一种基于广义相似度的物资紧急调运方案优选方法

物资紧急调运方案优选决策目标具有不可公度和相互矛盾性,其属性值既有实数、区间数,也有语言值和不确定语言值等,无法统一度量。在运用TOPSIS方法来确定理想方案的基础上,通过定义一种广义相似度,将备选方案的各类型属性值的相似度计算规范到统一的度量空间内,实现了以实数、区间数、语言值和不确定语言值表示的属性值的统一度量。而后,提出了备选方案与理想方案的综合关联度,并以此来对备选方案排序,初步解决了物资紧急调运方案优选这一混合型多属性决策问题。最后,给出了一个实例说明了该方法具有良好的适应性。     

时间权重为区间值的时序多指标决策TOPSIS法

通过引入时间因素，将对基于区间值的多指标决策问题的研究从静态领域拓展到动态领域，本文把时间权重取为区间值模糊数，更符合评价实际。在此基础上，补充了固定性和区间性指标的标准化公式，定义了时间权重取区间值的时序条件下多指标决策的正理想方案和负理想方案，并运用线性规划方法给出了这种条件下该问题的TOPSIS[Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution]法。至此，本文解决了指标取值、指标权重和时间权重可以全部为区间值模糊数的多指标决策问题。运用该方法分析了一个实际问题。     

基于投影模型的不确定语言型多属性决策方法及应用

研究了不确定语言型多属性决策评价结果与决策者对方案的偏好信息之间存在偏差的问题,提出了基于投影模型的不确定多属性决策方法。该方法通过建立与区间型语言标度对应的术语指标矩阵,及方案综合属性值与决策者主观偏好值之间的投影模型,确定属性的权重,然后运用加权法得到方案的综合属性值,利用已有的可能度矩阵排序公式得到决策方案的排序。最后,通过算例对该方法的实用性和有效性进行了说明。     

多属性决策方法及其在节能减排中的应用研究

通过对直觉模糊数的区间化处理,把直觉模糊多属性决策转化为属性值为区间数的多属性决策.基于决策者的主观偏好值和客观偏好值的总偏差最小化原则得到属性权重,从而给出了一种直觉模糊多属性决策方法.最后利用所提出的方法对企业的节能减排效果进行了评价研究.     

基于前景理论和区间交叉效率的冷链物流投资决策方法

针对冷链物流投资决策问题,提出了一种基于前景理论和区间交叉效率的决策方法.考虑到决策者不同的心理偏好以及参考点在前景函数中的重要性,在前景理论与区间交叉效率融合的过程中,首先将参考点定义为区间数的形式,并且对于每个被评价的决策单元,选择区间交叉效率值中的最大值和最小值同时作为参考点,得到两个区间交叉效率前景值矩阵.进而,通过引入反映决策者态度的参数,将两个区间交叉效率前景值矩阵进行集成,通过对态度参数的调整可以反映不同乐观水平决策者的主观偏好.最后,将提出的决策应用于冷链物流企业投资决策的实例中,验证了该方法的有效性和适用性.     

基于前景理论和区间交叉效率的冷链物流投资决策方法

针对冷链物流投资决策问题,提出了一种基于前景理论和区间交叉效率的决策方法.考虑到决策者不同的心理偏好以及参考点在前景函数中的重要性,在前景理论与区间交叉效率融合的过程中,首先将参考点定义为区间数的形式,并且对于每个被评价的决策单元,选择区间交叉效率值中的最大值和最小值同时作为参考点,得到两个区间交叉效率前景值矩阵.进而,通过引入反映决策者态度的参数,将两个区间交叉效率前景值矩阵进行集成,通过对态度参数的调整可以反映不同乐观水平决策者的主观偏好.最后,将提出的决策应用于冷链物流企业投资决策的实例中,验证了该方法的有效性和适用性.     

基于区间数TOPSIS法的飞机维修方案决策

飞机维修方案的合理确定是飞机维修工作正常运行的一个基础。本文对传统的TOPSIS法进行改进,结合区间数来对飞机维修方案进行决策。     

基于三参数区间数模型的第三方物流服务商评价

针对第三方物流服务商的多属性评价问题,为避免传统物流服务商选择中评委评估的主观性偏向问题,提出一种基于三参数区间数模型的物流服务商评价方法;在三参数区间数的理想方案基础上,运用偏差函数求解评委权重,以解决第三方物流服务商的服务质量排序问题。     

基于0-1规划的天然肠衣搭配模型设计

设计天然肠衣搭配方案，将提供的原料描述表按规格要求划分为三类区间，由计算机在Excel表中生成模拟数据进行分析处理，建立了0-1规划模型，将每种规格的各区间数据在Excel表中分配，建立分配控件，利用Excel的VBA编程按各规格的每个区间的根数进行分配，给出最终材料搭配方案，得到三种规格的较优搭配方案。     

基于区间数TOPSIS法的飞机维修方案决策

飞机维修方案的合理确定是飞机维修工作正常运行的一个基础。本文对传统的TOPSIS法进行改进，结合区间数来对飞机维修方案进行决策。     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。     

浅谈大体积混凝土裂缝的控制

大体积混凝土的裂缝问题是实际工程中长期困扰工程技术人员的问题,其控制技术的研究是混凝土结构研究的热点问题,具有重大的学术价值和潜伏的工程背景。     

Supply Chain Strategies in the UK Fashion Industry—The Rhetoric of Partnership and Realities of Power

This paper focuses on the fashion industry, one characterised by issues such as dramatic shifts in the scale and power of major retail buyers in the market, the advent of retailer own brands, and the nature of sourcing and supply chain decisions, issues that are increasingly global in nature. The aim of this research is to explore the nature of relationships between UK high street multiple fashion retailers and their contracted suppliers, many of whom are entrepreneurial firms by most definitions of the term. Four core themes emerge from the literature and provide a framework for the research, namely, power, process, partnership, and people. The research approach was qualitative, and conducted over a period of twelve months. The paper ends with an agenda for future research.