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1.
John B. Davis 《Forum for Social Economics》2009,38(1):79-89
This paper examines the relationship between the individual conception in economics and the justification of economic rights as human rights. It briefly describes the nature of economic rights, and argues that the Homo economicus conception constitutes a barrier to justifying them. The paper then offers an alternative conception of the individual as socially embedded, and argues that it offers an adequate basis for the justification of economic rights. On this alternative conception individuals are enduring beings who have personal identities. 相似文献
2.
Carmine Gorga 《Forum for Social Economics》2009,38(1):53-69
With the help of planes and solids, this paper presents an enlargement of the field of observation of economic theory. Through
this transformation, the distribution of ownership rights to money and wealth assumes a central position in economic analysis.
Thus social relevance is returned to economics. The validity of this operation is confirmed by the return of the millenarian
field of economic justice to its traditional function as guidance to economic policy. The paper then presents four sets of
economic rights and responsibilities that offer the potential of translating principles of economic justice into the complexities
of the modern world.
Carmine Gorga is a former Fulbright scholar and the recipient of a Council of Europe Scholarship for his dissertation on “The Political Thought of Louis D. Brandeis.” Dr. Gorga has transformed the linear world of economic theory into a relational discipline in which everything is related to everything else—internally as well as externally. He was assisted in this endeavor by many people, notably for 27 years by Professor Franco Modigliani, a Nobel laureate in economics from MIT. The resulting work, The Economic Process: An Instantaneous Non-Newtonian Picture, was published in 2002. During the last few years, Mr. Gorga has concentrated his attention on the requirements for the unification of economic theory and policy. For details, see . 相似文献
Carmine GorgaEmail: |
Carmine Gorga is a former Fulbright scholar and the recipient of a Council of Europe Scholarship for his dissertation on “The Political Thought of Louis D. Brandeis.” Dr. Gorga has transformed the linear world of economic theory into a relational discipline in which everything is related to everything else—internally as well as externally. He was assisted in this endeavor by many people, notably for 27 years by Professor Franco Modigliani, a Nobel laureate in economics from MIT. The resulting work, The Economic Process: An Instantaneous Non-Newtonian Picture, was published in 2002. During the last few years, Mr. Gorga has concentrated his attention on the requirements for the unification of economic theory and policy. For details, see . 相似文献
3.
论"人力资本产权"分歧的化解及其与智力资本的关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
人力资本、智力资本理论,本质上是“虚拟资本”问题,是对这些过去被看作是费用或成本的东西进行“资本化定价”。我国经济学界“人力资本产权”问题的分歧,关键在于没有从虚拟资本这个角度来思考“人力资本”这类问题。特别是由于在研究企业产权理论时,没有引进另一类虚拟资本——“智力资本”的概念。 相似文献
4.
乡镇企业和国有企业经济效率差异的人力资本产权分析 总被引:30,自引:1,他引:30
对乡镇企业和国有企业的实证比较分析表明 ,同属于公有制的国有企业和乡镇企业以及不同类型的乡镇企业之间之所以出现较大的经济效率差异 ,原因不在于物质资本产权的性质 ,而在于人力资本产权界定上的差异 ,尤其是经营者人力资本产权界定是导致两者经济效率差异的主要原因。 相似文献
5.
刘武军 《技术经济与管理研究》2012,(5):74-77
人力资本产权激励功能源于产权所带来的收益,而产权收益的实现是产权主体拥有产权权利的根本目的.从理论渊源来看,关于公务员人力资本产权激励的研究大体可分为两种视角:即制度主义研究视角与管理主义研究视角.制度主义研究视角强调制度建设对于产权主体的重要意义,主张通过制度设计来确保公务员人力资本所有者获取到合理的产权收益.而管理主义视角则认为,公务员人力资本产权收益的实现是以人力资本所有者的需求满足为基础,不同的产权收益方式和内容带给公务员个体的满足程度不一,从而可以形成不同的产权激励效果,因而,其所关注的重点不再是产权制度的设计,而是产权收益的表现形式.两种视角共同构成了公务员人力资本产权激励的实现途径. 相似文献
6.
著作权包括精神权利和财产权利,传统学者大都关注后者的经济学价值,对于前者,仅从人格保护层面进行探讨.本文则从全新的视角对精神权利进行经济学分析.笔者首先诠释精神权利的具体内涵以及经济学分析的必要性;接着笔者运用经济学上的"激励论"对精神权利的经济学价值进行分析;运用经济学上的效益-成本理论对精神权利中的署名权、修改权、保护作品完整权、发表权、收回权分别论述,论证上述权利是有效益的. 相似文献
7.
个体主义方法论是西方主流经济学的基本研究方法,其核心观点往往被认为是不证自明的。但是这种不证自明恰恰不是绝对的,而是现代社会特定的理论与实践背景的产物。由于在对他人的理解的问题上采取了特定的立场,即认为对他人的理解都是通过类比推理实现的,才使得个体主义方法论成为可能。运用现象学方法进行分析可以发现,这一立场是站不住脚的,因此个体主义方法论并不是无庸置疑的。经济学要获得发展,在方法论领域必须实现变革。 相似文献
8.
Personalist Economics has identified a central problem in Neoclassical Economics that originates in its representation of the economic agent as homo economicus and its grounding in individualism. Both flaws are directly addressed by Personalist Economics that has a different perspective on human nature as set forth in Personalism. Our remarks are presented in three sections. In the first section we address why individualism is an unsatisfactory philosophical foundation for modern economic theory. In the second section we trace the origins of Personalist Economics to Aristotle and Aquinas. While others, such as Heinrich Pesch and Joseph Schumpeter, played important roles in the evolution of Personalist Economics, here our efforts are restricted to the contributions of Aristotle and Aquinas. In the third section we explore how, in terms of 18 tenets, Personalist Economics and a Personalist economy differ from Mainstream Economics and the individualistic market economy. 相似文献
9.
联合国已经形成的全面的人权法体系,现在更需要一个强有力的带有司法性质的机制实现其既定的人权保护目标。组建这样一个法院需要对法院组建的模式、法院的能力与程序以及与其他机构的关系等问题进行考虑。构想建立的国际人权法院将与人权条约机构在联合国框架内形成监督审查与申诉救济并行的保护机制,这样,联合国在实现人权机构改革方面的构想将更具可预见性。 相似文献
10.
经典金融经济学假定投资者是同质的,无法对证券市场的产生、市场价格的随机性和波动性作出满意的解释。证券市场投资主体分为个人投资者和机构投资者,个人投资者追求效用最大化,效用取决于风险和收益;机构投资者追求利润最大化。投资主体行为差异是证券市场产生和发展的原因。 相似文献
11.
立足于生产方式制约社会政治生活和精神生活这一唯物史观的基本观点,一方面,马克思恩格斯阐述了人权的历史性、发展性、具体性及阶级性特征;另一方面,马克思恩格斯揭示了人权产生与发展的内在动力机制,即生产力与生产关系的内在矛盾运动。 相似文献
12.
Human capital plays an important role in the theory of economic growth, but it has been difficult to measure this abstract
concept. We survey the psychological literature on cross-cultural IQ tests and conclude that intelligence tests provide one
useful measure of human capital. Using a new database of national average IQ, we show that in growth regressions that include
only robust control variables, IQ is statistically significant in 99.8% of these 1330 regressions, easily passing a Bayesian
model-averaging robustness test. A 1 point increase in a nation’s average IQ is associated with a persistent 0.11% annual
increase in GDP per capita. 相似文献
13.
我国修订后的《税收征管法》首次对纳税人权利作出了较为集中、明确、充分的规定,但与发达的民主宪政国家法律中纳税人权利清单内容的深度、广度以及所体现的理念、柔性和人权精神以及周到体贴等方面相比,差距实在太大。本质差别在于:前者只是限于规定税收征管过程中的纳税人的一般性权利,而后者是从宪政和主权在民的角度来配置纳税人的权利的。 相似文献
14.
人力资本、空间溢出与经济增长——基于空间面板数据模型的经验分析 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
基于中国29个省区1990—2006年的面板数据,本文采用最新发展的空间计量分析方法考察人力资本与经济增长的关系。研究发现:(1)我国人力资本和经济增长表现出鲜明的空间相关性,多数省区位于高-高和低-低类型区;(2)人力资本作为知识和技术进步的载体,对区域经济增长具有较强的空间溢出效应。此外,加入空间因素回归结果表明,我国各省区的经济增长依然呈现鲜明的条件收敛特征。 相似文献
15.
人力资本与区域经济发展的计量分析 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
基于1990年与2000年人口普查数据,运用回归分析研究了区域人力资本指标10年间的差异及其变化趋势对地区经济发展水平变动的影响.结果表明,对人均GDP的增长率有显著影响的因素,按其影响程度由大到小依次为:平均受教育年限增长率、识字率提高率、教育投资占GDP 的比例变动和每千人医生数增长率,但它们对人均GDP影响的方向不同,这一结论不同于许多学者的总量研究结果.本文还利用因子分析进一步解释了人力资本各指标的层次结构对经济作用的影响.这对于在经济转型期深刻认识人力资本在促进区域经济发展中的作用有参考价值. 相似文献
16.
徐腾飞 《新疆财经学院学报》2011,(3):49-53
引渡与人权保护紧密相关,是当今国际引渡法的一大特征。在国际引渡实践中,被请求国出于人权保护的目的可以拒绝引渡。死刑犯不引渡和政治犯不引渡是出于人权保护目的的两项重要引渡例外。目前,有必要探究引渡与人权保护相联系的原因,从人权的视角研究上述重要的引渡例外制度,进而有利于我国的国际引渡实践。 相似文献
17.
人力资本、基础研究与经济增长 总被引:46,自引:0,他引:46
本文构建了一个经济增长模型 ,将知识划分为应用技术和基础科学知识两类 ,探讨了基础研究在经济增长中的基础性地位 ,得到如下三点结论 :第一 ,经济的长远增长率和基础科学知识的长远增长率成正比 ;第二 ,决定基础科学知识长远增长率的最终变量为经济体中的人力资本存量 ;第三 ,基础科学知识的非排他性决定了政府在经济增长中可以大有作为。 相似文献
18.
19.
目前频繁出现的用工荒及工资上涨等问题为中国经济增长方式转变提供了重要契机。本文将工资上涨助推经济增长方式转变的作用机理总结为技术进步引致效应及人力资本投入引致效应,在此基础上,运用因子分析方法构建技术进步及人力资本的衡量指标,并借助省际面板数据实证检验工资上涨在经济增长方式转变中的作用。实证结果显示,随着时间的推移,工资上涨对中国经济增长方式转变的影响逐渐增强,其中工资上涨借助技术进步引致效应显著促进了经济增长,但通过人力资本引致效应对经济增长的作用尚不显著。基于不同地区的回归结果比较得出,工资上涨助推经济增长方式转变的作用效果差异显著,其在劳动力市场化程度高的地区作用显著高于其他地区。 相似文献
20.
In maintaining that the main flaw in empirical studies on economic growth derives from the fact that they employ Solow-style neoclassical growth models, rather than testing actual endogenous growth theory, we examine the human capital-innovation-growth nexus, thus testing new growth theory more directly. We test its insights against the economic evolution of an individual country, Portugal, using time series data from 1960 to 2001. Estimates based on vector autoregressive and cointegration analysis seem to confirm that human capital and indigenous innovation efforts were enormously important to the economic growth process in Portugal during the period of study. In particular, the indirect effect of human capital through innovation, emerges here as being critical, showing that a reasonably high stock of human capital is necessary to enable a country to reap the benefits of its indigenous innovation efforts.Received: November 2003, Accepted: November 2004, JEL Classification:
C22, J24, O30, O40
Correspondence to: Aurora A.C. TeixeiraThe authors are grateful to two anonymous referees, Paulo Brito and the participants of the 2003 Portuguese Society for Economics Research (SPiE) in Lisbon, Portugal for helpful comments and suggestions. CEMPRE - Centro de Estudos Macroeconómicos e Previsão - is supported by the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal, through the Programa Operacional Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (POCTI) of the Quadro Comunitário de Apoio III, which is financed by FEDER and Portuguese funds. 相似文献