建筑电气节能与设计的分析

我国民用建筑用户当前对于电气的使用需求不断增加，这就为电气设计人员提出了开展高质量设计以及节能设计工作的要求，设计人员要想达到对于新时期设计工作趋势的全面应对，就必须着重根据各项设计规范对民用建筑进行优化的以及节能的电气设计，全面满足国家及人民对于电气设计工作的新要求。     

提升游戏用户体验设计效果的深入探讨

本文从用户体验角度出发，在介绍玩家需求与类型的关系、趣味元素、玩家需求与类型三者之间的关系基础上，阐述了提升用户体验设计效果的切入点和探讨如何发挥注意在用户体验设计中的作用，最后总结了用户体验设计在游戏中的应用。     

高清数字机顶盒设备图形用户界面软件系统研究

图形用户界面软件系统是机顶盒的一个重要组成部分，它建立了用户和机顶盒之间的人机交互桥梁。本文通过介绍机顶盒软件系统架构，主要对图形用户界面各子系统的设计进行探讨，包括对象子系统、图形子系统和事件子系统三个部分，供此类设计工作参考。     

一种智能伸缩挡板的设计

针对高楼用户向外晾晒衣物问题设计了一种智能伸缩挡板。本文介绍了智能伸缩挡板的工作原理，主要解决了楼层住户晾晒衣物被雨淋到或者被上楼层用户的湿衣滴到问题。装置的关键是通过湿敏传感器感应到足够的湿度，单片机采集到信号，通过电路控制和传动机构实现伸出挡板的动作。     

设计一个基于Web的网络教学平台

基于Web的网络教学平台是开展网络化学习的基础环境，它为教师、学生和教学管理人员提供一个学习和工作的网络环境。本文全面介绍了平台的设计原则、用户分类和系统功能，并着重介绍系统结构。     

工作情境下移动设备的用户体验设计——以效率行业为例的应用

移动设备越来越多的出现在人们的生活当中，同时越来越多的应用程序都已开发了手机或平板电脑版本。现阶段已有很多关于移动设备上的用户体验设计的相关研究，但大部分的研究都是在常规条件下进行的，对于在工作情境下人们如何更好的使用移动设备的研究，目前还很少。本文首先对于目前可以提高工作效率的技术支持程度做了相应综述，而后又总结了目前关于移动设备界面设计方面，从操作习惯、色彩、认知、风格、用户分析、样式、目标导向、符号学等角度所做过的研究，并对在工作情境下的用户使用移动设备的需求做以假设，而后提供相应的解决方法建议，目的在于使移动设备能够更灵活、更好的服务于用户。     

推送平台：大数据时代中Android系统的冲锋舟

伴随着大数据时代来临，移动互联网用户如何受益于大数据。推送平台建立了数据与用户之间的连接，将经过大数据的优质数据及时传递给潜在受益用户。本文简述了大数据对移动互联网和用户的影响，分析了推送平台的设计原理，并浅析了推送平台在移动互联网中的应用场景。     

螺旋体式辊锤粉碎机

螺旋体式辊锤粉碎机的设计构思是充分地运用了破碎理论，运动学和动力学理论，将各种类型破碎机之破碎矿物的形式巧妙地接台为一机来粉碎矿物。因此本机具有结构科学合理新颖独特体积小易维修，高效节能在负压下工作不扬尘、易损件寿命长且工作可靠等多种优点。是用户最为理想的     

耕种机辆设计中的用户知识研究

针对农业的大规模发展，现代化农业机械受到追捧，本文重点讨论在耕种机辆设计知识中的用户知识。通过访谈法、观察法、口语分析法来观察用户在操作使用中用户的需求，以及哪些操作会出错、所用时间等并对其进行归纳和总结。研究用户过去的相关知识经验能否有助于直接操作机辆，以及机辆的操作界面设计能否有助用户将过去的经验转化成新的操作使用知识。通过这两方面来有效的理解并获取用户知识，从而为今后改进操作界面设计提供相关的数据支持。     

浅析游戏设计中的用户体验

本文根据Jesse James Garreft所谈的web设计的用户体验观点并结合游戏用户体验的需求来进行的游戏用户体验设计的初步探讨，试图从中探寻游戏设计的用户体验之策略。     

Context-Sensitive Access Control Model for Government Services

During the past two decades, e-government information systems have become less paper-based and more computer-based. Those information systems usually take the form of workflow systems. Due to the large social impact of e-government systems, computer security plays a pivotal role in ensuring its efficiency and effectiveness. Access control is one of the key aspects of computer security. Current access control models do not take into account the context of the system and its environment. In this article, we argue that a formal context-sensitive access control model can improve the development of e-government workflow systems and present a particular context-sensitive access control model. The subject of the article is a specification of the context-sensitive access control model for business processes (COBAC). By using a context-sensitive access control, it is possible to define more sophisticated access control policies that cannot be implemented by existing access control models. The COBAC's context is modeled using Web Ontology Language (OWL) in order to provide formal representation of context, rich representation of diverse contextual information, semantic interoperability between various context-aware systems, and a high degree of inference making. The presented model is applicable in different e-government systems, and supports the definition of access control policies for both simple and complex business processes. The model's prototype is verified by a case study on a real e-government business process—the national petty offense trial proceedings.     

High School Economic Education and Access to Financial Services

This study provides a long-term assessment of economic education by examining an individual's decision to have a bank account. Using the results of a nationwide telephone survey, high school courses in economics and business reduced the probability that an adult was unbanked, ceteris paribus. In addition, adults who demonstrated a higher level of understanding of basic economic concepts were less likely to be unbanked. The results indicated that an individual's understanding of the economic system was as important as formal coursework in explaining access to basic financial services.     

European Union Market Access Conditions and Africa's Extensive Margin of Food Trade

This paper examines the impact of two European Union (EU) market access regulations in the food sector presumed to simultaneously affect firms’ decisions to export food products to the EU. We analysed EU pesticide standards on African exports alongside a complementary non‐tariff measure in the form of a minimum entry price regulation, which aims to protect EU growers of certain fruits and vegetables against international competition. Analysis was based on Africa's exports of tomatoes, oranges, and lime and lemon to the EU between 2008 and 2013, using the gravity model of trade. Our results show that EU market access conditions constitute significant barrier to the formation of new trade relation between the EU and Africa. In addition, initiation of trade relationships is contingent not only on market access conditions but also on domestic market constraints in Africa. These results imply that negotiating preferential entry prices duties and the removal of domestic market restraints as well as strengthening domestic capacity to comply with EU standards to enhance continuous market access for the continent could stimulate food trade along the extensive margin.     

Collaborate at Home to Win Abroad: How Does Access to Local Network Resources Influence Export Behavior?

By drawing on the resource‐based view and on elements from social network theory, we use a sample of southern Brazilian small and medium‐sized furniture manufacturers to find evidence for the hypothesis that access to local network resources, facilitated by a firm's membership in an industry association, strongly predicts the propensity to export. Likewise, we find that a firm's local collaborative intensity is positively related to its export intensity and that both relations are moderated by the firm's distance from the local network's center. This study contributes to the literature on how local collaboration may facilitate overcoming export barriers.     

Retailer Supply Chain and Market Access: Evidence From French Agri‐food Firms Certified with Private Standards

This paper explores an original data set identifying French agri‐food firms certified with two European private standards: the International Food Standard and/or the British Retail Consortium standard (BRC). Certified firms complying with such requirements are able to supply some European retailers with products sold under their retailers' own private label. Our analysis revealed that certified firms were among the biggest and most productive firms in the sample. Then, based on recent developments in international economics, we propose a modification of Chaney's model and estimations to test for the hypothesis that entering retailer networks reduces export costs faced by certified firms to access European union (EU) markets. After controlling for size and productivity effects, model estimations show that French firms who adopt BRC and enter the corresponding network benefit from better access through a significant decrease in their entry costs to certain EU markets.     

中国市场准入制度的现状及完善

市场准入从经济学角度说,是指主体和交易对象被政府准许进入市场的程度和范围;从法律角度说,是“市场准入制度”的简称,它是指国家规制市场主体和交易对象进入市场的有关法律规范的总称。中国市场准入制度是伴随改革开发逐渐发展的,现行市场准入制度由于主、客观上的原因,存在许多问题,因此我国应借鉴发达国家的经验,参照WTO的要求,对我国市场准入制度进行改革。     

基于V5的用户接入系统ISDN接入模块的设计与实现

介绍Ｖ５接入网用户接入系统的ＩＳＤＮ接入模块硬件和软件设计方案。这个方案具有系统配置灵活的特点。另外，此方案主要采用西门子公司的芯片组。     

Corporate Responsibilities for Access to Medicines

Today there is a growing wave of demands being placed upon the pharmaceutical industry to contribute to improved access to medicines for poor patients in the developing countries.¹ This article aims to contribute to the development of a systematic approach and broad consensus about shared benchmarks for good corporate practices in this area. A consensus corridor on what constitutes an appropriate portfolio of␣corporate responsibilities for access to medicines – especially under conditions of ‘failing states’ and ‘market failure’² – is not only in the interest of the world’s poor, but also of corporations that want to contribute to the solution of one of the most significant social problems of our time.     

A Conditional Role-Involved Purpose-Based Access Control Model

This paper presents a conditional role-involved purpose-based access control (CPAC) model, where users dynamically activate conditional roles in accordance with the context attributes. Based on conditional role, access permissions are assigned that represent what can be accessed for what purpose to roles under certain conditions. On the other hand, conditional purpose is applied along with allowed purpose and prohibited purpose in the model. It allows users using some data for certain purpose with conditions (for instance, Tony agrees that his income information can be used for marketing purposes by removing his name). The structure of a CPAC model is defined and investigated. Access purpose is verified in a dynamic behavior, based on user attributes, context attributes, and authorization policies. Intended purposes are dynamically associated with the requested data object during the access decision. An algorithm is developed to achieve the compliance computation between access purposes and intended purposes and is illustrated with role-based access control (RBAC). Access purpose authorization and authentication in the model are studied with the hierarchical purpose structure. The model separates authorization of access purpose from access decision that improves the flexibility of private data control.     

基于CATV网的宽带用户接入网

本文介绍了用户接入网这一当前通信热点的现状及其发展趋势，并进一步就当前用户网接和方式的发展主流－光纤／同轴混合方式（ＨＦＣ）作了详细的探讨。最后还对发展我国用户接入网提出一些看法．