华为公司基于SDH的MSTP在传输管网中的实现

基于SDH的MSTP多业务传输平台,同时实现TDM、ATM、IP等业务接入、处理和传送,提供统一网管的多业务传送平台。可有效支持数据、语音和图像业务交换。伴随着电信网络的发展,MSTP的技术也在不断进步,主要体现在对以太网业务的处理上。华为公司开发的基于SDH的MSTP多业务传输平台,同时实现TDM、ATM、IP等业务接入、处理和传送,提供统一网管的多业务传送平台,有效地支持数据、语音和图像业务交换。     

一种基于CoMP的随机接入方案

提出了一种新的基于协作多点传输和接收（CoMP）技术的多发随机接入流程,并根据 随机接入的目的和业务类型设计了接入优先级,在此基础上设计了一种新的随机接入方案, 对 不同类型的随机接入请求提供不同的接入机制,以保证边缘用户的接入性能和满足不同业务 的QoS需求。仿真结果表明,与LTE标准随机接入方案相比,该方案对系统整体接入性能略有 提高,且大大提高了边缘高优先级用户的接入性能。     

行星表面有人探索高速无线网络体系架构及关键技术

针对行星表面有人探索任务对高速无线通信的需求，提出了一种基于异构组网思想的网络体系架构，并对关键技术进行了分析和设计。该架构采用“三网两体制”的设计思路，将整个网络分为高速传输网、多媒体接入网、覆盖扩展网三个组成部分，三层网络分别完成高速骨干传输、多节点多业务接入、覆盖范围灵活改变的功能。根据三个网络不同的节点处理能力和传输需要，设计了高速传输体制、灵活接入体制两种传输体制，及基于无线多跳的覆盖扩展技术、多子网通信切换技术、多体制融合技术等关键技术。该网络架构具有裁剪灵活、协议开销小、支持业务类型多等特点。     

MSAP在通信公司中的应用

大客户是运营商的重点收入来源,大客户的竞争已成为多家运营商竞争的焦点。大客户专线业务作为稳固型的高价值业务,能给运营商带来良好的收益。从业务的发展趋势来看,由于当前专线业务在各运营商之间的竞争日益激烈,使得专线的出租价格也越打越低,但最终用户对运营商的服务质量要求却越来越高,因此,对于大客户专线业务,必将从早期单纯提供物理通道,向提供全方位的业务和服务演进。MSAP（Multi-Service Access Platform）是一种基于SDH的多业务接入平台,是完成最后下户的传输系统。可直接提供SDH上联接口接入传输网络,同时在一个平台上支持多种不同类型的远端接入设备,并实现传统方案中无法实现的全程网管及业务保护。中国联通的实践充分说明了MSAP在扩展接入层网络容量、提升专线业务安全性和保障大客户SLA等方面的价值,大力采用MSAP构建大客户精品接入网。     

应用于航空Ad Hoc网络的高负载优先级均衡MAC协议

针对航空Ad Hoc网络在高负载下的低时延信道接入问题,提出一种优先级与公平性协作的多信道MAC协议(PBLL/HL)。在多信道检测统计基础上加以改进,结合优先级机制,在高负载网络中适时截流低优先级业务,优化网络流量,保证高优先级业务低时延发送;设计公平性优先级阈值与冲突退避窗口算法(PCA),减小低优先级业务接入时延。仿真结果表明,PBLL/HL能够在高负载网络有效控制信道接入,维持良好的网络流量,降低网络平均接入时延（低优先级业务时延过载时降低10%以上）,稳定高负载网络吞吐量（最大吞吐量88.1%,过载时吞吐量下滑平缓）,解决了航空数据链高业务量带来的高时延和网络拥塞。     

基于WEB的TMN管理业务接入模型

提出了在ＴＭＮ（ＴｅｌｅｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓＭａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔＮｅｔｗｏｒｋ）体系结构中管理业务接入存在的问题,为实现管理业务接入的灵活性、接入设备平台无关性、接入软件的易维护性,首先引入基于ＪＡＶＡ的管理业务接入模型,然后对其进行改进并提出了基于ＣＯＲＢＡ／ＪＡＶＡ的管理业务接入模型,并完成了相关的实现和验证工作。     

一种新型的FTTH用户终端的研制与开发

介绍了FTTH的基本概念和其语音业务几种常见的解决方案。针对融合业务解决方案的需求，提出一种支持双模语音接入的用户终端的实现方案．阐述了支持双模语音业务接入的ONU的硬件和软件实现方法，讨论了这种ONU研制开发中需要解决的问题，描述了ONU的市场状况和发展前景。     

浅谈PON＋EOC技术在农居驻地网中的应用

在通信工程网络建设中，光纤到户（FTTH）是每个运营商追求的目标，但往往受到建设成本和施工难度的制约，特别是施工难度，往往制约着网络的建设，若能结合现有有线电视网络，采用PON＋EOC方案可以解决那些最后一公里的难以接入的问题，特别是对后期难以进入农居宽带建设的运营商来说，多了一种可选择的建设模式，更重要的是抢占了客户资源，为今后其他业务发展，如三网融合业务、高清电视、家庭安防、5D游戏、物联网等各类新型业务的发展提供了重要的客户资源保障。本文将简要介绍PON和EOC的技术特点，并通过实例分析探讨PON＋EOC技术在驻地网中的接入应用。     

利用“MSAP＋VPLS”技术实现营业厅综合网络接入

目前移动营业厅的综合网络承载着OA、计费、视频监控等业务数据。随着营业厅接入点数量增加和业务所需传输带宽日益提高,原有接入网络已经运行多年,接入带宽较低,接入能力趋于饱和,接入业务也不能扩展,严重影响了营业厅综合网络系统的安全运行和移动渠道建设的发展。技术人员通过对营业厅业务特点进行分析,组织相关的专业人员共同研究,结合本地的传输网络特点及接入能力,经过深入研究和方案比对,选定了利用＂MSAP＋VPLS＂技术实现营业厅综合网络的接入方案。     

企业语音专线业务安全接入控制机制分析——基于CM-IMS

CM-IMS是一种叠加在现有网络上的基于IP承载实现多媒体业务的网络结构,是应对全业务运营竞争的重要技术。面向企业的语音业务可以迁移至CM-IMS承载,首要解决业务接入控制问题。介绍了CM-IMS网络体系及SIP协议的基本理论,对传统企业语音专线的业务接入现状进行描述,分析基于CM-IMS组网的业务接入控制需求,重点针对CM-IMS提供的多种鉴权机制进行分析,以及对数据分组网承载IMS业务的效果分析,提出3个适合企业语音业务接入的控制策略,通过应用实例证明策略实施的可行性。     

What Drives India's Surge in Service Exports?

India's prowess in the service sector has been recognised the world over. Sustaining services exports is important not only to sustain India's high growth rate but also to compensate for a consistent deficit in merchandise trade and to maintain stability on the external sector. In this context, we analyse the factors of India's performance in services exports over the past three decades. The results reveal that endowment factors such as human capital, improvement in physical infrastructure and financial development are key drivers for India's surge in services exports along with world demand, exchange rate and manufacturing exports. While factors such as institutions, R&D expenditure, telecommunication, foreign direct investment and financial development significantly impact the export of modern services, traditional services exports are more dependent on infrastructure development, manufacturing exports, world demand and exchange rate. India's economic reforms in the financial sector, FDI, communication so far have helped the services exports, but India needs to focus on supply‐side factors to improve the competitiveness – and thereby volume – of services exports.     

Boundary Spanners' Satisfaction with Organizational Support Services

SUMMARY

Internal services (i.e., support services) are an important form of organizational support for external boundary spanners (e.g., salespeople, customer service representatives). Internal services such as information systems, market research, training, accounting, and facilities support are intended to allow boundary spanners to better serve the firm's customer. Little research, however, has addressed factors that influence a boundary spanner's satisfaction with such services. The research presented here offers insight into how internal communication by both managers and service providers impacts a boundary spanner's satisfaction with support services. Results indicate that service provider and manager communications are largely complementary and that satisfaction with service outcomes, rather than service quality, appears to have an enduring impact upon a boundary spanner's overall job satisfaction. Implications for future research are addressed.     

An Examination of Participation in Homebuyer Education and Counseling Services

Homebuyer education and counseling aims to help potential homebuyers understand benefits and risks of homeownership, choose a home and an appropriate mortgage, and build the financial know‐how needed for sustainable homeownership and financial health. U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD's) First‐Time Homebuyer Education and Counseling Demonstration found that women and individuals with greater education were generally more likely to participate in services. Enrollees referred to in‐person services are more likely to participate if they are early in the homebuying process or if they planned to purchase a home without a coborrower. They may perceive benefits of services to outweigh the costs of scheduling, traveling to, and attending in‐person services. Enrollees offered remote services (phone, online) are more likely to participate if they are “better off,” having higher mortgage literacy and credit scores. Results may inform agencies' messaging, outreach, and approach to providing services and meeting consumers' needs, federal policy, and interpretation of future impact estimates.     

Understanding the performance of software-as-a-service based on service-dominant logic

How to improve performance of software-as-a-service remains a problem. Drawing from the service-dominant logic, the relational view, and the social exchange theory, we develop a model to delineate the relationships between performance, relationship-specific services, and internal services. The premise of this model is that the service provider's internal services play a key role in motivating the client to collaborate with the vendor. This helps the provider offer relationship-specific services, characterized as knowledge-based and process-based services and the provider's performance relies on these services. Results of empirical testing using responses from 102 firms support the proposed hypotheses. Our findings provide a number of useful implications for research and managers.     

International Marketing of Services

This article is based on a chapter of a forthcoming book on ‘The Marketing of Services' to be published by Heinemann, Spring 1984. It examines the contribution to the UK's Balance of Payments made by ‘invisible exports', including services, and highlights the advantages and disadvantages that arise when marketing services, as opposed to products, overseas.     

Beyond the Economic? Cultural Dimensions of Services. The RESER Survey of Service Research Literature in Europe 2000

In 2000, RESER, the European network for research on services and space, focused its annual service research literature survey on questions of 'culture and services'. This synthesis sums up the major findings from reports on recent publications in seven European countries. The underlying contributions were as diverse as the subcategories of the topic, since 'culture' is, of course, an enormously vast concept. Important aspects treated in the progress report are 'culture as a service' and 'cultural services' (growth, economic importance and impacts) as well as the 'culture of services'. In addition, there is the 'cultural turn' in social, economic and geographical research, which offers new interpretations to socio-economic processes, including services.     

Assessing Perceived Quality in Industrial Service Settings:

The development and application of a 22-item perceived service quality measure for the flight attendant segment of airline catering services is described. This ''performance-only'' scale emerges as a unidimensional measure with better psychometric properties than an alternative formulation based on ''performance x importance'' scores. Results of hypotheses tests provide evidence supporting the proposition that service performance exerts a significant influence on behavioral intentions via the mediating role of overall service quality perceptions. In addition, the study provides insights of a practical nature within an ongoing quality improvement environment. In particular, the measure provides actionable information for decision makers. Implications of the findings for researchers and industrial services marketers are discussed.     

Shopping online for goods vs. services: where do experiential features help more?

This study investigates how the type of offer sold online (goods vs. services) moderates the relationships between perceived experiential values and customers' attitudes towards the website. A sample of 107 e‐shoppers of services and 110 e‐shoppers of physical goods responded to a survey on their most recent e‐shopping experiences. Results support the majority of hypotheses. It was found that although offering experiential values on the site improves customers' attitudes for both physical goods and services websites, the impact is much stronger in the case of services. Theoretical and managerial contributions are discussed.     

Trade-Offs Between Purchased Services and Time in Single-Parent and Two-Parent Families

This research examines the influence of marital status on the demand for services using a model in which the demand for market services and mothers' time spent in related household activities are jointly determined. Three specific areas of market services are investigated: meals prepared away from home, child care, and housekeeping. In multivariate systems analyses in which mothers' household work time and purchased services were simultaneously determined, families headed by single mothers were found to (a) purchase more meals prepared away from home and (b) be more likely to purchase child care and housekeeping services than their two-parent counterparts holding income and other factors constant.     

Understanding consumers’ decisions to adopt technology-enabled transformative services

This study extends understanding of consumers' decisions to adopt transformative services delivered via technology. It incorporates competitive effects into the model of goal-directed behavior which, in keeping with the majority of consumer decision making models, neglects to explicitly account for competition. A goal-level operationalization of competition, incorporating both direct and indirect competition, is proposed. A national web-based survey collected data from 431 respondents about their decisions to adopt mental health services delivered via mobile phone. The findings show that the extent to which consumers perceived using these transformative services to be more instrumental to achieving their goals than competition had the greatest impact on their adoption decisions. This finding builds on the limited empirical evidence for the inclusion of competitive effects to more fully explain consumers' decisions to adopt technology-based and other services. It also provides support for a broader operationalization of competition with respect to consumers' personal goals.