两阶段视角下高技术产业技术创新能力比较研究

运用SPSS软件,对我国高技术产业在技术研发阶段和技术成果转化阶段的技术创新能力进行了实证研究。结果发现,两阶段高技术产业创新能力高低趋势基本一致。其中,通信设备制造业在两阶段技术创新能力均最高,而办公设备制造业、雷达及配套设备制造业、航天器制造业在两阶段的技术创新能力均最低。提高高技术产业技术创新能力,在技术研发阶段应加大创新投入,提高产业创新产出,从而保证技术成果转化阶段研发成果供给。另外,还应加强技术成果转化阶段的经费投入和创新环境建设。     

两阶段视角下高技术产业技术创新能力比较研究——来自行业数据的实证分析

运用SPSS软件,对我国高技术产业在技术研发阶段和技术成果转化阶段的技术创新能力进行了实证研究。结果发现,两阶段高技术产业创新能力高低趋势基本一致。其中,通信设备制造业在两阶段技术创新能力均最高,而办公设备制造业、雷达及配套设备制造业、航天器制造业在两阶段的技术创新能力均最低。提高高技术产业技术创新能力,在技术研发阶段应加大创新投入,提高产业创新产出,从而保证技术成果转化阶段研发成果供给。另外,还应加强技术成果转化阶段的经费投入和创新环境建设。     

高端装备制造业技术创新效率测度与优化

为了拓展多阶段DEA模型的应用,文章充分发挥四阶段DEA模型和Bootstrap模型的优势,利用组合分析模型对高端装备制造技术创新效率进行测度.DEA模型选取R&D经费内部支出、技术引进经费支出、R&D人员全时当量、研发机构个数作为投入指标,有效发明专利数、利润总额作为产出指标,同时考虑宏观经济水平、市场劳动力供给和金融支持等环境因素对效率的影响.结果 表明:不考虑环境和统计噪音,高端装备制造业技术创新效率均值呈现显著的"U"型波动趋势.剔除环境因素和随机误差后,组合模型实证发现产业效率呈非显著性"U"型变化,创新水平差异不明显,大部分介于0.8～0.9之间,处于非效率状态;技术驱动和环境因素对创新效率提升发挥双重作用.医疗仪器设备及仪器仪表制造等产业的技术进步指数(TC)均大于1.     

中国高端装备制造业自主技术创新效率稳定性及影响因素研究

在全面实施创新驱动发展战略的时代背景下，揭示中国高端装备制造业自主技术创新效率稳定性，测度相关因素的影响强度与方向，对揭示中国高端装备制造业自主技术创新规律，制定其发展策略具有重要指导意义。聚焦中国高端装备制造业自主技术创新效率稳定性及影响因素，采用DEA-Malmquist指数方法和Tobit回归模型进行实证研究，结果表明，中国高端装备制造业自主技术创新效率存在一定波动性，且各细分行业技术创新效率内部稳定性较差，产业自主技术创新效率整体稳定性不高；自主技术创新投入因素和环境影响因素对产业自主技术创新效率的影响具有较高的异质性，其中创新资金投入和人力资源投入对自主技术创新综合效率、纯技术效率及规模效率具有正向影响，而新产品开发投入和企业规模对自主技术创新综合效率、纯技术效率和规模效率的影响具有异质性，政策因素与市场因素分别具有显著和非显著负向影响，外源性创新因素具有显著正向影响，且影响强度较大。在此基础上，提出调整政府对高端装备制造业创新支持模式、加强外源性创新与智力引进等策略建议。     

山西省装备制造业技术创新效率评价研究

近几年山西省装备制造业发展速度非常快,但是在发展过程中也出现了很多的问题,尤其是技术创新效率不高。文章选取了四个投入指标和五个产出指标,运用多指标投入产出法和因子分析定权法等方法,对山西省装备制造业7个子行业的技术创新效率进行分析,然后对7个子行业的技术创新效率进行排序,并对各子行业的发展状况及可能的原因作了总结。最后针对上面提到的问题给出有价值的一些建议。     

基于因子分析的我国装备制造业技术创新能力评价研究

通过对国内外有关产业技术创新能力评价指标体系以及评价方法的研究,从技术创新保障能力、创新资源投入能力、技术创新转化吸收能力、创新资源产出能力4个方面构建我国装备制造业的技术创新能力评价指标体系。用因子分析法建立评价模型,以我国装备制造业行业7个子行业2009年面板数据为研究样本,对其技术创新能力进行定量评价和实证分析。     

产业融合对高端装备制造业发展的影响——基于企业微观视角的实证研究

文章基于我国高端装备制造业上市公司数据,测算制造业与服务业在投入和产出两个环节的融合度,并采用固定效应模型,引入平方项,研究产业融合对制造业发展的实际影响。研究发现：（1）在总体上,投入和产出两个环节的产业融合对于高端装备制造业发展的影响均呈现出显著的U型特征。（2）在区分所有制和地区因素后,国有企业与民营企业在产出环节表现出异质性,产出融合对国有企业发展的影响表现为显著的U型关系,而对民营企业的影响不显著;东中西部企业在投入环节表现出异质性,投入融合对东部地区企业发展的影响表现为显著的U型关系,对中部企业的影响不显著,对西部企业则为显著的负影响。     

高技术制造业创新效率评价及要素投入差异性研究

高技术制造业发展及竞争优势提升依赖于其技术创新能力。以高技术制造业下属行业为研究对象,运用DEA-Malmquist指数法分析高技术制造业每个行业动态效率变化值,并结合熵值法确定投入指标权重,采用灰色关联分析法深入研究各创新投入要素对产出的贡献度。结果表明：①我国高技术制造业在2014-2015年的全要素生产率最低,但整体上创新效率发展态势较好;②技术进步效率是影响全要素生产率变化的主要因素;③相同投入要素在不同行业中的贡献度差异较大,主要归因于指标投入强度及技术创新能力差异。     

中国装备制造业国际贸易是否促进了其技术发展——基于DEA的面板数据分析

机械设备作为资本品,其出口增长被视为产业结构和出口结构升级的标志;其进口被视为获得国际RD溢出的重要载体。本文采用DEA法将中国6个装备制造业的全要素生产率增长分解为技术进步和技术效率增长。实证分析发现,1993—2010年期间,装备制造业的全要素生产率呈现先上升后下降的趋势,其增长主要依赖于技术进步增长而不是技术效率增长;装备制造业出口对其技术发展有抑制作用,中间品和成套设备进口对其技术发展都有积极效应。可见,装备制造业进口国外高端设备获取知识和技术溢出的同时,却疲于占据国外中低端市场,把自己锁定在低端分工水平上而抑制了技术发展。因此,需要同时调整装备制造业现有的国际贸易模式和自身发展模式。     

装备制造业技术进步的溢出效应-基于两部门模型的实证研究

本文将整个工业分为装备制造和非装备制造两类部门,把装备制造业技术进步纳入非装备制造部门的生产函数中,通过构建两部门模型研究装备制造业技术进步与其他工业部门产出增长之间的关系,并以2000—2007年我国31个省区的面板数据为样本进行了实证检验,得到装备制造业技术进步对非装备制造部门存在显著的溢出效应的结论,不同区域分组的估计结果说明装备制造业自身的生产效率和非装备制造部门的设备更新速度对技术溢出效应具有显著影响。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。