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为了能够通过高阶调制信号增加信道容量,提高编码增益和频谱效率,对8阶振幅移相键控(APSK)星座映射方案进行优化。基于欧氏距离设计准则提出一种新颖(2,6)-scheme 8APSK映射方案,并应用于联合准循环构造法构造的低密度奇偶校验(LDPC)(4 599,4 307)码的比特交织编码调制迭代译码(BICM-ID)系统中。信道容量仿真表明,所提方案在高、低信噪比区域都具有非常优越的互信息性能。误码率(BER)性能仿真表明,在BER为10-7时,联合LDPC(4 599,4 307)码的(2,6)-scheme 8APSK映射方案较(4,4)-scheme 8APSK映射方案、8PSK调制的格雷(Gray)映射、集分割(SP)映射、半集分割(SSP)映射分别提高了约0.45 dB、1.10 dB、1.62 dB、2.13 dB的编码增益。外附信息转移(EXIT)图仿真说明,所提方案能够更早地打开译码通道,从而更早地通过迭代来实现无错译码。 相似文献
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在中短码长低密度奇偶校验(LDPC)码编码的比特交织编码调制系统(BICM)中,由二分图短圈导致的置信传播(BP)解码器输出外附信息之间的相关性是降低迭代解调/解码性能的主要原因,因此有必要对解码器输出外附对数似然比(LLR)信息进行优化。针对该问题,提出了一种简单有效的LLR线性优化算法。该算法首先基于匹配LLR值应满足的连续性条件,并结合BP解码器输出外附LLR信息的统计特性,对解码器输出LLR信息的条件概率密度函数(PDF)的计算进行简化,推导出了乘性优化因子,据此对解码器输出外附信息进行线性优化。仿真结果表明,与未优化方案相比,对于(504,252) LDPC 码编码的BICM系统,所提优化算法可获得0.6~0.8 dB 的信噪比增益;和推广互信息(GMI)优化方法相比,两者的误码性能接近,所提算法仅差0.1 dB,且具有更小的运算复杂度。 相似文献
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在直升机卫星通信系统(HSCS)中,如何克服由于旋翼遮挡导致的系统性能恶化是一个亟需解决的关键问题。旋翼遮挡相当于对码字信息的成片删除,通过分析删余Turbo码中删余矩阵的设计准则,首先对Turbo码的编码结构进行改进,并提出了一种适用于直升机旋翼遮挡环境下的交织器。它满足以下特性:将删除均匀分散在整个码字序列中,变突发错误为随机错误;码字中每个信息位与其对应的2比特校验位中最多只删1位;与被删比特组相邻的两个比特组保留;删除部分中以信息位-校验位1-校验位2的模式循环,这些特性保证了删除信息的可靠恢复。最后对不同遮挡比例下新型交织器与传统交织器进行仿真比较,结果表明采用新型交织器改善了数据传输的误码率(BER)性能,提高了HSCS系统的可靠性。 相似文献
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本文介绍了离散多音频调制技术的基本原理和实现方法,详细了DMT调制技术中的比特分配,并给出计算机仿真实验结果。 相似文献
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为简化连续相位调制信号的相干解调,提出了一种四进制连续相位调制方法。在发送端,信号调制器根据发送的前后两组比特信息从一个预先设计的基带信号集合中选择对应的基带信号作为调制信号。该调制方法使信息码元由基带信号某一时刻的绝对相位值表示,当完成相位和载波同步后,在接收端其接收处理和传统QPSK信号一致,可以直接使用IQ路的采样值解调信息比特。仿真表明,调制信号的相干解调误比特性能与QPSK信号的相干解调相同。由于调制信号具有准恒包络和连续相位的特点,更适合应用于使用非线性功放的功率受限通信系统中。 相似文献
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针对卫星通信第二代卫星数字电视广播(Digital Video Broadcasting-Satellite 2,DVB-S2)系统中可变的编码调制方式和物理层帧长,以及接收机需要工作在低至-2 dB的信噪比条件的要求,提出了一种基于DVB-S2帧头结构的最优相关间隔相关检测和双阈值峰值检测帧同步方法,并采用状态机控制PLS(Physical Layer Signaling)码解码,通过解出帧头信息快速跟踪下一帧头位置。仿真结果表明,该方法性能明显优于传统的SOF+PLSC(Start of Frame and Physical Layer Signaling Code)算法,并且能够适用于低信噪比条件和可变的编码调制方式。 相似文献
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Estimating the Benefits of Individual Retirement Accounts: A Comparison to Capital Gains Investments
MICHAEL L. WALDEN 《The Journal of consumer affairs》1984,18(2):296-303
This paper compares the benefits of investing funds in an IRA account to the benefits of investing funds in a long-term capital gains investment. The comparison is motivated because IRA funds, although they can be placed in a long-term capital gains account, are ultimately taxed at ordinary income tax rates. IRA funds cannot receive the favorable long-term capital gains tax treatment. Following previous work by Collins, gain factors are computed for IRA accounts vs. long-term capital gains accounts. In most cases the gain factors are larger than one, although much smaller than when the alternative investment is a typical savings account. Gains factors are, however, universally less than one for premature withdrawal of the IRA. 相似文献
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Tahira K. Hira Whitney L. Rock Caezilia Loibl 《International Journal of Consumer Studies》2009,33(3):293-301
This paper presents the results of an investigation into the determinants of retirement planning behaviour and differences among three age groups: 21‐ to 39‐year‐olds, 40‐ to 59‐year‐olds and those aged 60 years and older. A national survey of 911 individuals from households with incomes of $75 000 or greater was conducted in the US. The significance of socio‐demographic variables, the ability to recover from loss, behavioural tendencies and perceived or actual personal control were investigated; together with their role in the prediction of maximization of retirement contributions and ownership in the personal individual retirement account (IRA) or Keogh accounts. The results identified several significant variables in the prediction of ownership in a personal IRA or Keogh, including age, sources of financial information, being an early investor and investor activity. The results also identified several significant variables in the prediction of the maximization of retirement contributions, including employment, income, savings activity, ex ante research, review of investment performance, early investor, investor activity, such as planning for financial future, setting up automatic deposits and reviewing financial information in the mail. 相似文献
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基于椭圆球面波信号的连续相位调制(Continuous Phase Modulation Based on Prolate Spheroidal Wave Function,CPM-PSWF)方法是一种新颖的数字调制方式,调制参数的优化与其调制信号性能有着直接联系。分析不同调制参数对CPM-PSWF信号性能的影响,优化选择调制参数,对获得能量聚集性和功率效率都较高的CPM信号具有重要意义。首先,对基于椭圆球面波信号的CPM信号进行描述;其次,采用韦尔奇(Welch)谱密度估计法,对时间带宽积、调制指数、关联长度等不同参数对CPM-PSWF调制信号的功率谱密度和带宽特性的影响进行了仿真分析。实验结果表明,选用0阶椭圆球面波信号,小时间带宽积、调制指数和符号进制数越小,关联长度越大时,CPM-PSWF信号具有频谱带外高频滚降快、占用带宽小的特点。 相似文献
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The effect of expertise on consumers' satisfaction with the use of interactive recommendation agents
Based on cost‐benefit theory and the value‐percept diversity model, this study investigates the underlying mechanism that makes consumers feel satisfied with the use of interactive recommendation agents (IRAs). The format of IRAs was manipulated experimentally (attribute‐based format/benefit‐based format/no agent) and participants were classified as either expert or novice consumers. The dependent measures were the perceived costs and benefits of the information search process, the perceived costs and benefits of the decision‐making process, and the degree of satisfaction with the outcome. The results explain the mechanisms underlying consumers' satisfaction when using an IRA. The findings also suggest the presence of an interaction between the expertise of consumers and the preferred type of IRA on various dependent variables. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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将脉冲超宽带(IR-UWB)信号应用于航天测控领域,能够有效提高当前航天测控系统的隐蔽性、抗干扰性和测量性能,具有重要的现实意义。将DS-PAM(Direct Spread-Pulse Amplitude Modulation)调制、TH-PPM(Time Hopping-Pulse Position Modulation)调制的信号和PSM(Pulse Shape Modulation)调制技术组合起来,可构成一种新的组合调制的脉冲超宽带信号,即DS-PAM-TH-PPM-PSM-UWB(Direct Spread-Pulse Amplitude Modulation-Time Hopping-Pulse Position Modulation- Pulse Shape Modulation-Ultra Wideband)信号。利用对数正态阴影模型分析其传输性能,在单频干扰信号条件下分析其抗干扰性能,利用模糊函数分析其测量性能。仿真结果表明,相比于传统的DS-PAM-UWB信号和TH-PPM-UWB信号,该组合信号具有良好的传输性能、抗干扰性能和测量性能,为脉冲超宽带信号应用于航天测控领域提供了更多的选择。 相似文献
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64DAPSK-OFDM与64QAM-OFDM系统性能比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
中国新的外资银行市场准入标准是否符合中国入世承诺是当前国外金融界、政府和学者普遍关注的重大法律问题。本文以WTO"审慎性措施"为视角对此进行比较研究,提出审慎性措施的判断标准;并以此对新外资银行市场准入标准进行分类;对于一些与WTO规则不符的标准,视不同情况选择不同的解决方案;解决方案设计以维护国家金融安全为根本出发点。 相似文献
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LoRa是目前工业界大力推广的一种低功耗广域网技术(LPWAN)技术,但其中的核心调制技术专利由美国Semtech公司拥有,其技术细节没有被公开。基于此,针对LoRa的调制解调技术原理进行详细的数学描述,并给出了具体的调制解调算法。同时,对LoRa调制的性能进行了高斯白噪声信道及多径衰落信道下的仿真比较,仿真结果验证了LoRa调制技术在低速远距离通信场景中的优越性。 相似文献
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本文基于泛函分析中内积空间理论建立了信号空间,将时频信号表示成相互正交的矢量,然后对时频组合调制系统进行了性能分析。给出了在AWGN信道匹配子空间解调器的条件下,对四时四频系统进行性能分析的过程,分析的结果得到了计算机模拟试验的验证。文中最后也推广给出M进制n时n频时频组合调制的误码率公式。 相似文献