超外差接收机对5台发射机进行个体识别测试验证，更换接收机前后，滤波器、放大器特征识别正确率分别从100%、95.5%降到20%，证明了接收机畸变分量对发射机指纹识别具有严重影响。该研究成果可为后续辐射源个体识别接收机设计以及接收机畸变校正提供理论依据。     

一种敌我识别辐射源暂态信号指纹特征提取方法

信号的指纹特征是辐射源个体识别的重要依据。针对敌我识别辐射源的个体识别问题，提出了一种基于双树复小波和多重分形的信号暂态特征提取方法。该方法通过双树复小波变换实现信号多分辨率分解，求解分解信号Hilbert谱的信息熵和指数熵，计算信号的多重分形奇异指数和谱值，最终组成表征辐射源的特征向量。通过实验验证，提取的特征向量能充分代表辐射源个体之间的差异；被测信号的信噪比满足8 dB或9 dB的条件时，对辐射源的识别正确率能达到90%以上。统计分析表明该方法提取的特征具有很高的稳定性。     

一种稳健的通信辐射源个体识别方法

通信辐射源个体识别是目前通信对抗领域研究热点与难点问题,相对于雷达辐射源,通信辐射源信号弱、瞬时特征不明显导致个体识别更复杂、更困难。利用通信辐射源信号的长时谱统计特性,提取信号功率谱峰值特征和包络模板,构造通信辐射源个体特征向量,通过朴素贝叶斯分类算法与个体特征矢量相结合,在训练样本数目足够大的条件下可进行有效识别。测试实验表明,识别方法稳健有效,可在信噪比5 dB情况下实现93.7%的正确识别概率。     

网络化辐射源个体识别技术述评

在对辐射源个体识别技术向组网协同方向发展的趋势进行探讨的基础上,提出了基于跨手段异类传感器组网协同的辐射源个体识别技术架构,分析了需要研究的基于传感器能力特性的协同识别、多维度信号特征关联融合、基于元数据的智能数据处理等关键问题。     

基于对角切片特征提取和深度学习的辐射源识别

针对复杂电磁环境下辐射源识别率低的问题,提出基于对角切片特征和深度学习的辐射源识别算法。利用辐射源信号双谱的个体特性,提取信号双谱对角切片特征作为深度学习模型的输入数据,采用Softmax分类器进行辐射源识别。仿真实验利用两部同型辐射源进行测试,结果表明该算法能识别个体辐射源,在低信噪比条件下也能获得高的辐射源识别率;相比于其他识别算法,双谱对角切片特征有更鲁棒的分辨性。     

采用改进型AlexNet的辐射源目标个体识别方法

针对辐射源目标精确识别需求,结合以深度学习为代表的机器学习理论技术,提出将改进型AlexNet作为特征提取器,实现目标细微特征提取固化,形成智能化识别网络模型。以广播式自动相关监视（ADS-B）信号为实验对象,在机场实地采集了13个目标的ADS-B脉冲信号数据作为辐射源目标个体识别的训练和测试样本,利用AlexNet和改进的AlexNet验证了算法的有效性。结果表明,改进的AlexNet网络训练时间更快,综合识别率达到98.32%.     

基于幅度调制畸变Wiener模型的OOK辐射源指纹特征提取

通过分析生成On-Off Keying（OOK）信号的发射机系统的幅度调制畸变特性，阐明了OOK信号辐射源特征产生机理，建立了OOK辐射源的幅度调制畸变特性的Wiener模型，并根据信号模型应用差分进化算法完成OOK幅度畸变特性参数的估计，从而构建辐射源指纹特征完成对OOK信号辐射源的识别。仿真试验和实际数据测试表明，该算法具备OOK辐射源指纹特征提取和识别能力，对实测数据中4个OOK辐射源识别率为93%，优于基于暂态幅度特征的提取方法。     

雷达辐射源识别算法综述

结合雷达辐射源识别的军事需求和近几年取得的研究进展,以雷达辐射源识别中最核心的3个方面为研究对象,综述相关算法的研究现状与发展。针对低信噪比环境、分类器能力不足和单传感器识别的缺陷,从辐射源特征提取、分类识别和多源融合识别等方面详述了目前算法的研究思路和性能,引入当前热点模式识别算法并分析其可借鉴性。最后,指出了在辐射源识别研究领域中仍存在的问题,并展望了下一步的研究方向。     

基于瞬时频率畸变特性的FSK电台指纹特征提取

为解决FSK电台个体识别问题,需要从辐射源信号上提取特征构成辐射源指纹。通过 分析构成FSK电台的各个模块的畸变特性,阐明了FSK电台指纹产生机理,建立了基于瞬时频 率的指纹信号模型,并根据信号模型设计了基于辅助参数的最小二乘算法以完成FSK频率畸 变特性参数的估计,从而构建指纹特征完成对FSK电台的识别。对仿真信号和实际信号的识 别测试试验表明,该算法具备辐射源个体识别能力,对实际环境下的4个FSK电台的识别率大 于96%,优于双谱类方法。     

利用频移动态特征的辐射源目标盲分选

利用辐射源目标的频移动态特征进行盲分选时,针对已有的分选方法不能很好解决非合作接收数据非周期、间断、交叠的问题,提出了一种改进的逻辑回归分选算法,将信号分选转化为轨迹分类的问题来处理。首先,借鉴多目标航迹起始模型中的M/N逻辑法的框架,设计新的数据关联门限,以建立目标起始曲线;其次,采用最小二乘拟合方法替代卡尔曼滤波,设计新的外推规则,建立载频变化预测曲线;分析新的接收数据与预测曲线的关联性,不断迭代回归或形成新的分支,最后获得目标分选结果。仿真与实测试验表明,利用逻辑回归分选算法,对不同运动目标搭载的同频辐射源可进行自动分选,4个仿真目标与2个真实目标的分选正确率达到100%。同时,该方法拓展了辐射源目标盲分选中的动态频移特征应用,为辐射源个体识别提供了新的支持。     

一种航天器异常检测案例关联方法

针对航天器异常检测系统中故障案例作用发挥不明显的问题,基于异常检测规则知识和故障案例,设计了一种关键词提取模式和全新的关联引擎,在航天器异常检测结果和故障案例之间建立了一种快速的关联机制,充分发挥了航天器异常检测系统中关联案例在故障识别、故障定位方面的作用。应用实例表明,该方法具有关联故障案例全面、数据处理运行高效的特点。     

支持向量机在说话人识别系统中的应用

支撑向量机(Support Vector Macbinc,SVM)是一种新的统计学习方法,作为一种说话人识别的手段具有独特的优势.通过产生的支持向量来概括数据集合中的信息,其分类核函数仅依赖于一小部分训练样本,即支持向量,从而降低信息的采集量和识别时间.本文介绍了说话人识别的基本原理,特征提取、模型训练等方面,通过实验证明支撑向量机(SVM)在说话人识别系统应用中表现出的良好性能.     

机载信息融合的现状与发展

论述了机载信息融合的典型需求及其应用现状,从理论研究和工程应用两个方面综述 了信息融合的模型结构,并提出适合未来作战飞机的动态信息融合体系结构。系统地梳理了 时空预处理的相关概念,概括了空间配准算法的研究现状及优缺点,指出机载空间配准研究的 紧迫性。结合工程实践,指出目标相关、状态估计和目标识别等模块处理方式与策略的重要性 ,并在此基础上归纳总结了模块处理算法,对机载信息融合算法研究及工程实践有一定的指 导作用。     

Determinants of international retail operation mode choice: Towards a conceptual framework based on evidence from French specialised retail chains

Abstract

More and more retailers have expanded internationally. Because of its impact on the success of a retailer's international operations, a critical aspect of an internationalisation strategy consists of choosing the appropriate entry and expansion modes. The phenomenon remains misunderstood as little research in international retailing has focused on this question and findings from international management literature find limited application to services.

This paper draws upon a literature review and six case-studies from French specialised retailers to provide an exploratory framework for examining key determinants of operation mode choice. It is found that retailers consider four underlying dimensions of operation modes. These dimensions are affected by situational, individual and marketing factors whose explanatory impacts are moderated by the motives for internationalisation and relationship networks.     

雷达欺骗干扰特征提取与综合感知方法综述

雷达欺骗干扰的特征提取和综合感知是雷达抗干扰的前提条件，也是雷达抗欺骗干扰工作流程中的难点问题。从干扰机无意调制的细微特征、信号起伏特性、极化特征、动力学特性、微多普勒特征、组网雷达特性、多尺度分解特征、多域变换特性等方面综述了雷达欺骗干扰特征提取和综合感知方法的研究进展，总结了各种欺骗干扰感知方法的约束条件、运算量和识别性能，最后，指出了目前雷达欺骗干扰的特征提取和综合感知技术存在的问题以及未来的发展方向。     

OTDM实用化关键技术分析

本文介绍了光时分复用技术（OTDM）的特点和现状，并从OTDM超短脉冲源和帧时钟信号提取2个方面分析了OTDM技术走向实用化的2个关键技术。     

Post encroachment time threshold identification for right-turn related crashes at unsignalized intersections on intercity highways under mixed traffic

Abstract

Unsignalized intersections in developing countries experience many serious conflicts between cross-traffic due to indiscipline traffic manoeuvrability. Historically, Post Encroachment Time (PET) has gained attention as a proximal indicator to analyze crossing conflicts. However, identifying an appropriate PET threshold to classify critical conflicts for highly heterogeneous traffic scenario is still an unexplored area. Consequently, this study proposes a novel approach of PET threshold identification with proof of application by collecting data from ten intersections located on four-lane intercity highways in the National Capital Region (NCR), India. Both crossing conflicts and right-turn related crash data (for the left-hand drive) are collected. Their correlations are thoroughly studied for each PET threshold using a quantitative technique considering all and individual vehicle categories. Finally, a qualitative analysis is done by ranking the sites based on cumulative PET and related crashes to verify the proposed quantitative technique. A PET threshold of 1?s is obtained from both the techniques which can be used to identify critical conflicts for unsignalized intersections located on four-lane intercity highways. The proposed methodology will serve as an alternative, faster and effective tool to evaluate the hazardousness of unsignalized intersections located on intercity highways under highly heterogeneous traffic condition.     

Corporate Sustainability Performance Measurement Systems: A Review and Research Agenda

Corporate sustainability performance measurement systems (SPMS) have been the subject of a growing amount of research. However, there are many challenges and opportunities associated with the design, implementation, use, and evolution of these systems that have yet to be addressed. The purpose of this article is to identify future directions for research in the design, implementation, use, and evolution of corporate SPMS. A concise review of key literature published between 2000 and 2010 is presented. The literature review focuses on research conducted at the both the individual corporation- and sector-levels. The review of published literature provides a basis for the identification of a structured set of 65 key research questions to guide future work. The research questions will be of interest to both practitioners and researchers in corporate sustainability performance measurement.     

Compositional perceptual mapping using chi‐squared trees analysis and correspondence analysis

The construction of compositional perceptual maps is an important aspect of the management of brands. The use of correspondence analysis to construct such maps is not new, nor is the subsequent use of conventional hierarchical and non‐hierarchical cluster analysis to segment the brands. However, the application of chi‐squared trees analysis can be used to cluster both brands and attributes using the same principle of decomposing the χ² statistic of the matrix of frequency of responses as in correspondence analysis. Used in conjunction, these two techniques allow the construction of an enriched compositional perceptual map.