含所得税的加权平均资本成本模型研究述评

加权平均资本成本模型作为估算公司资本成本的核心方法,在宏观、微观经济研究中得到了广泛应用。基于21世纪我国所得税改革,本文系统梳理了国内外学界对含所得税加权平均资本成本模型的研究脉络,分析了学界对含公司所得税、个人所得税加权平均资本成本模型构建方法,评述了国内外含所得税加权平均资本成本研究特点,并提出构建适合我国所得税税制特点的公司加权平均资本成本模型的重要性。     

浅谈资本市场缺陷条件下的税收与资本结构

文章讨论了资本市场缺陷条件下 ,公司所得税、个人所得税以及破产成本对资本结构决策的影响 ,并提出了个人的观点     

中西方资本结构理论的比较研究

资本结构理论又称总价值估价模型,主要是探讨公司负债资本与股权资本的比率关系对公司价值和资本成本的影响。本文分别从西方和我国对资本结构影响因素的研究情况进行阐述对比,进而分析出我国资本结构理论存在的局限性。     

浅谈公司资本结构选择与治理效率

公司资本结构体现在融资成本及公司价值方面,更重要的是影响着公司的治理结构.本文主要分析了公司资本结构对治理绩效的影响与公司治理结构对资本结构的影响.     

资本结构理论的演进、评述及启示

资本结构理论又称总价值估价模型,主要是探讨公司负债资本与股权资本的比率关系对公司价值和资本成本的影响。资本结构问题在理论上尚无统一答案,故本文主要综述资本结构理论的演进历程,并对其进行评论、探讨其对我国的借鉴意义。     

我国电力行业上市公司资本结构影响因素分析

对资本结构影响因素的研究,一直是资本结构研究的热点问题.本文针对我国电力行业上市公司资本结构特征,利用该行业2001-2005年30家上市公司的平衡面板数据,建立面板数据模型,对我国电力行业上市公司资本结构影响因素进行了实证研究.本文研究发现:资本成本、流动比率、非负债税盾与资本结构显著负相关;公司规模、盈利能力、成长性、资产结构与资本结构显著正相关.     

西方资本结构理论发展综述

筹资管理自始至终是企业财务管理的一个重要维度,其相关研究为企业经济有效的资金筹集行为提供了理论指导,推动了企业的发展与扩张.资本结构决策则是企业进行资金筹集时要考虑的核心问题,找到最佳的杠杆率,能够降低公司的资金筹集成本,有助于提升企业价值.本文对西方经典的资本结构理论进行了回顾、综述.     

大客户会影响公司的资本成本吗?——来自中国制造业上市公司的经验证据

客户集中度、经营风险和股权资本成本之间的关系是值得探讨的问题,笔者利用2012—2014年中国制造业上市公司的数据,采用两种方式衡量客户集中度和GLS与OJ两个模型,检验了客户集中度与股权资本成本之间的关系,并深入探讨了其作用机理.研究结论显示:客户集中度越高的公司其股权资本成本越高;客户集中度对股权资本成本的影响路径是较高的客户集中度会加大经营风险,表现为系统风险和公司特有风险的同时增加,进而传导至公司股权资本成本;在公司的客户转移风险和信用风险高的情况下,客户集中度与股权资本成本之间的正相关关系将得到进一步加强.本文的结论表明,从目前中国制造业的情况来看,大客户的存在并不利于供应链的整合,相反会加大公司的股权融资成本.     

竞争战略对资本结构影响的实证研究

基于交易成本经济学和战略管理理论,本文分析了竞争战略对资本结构的影响,并形成研究假设。通过建立多元回归模型进行实证分析,实证结果表明竞争战略是资本结构的重要影响因素,负债比率与差异化战略和成本领先战略存在显著的正相关关系。公司竞争战略的制定与实施应考虑其财务影响,资本结构决策也应该考虑如何与公司战略相配合,以从资本结构决策中获得竞争优势。     

试析资本结构与代理成本的关系

从国内外的研究来看,围绕公司资本结构和代理成本这一论题已取得很多成果。本文在已有的研究基础上,侧重于分析影响公司代理成本增减变动的因素,据以解释在实践中公司资本结构的多样性,并进一步探讨我国公司如何优化资本结构,减少代理成本。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

生物群落结构原型的仿生学模拟

模拟生命系统管理规律的科学即管理仿生学,是知识时代仿生学研究的新领域与前沿.基于模拟生物群落结构规律的研究目的,采用仿生学模拟的研究方法,以生物群落结构为原型,建立了仿生群落结构模型.结论为:垂直结构、水平结构、时间结构与交错区结构是支持生物群落生命活动的结构规律,以该规律为原型,推理建立了仿生分层结构、仿生优化结构、仿生动态结构与仿生相邻结构,四种仿生结构分别侧重于管理资源的分层管理、局部优化管理、动态过程管理、相邻关系管理,该模型为建立类似生物群落的人造管理系统即仿生群落管理系统提供了仿生结构模型.可以预测,该模型具有广泛的应用价值,能够推动管理仿生学的发展.