城市基础设施全寿命期控制碳排放集成管理

我国城市基础设施建设与运营全过程减排空间较大,有效控制碳排放水平决定节能减排效果。运用集成管理理论,系统分析我国城市基础设施全寿命期的碳排放,研究城市基础设施碳排放控制原理,提出强化节能减排意识、优化管理体系、建立碳排放测算系统、优化能源消费结构、推广节能减排技术、增加碳汇等策略,以控制城市基础设施碳排放。     

关于卷烟企业能源节点管理的探讨

随着全球能源危机的逐渐加剧,我国将“节能减排”作为与社会建设、经济发展同等的国家现阶段发展重要工作之一对待,以期能够通过有效的节能减排政策与手段来缓解我国能源紧张的局面.卷烟企业作为我国能源消耗量较大的企业之一,必须提高对“节能减排”的认识,将企业日常的生产工作划分几个有效的节点,并对这些节点进行节能管理,从而优化生产流程,实现企业发展“节能减排”的目的.本文主要针对卷烟企业能源节点管理的措施进行探讨     

吉林省低碳经济发展路径选择和政策建议

吉林省在能源方面面临的主要问题是一次能源短缺,全省经济发展的后劲乏力。低碳经济发展是未来吉林省的发展方向。优化能源结构,提高能源效率;建设低碳城市,推广节能减排;优化产业结构,推进清洁生产;开发碳汇潜力,推进生物固碳等。这些都是吉林省未来低碳经济发展的路径选择。     

电厂热力系统节能问题与研究

自从人类历史进入了电气时代开始,电力一直占据着世界经济发展能源供给的绝对控制地位。近年来,随着各国国民经济的不断快速发展,各行各业对能源需求的数量不断增加,极大的加剧了全球能源供给紧张的态势,如何科学合理的实现节能减排,尽快缓解能源供给矛盾,成为当今社会亟待解决的一个重要课题。电厂是我国国民经济发展过程中的能源消耗大户,加快研究电厂节能减排,有利于促进我国能源供给态势的可持续发展。本文针对电厂的热动系统进行节能减排研究,以期通过热动系统的节能优化技术的探讨,为电厂节能减排提供助力。     

施工项目节能减排与环境保护管理

项目节能减排管理指的是通过有效的管理减少项目施工过程中的能源浪费和降低污染物、噪声的排放.一、项目节能减排的主要管理内容1.能源消耗.能源消耗量指实际消耗的各种能源,包括工程承包合同范围施工生产、辅助生产、附属生产消耗和现场办公消耗的能源,不包括用于生活目的所消耗的能源.关键词：施工项目;节能减排;环境保护管理     

城市节能减排存在的问题及对策

基于实地调研,本文指出我国城市节能减排工作还面临着一系列制度性障碍:城市存量部分和增量部分之间不一致,无法同步进行;相关政策不配套、不衔接,体制不顺,使节能减排的示范工程无法推广;节能减排缺乏长期规划,能源统计和计量等基础性工作薄弱;国家面临的经济形势和相应的宏观经济政策影响节能减排工作的推进.作者提出,在城市规划中要适度反"功能区"的传统;要在观念上创新,摒弃现代经济学的一些似是而非的认识;国家实施的宏观经济政策应该与节能减排政策相互支持,在保增长和促进节能减排的基础上,实现结构的调整和优化.     

关于工业锅炉的节能减排技术

通过阐述工业锅炉能源浪费的主要表现,提出了针对这些问题的节能减排技术措施。     

节能的“新宠儿”——浙江省绍兴市能源检测院为产业节能见实效

节能,在古老的绍兴成为了一个永恒的话题. 去年初才诞生的绍兴市能源检测院,是浙江质监系统目前唯一一家专业节能减排的技术机构,这也让这座曾经闻名全国质监系统节能减排的模范城市,在节能方面增加了无限的后驱动力.     

小汽车库节能技术给节能减排带来的思考

本文主要通过对严寒地区节能小汽车库技术原理与发展趋势的介绍,以及节能减排工作在实际推广实施过程中的问题,阐明节能小汽车库的技术原理在当今这个大力提倡节约能源,减少污染,提高能源利用率的环境下能够推广应用给全民节能减排工作带来的思考.     

浅析现阶段农村新能源的建设及节能减排

新能源是指刚开始开发利用或者正在进行研发的,有待于进一步推广的能源。其开发后有利于减少化石能源的消耗,保护生态环境,促进人类社会的可持续发展。当前大力开发新能源,实施节能减排策略对我国来说是大势所趋,还是一项重大的挑战。本文从农村新能源的建设对节能减排的重要意义入手,分析农村新能源建设及节能减排的现状,并提出了如何在农村进行新能源建设及节能减排的措施。     

Agglomeration,Agriculture, and the Perspective of the Periphery

Abstract

This paper aims at pulling everything related to ‘agriculture’ or the ‘periphery’ a little more into the focus of research. We try to achieve this through surveying the existing theoretical and empirical literature in the field of NEG (New Economic Geography) in order to elaborate its linkages to immobile factors such as land, land-intensive productive activities, agriculture, rural areas, and the periphery. The main features of the broad variety of NEG models are reviewed with a special focus on the theme of agglomeration, which turns out to be vital for rural areas. All of these contributions are then commented on, with the aim of suggesting and discussing some future lines of research in the field.

Agglomération, agriculture, et la perspective de la périphérie

RÉSUMÉ La présente communication s'efforce de placer davantage tout ce qui concerne ‘l'agriculture’ ou la ‘périphérie’ sous l'optique de la recherche. Pour ceci, nous nous efforçons d'examiner de près les ouvrages théoriques et empiriques existants dans le domaine du NEG (New Economic Geography), afin d'en examiner les rapports avec des facteurs immuables comme la terre, les activités de production à utilisation intensive de la terre, l'agriculture, les zones rurales, et la périphérie. On se penche sur les principales caractéristiques du grand nombre de modèles NEG, en mettant tout particulièrement l'accent sur le thème de l'agglomération, qui s'avère jouer un rôle d'importance primordiale pour les zones rurales. On présente ensuite des commentaires sur toutes ces contributions dans le but de proposer certaines filières de recherche futures dans ce domaine, et d'en discuter.

Aglomeración, agricultura y la perspectiva de la periferia

RÉSUMÉ Este trabajo tiene como objetivo poner todo lo relacionado con la ‘agricultura’ o la ‘periferia’ un poco más en el foco de investigación. Intentamos hacerlo a través de una inspección de la bibliografía teórica y empírica existente en el campo NEG (New Economic Geography), con objeto de elaborar sus vínculos con factores inmóviles, tales como el terreno, actividades productivas que requieren terreno, agricultura, áreas rurales y la periferia. Las principales características de la amplia variedad de modelos NEG se revisan con un enfoque especial en el tema de la aglomeración, que resulta tener una importancia vital para las áreas rurales. Seguidamente, todas estas contribuciones se comentan con el propósito de sugerir y discutir líneas futuras de investigación en el campo.

     

那些人 那些事 那个年代

“一九六零年四月十六号下午三点之前的一分钟你和我在一起,因为你我会记住这一分钟。从现在开始我们就是一分钟的朋友,这是事实,你改变不了,因为已经过去了。”——《阿飞正传》     

Property rights,transaction costs,and the limits of the market

Economics of Governance - To clarify the determinants and interaction of property rights and transaction costs, I study the design of the property rights on either a good whose consensual transfer...     

Graft, Bribes, and the Practice of Corruption

We construct a dynamic model of corruption in organizations where officials privately know their propensity for corruption and clients optimally choose the bribe offered. We show that there is a continuum set of stationary bribe equilibria due exclusively to the dynamic nature of the model and the endogenous determination of bribes. This can explain why similar countries have stable but different "implicit prices" for the same illegal services. We also show that, by not considering the reaction of clients, traditional analysis have systematically overestimated the beneficial effect of increasing wages as an anticorruption measure.     

Congestion,agglomeration, and the structure of cities

Congestion costs in urban areas are significant and clearly represent a negative externality. Nonetheless, economists also recognize the production advantages of urban density in the form of positive agglomeration externalities. The long-run equilibrium outcomes in economies with multiple correlated but offsetting externalities have yet to be fully explored in the literature. Therefore, I develop a spatial equilibrium model of urban structure that includes both congestion costs and agglomeration externalities. I then estimate the structural parameters of the model using a computational algorithm to match the spatial distribution of employment, population, land use, land rents, and commute times in the data. Policy simulations based on the estimates suggest that congestion pricing may have ambiguous consequences for economic welfare.     

Power,Subsidiarity, and the Economy of Exclusion

According to Pope Francis, an “economy of exclusion” is an economy with barriers that prevent individuals and groups from participating in the economy and society to their full potential. Power is a key determinant for both exclusion and inclusion. All economies are based on power relations and an “economy of exclusion” is an abuse of power. This contribution looks at what economic power is and how it can build barriers of exclusion or pathways to inclusion. We use income inequality as a measure of exclusion, giving a general history of power and inequality to demonstrate the role of power. Lastly, we look at the concept of subsidiarity in Catholic social thought as a principle to guide the use of power in the economy.     

Malthus,Darwin, and the Descent of Economics

Confusion about overpopulation stems from the writings of Thomas Malthus in 1798. It was compounded by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace, both of whom made the Malthusian “struggle for existence” the basis of natural selection in the evolutionary process. Malthus argued, without evidence, that human population growth will continue unchecked until regulated by external factors such as hunger and disease. Darwin and Wallace cemented that idea into evolutionary theory. Recent evolutionary biologists have focused on gene frequency as a way to compare the reproductive success of one individual against another within the same species. However, among humans, the true basis of reproductive success is grounded in control of the resources necessary for survival. Humans sometimes adapt to environmental stress by having more children, not fewer, which means that poverty can cause population growth, not the reverse. Recognizing this simple relationship would have helped Darwin resolve a dilemma at the heart of his theory: his expectation that the most successful members of our species would have the most children, an idea contradicted by his observation of large, poor families among the Irish. The evolutionary puzzle can be solved by observing that providing equal access to land enables humans to limit their own fertility. The problem of equal access can be addressed by implementing Henry George's idea of taxing the value of land, thereby preventing hoarding and gross inequality of wealth.