基于层次聚类分析东北地区生态农业区划研究

农业系统是一个开放的、具有耗散结构的生态—经济—社会三维复合系统,发展农业生产必须因地制宜,为此需要进行农业区域划分。文章在确立生态农业区划原则、明确分区依据的基础上,建立了东北地区生态农业区域划分指标体系,运用层次聚类分析法把整个东北地区分为6个大生态农业区、14个二级生态区。东北地区作为我国具有战略意义的商品粮基地,充分发挥地域生态优势,是把它建成我国粮食安全基地与绿色农畜产品基地的必然趋势。     

Analysis on inbound tourists＇ satisfaction in China： an empirical study based on the investigation of 5 cities

In China, the tourism industry is regarded as one means of fostering local economic development. This paper tries to examine inbound tourism development in China in the last decade and analyze inbound tourism＇s satisfaction of their travel experience with tourist attractions, facilities, services and price by an empirical study based on the investigation of Lanzhou, Wuhan, Guangzhou, Shanghai and Beijing. This paper discusses the demographic characteristics of visitors from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, US. Korea and Japan by surveying a .sample of 528 visitors in five different cities. The survey showed that four provinces/autonomous region in western China ranked the top 10 popular destinations. Chinese natural landscape, culture and food were highly regarded by the tourists. At the same time, tourists expressed less satisfaction with tourist language convenience, tourist facility and nightlife in China. It was also found that only 7.4% of the tourists thought travel in China was far more than what they had paid, that 6.5% regarded they got what they paid for, and that 34.9% thought the travel cost was reasonable. Most tourists were satisfied with their travel experience in China： many of them would like to return to China and would like to recommend China. For the sustainable development of tourism, Chinese tourism authorities should strengthen the construction, propaganda and management of scenic spots, improve tourist facility and tourist education. especially language convenience, and strengthen the supervision of tickets, souvenir and hotel price.     

Analysis of China＇s Logistics Market and the Cooperation in Northeast Asia

In recent years, China＇s logistics market has developed very fast, characterized in demand and supply aspects. Such increase in logistics and other industries of China＇s economy, give more opportunity to the cooperation of logistics system in Northeast Asia. This paper will give more detailed analysis on the logistics market in China with the data coming from the recent survey of the research center of logistics in Nankai University and National Development and Reform Commission.     

Analysis of the Competition in China＇s Supermarket Sector

China＇s supermarket sector has been growing with a high rate for ten years. Relying on the advantages of new formats and adapting to the economic change of China, several China＇s supermarket companies have replaced the traditional department stores to become the leading player in retail industry of China. Although the interesting phenomenon shows that although these supermarket companies have the inherent problems of shortage of capital and weaknesses in management, their expansion is more emphasized on sizes and speeds. Being weak in management and over squeezing ,margin from suppliers that might lead their position to be vulnerable. Their market share is taken by different competitors, more notably by foreign giant retailers. Competition will become more fierce and complex. Merging, making joint ventures with foreign investors, expanding into chain and fuU-format retailer, hunting for skillful people would be the key strategic options to keep the sector＇s growth.     

Cointegration Analysis on the Factors that Affect China＇ s Current Account Surplus

利用中国1982～2009年的数据,采用E-G两步法、向量误差修正模型对中国经常项目顺差的影响因素进行了分析。结果表明,经常项目差额占GDP的比率与储蓄率（S/GDP）、净国外资产占GDP的比率（NFA/GDP）、投资率（资本形成总额/GDP）之间存在长期的均衡关系。其中,储蓄率、投资率对经常项目差额的影响较大,是造成经常项目顺差的主要因素。     

Study on the use of trade barrier of anti-dumping in China

WTO allows its members to use anti-dumping barrier to combat unfair competition. Nowadays, anti-dumping barrier has been dominant protective trade measure in the world, while in China, this measure is still not fully used and at low level. For the purpose of protecting domestic industries and enhancing national welfare, China should use this barrier cautiously and construct its own anti-dumping system at the same time.     

Study on the Capital Regulatory Reform and Capital Adequacy Ratio——Analysis on Listed Commercial Bank in China Based on Basel Ⅲ

根据巴塞尔国际银行资本监管原则的发展进行跟进式研究,一直是中国银行业监管发展过程中的一个重要领域.本文对巴塞尔协议资本监管的历史演进与巴塞尔协议Ⅲ的资本监管改革进行归纳,在此基础上分析了我国商业银行的资本充足率.按照巴塞尔协议Ⅲ的扣除项要求,以我国上市商业银行为样本对资本充足率进行了重新测算.研究表明:尽管当前我国上市商业银行有一半已经达到了巴塞尔协议Ⅲ一级资本充足率的要求,但是长期内面临资本补充压力.文章最后提出相关对策建议.     

An Analysis of the Loan Exit Gaming on Relationship Lending in China

This paper analyzes the loan exit on relationship lending in China. We define the relationship lending and analyze the value that both banks and borrowers will obtain in relationship lending, as well as some risks they will face, and then analyze the behaviors of loans exit with game theory. Our results suggest that, in general, relationship lending is helpful for the commercial banks and the enterprises to communicate information and enhance financing efficiency, while in the loan exit gaming, only when the decision of loan exit is made authentic promised by the banks, can the relationship lending effectively exert their positive function, and maintain the health cooperation between borrowers and lenders.     

Study on the industrial Eco-Efficiency in East China based on the Super Efficiency DEA Model: an example of the 2003–2013 panel data

The article uses the panel data of six provinces and one chartered city in East China from 2003 to 2013 as an example, constructs the input–output indicators system of Eco-Efficiency, calculates each region’s industrial Eco-Efficiencies throughout the 11 years by the Super Efficiency DEA Model, carries out dynamic studies on the efficiencies by using the Malmquist Index and analyses the factors influencing the efficiencies by the Tobit model. The empirical studies suggest the following: the regions in East China have relatively high industrial Eco-Efficiencies, and the efficiencies turn out a downward then upward trend; there are disparities among the regions as Shanghai, Zhejiang and Jiangsu are regions of relatively high industrial Eco-Efficiencies; the region all have Tfpch (productivity changes) greater than 1, of which the average is 7.2%, and the industrial Eco-Efficiencies are mainly driven by technology advancement; research and development, foreign capital and industrial structure each has a positive relationship with the industrial Eco-Efficiencies, and research and development has a significant influence, while industrial structure has an insignificant influence, and environment governance has a negative and significant influence.     

Government Controlling and Firm Performance： An Empirical Study on China＇s Listed Companies

The current study compares the firm performance in China＇s listed companies by distinguishing the governance controlling of three types of state-shareholder. The results indicate that the performances in firms with direct government controlling are significantly weaker than other firms. In contrast, the performances in firms without direct government controlling are not significantly different. The results suggest that the introduction of market-oriented state-share holders is a desirable process during the transition economy in China.     

Variance Analysis on Residents＇ Ttourism Perception of the Intangible Cultural Heritage in Zhangjiajie

旅游地居民对旅游的感知影响着该区域旅游业的可持续发展。以非物质文化遗产旅游居民感知理论为基础,对张家界居民进行问卷调查,运用EXCEL和SPSS统计软件进行数理统计,采用主成分分析法、方差最大化旋转和交叉分析,研究居民的主要感知因子以及不同人口学特征的居民对各项因子的感知差异,并在此基础上提出了加大教育培训力度、加大宣传营销力度、健全社区参与机制、坚持开发与保护并重等相关建议,为张家界非物质文化遗产旅游开发与保护提供决策依据。     

A Dynamic Analysis on the Level of New-type Industrialization in China＇ s Western Region From the Angle of Western Region Development Program

通过构建区域新型工业化评价指标体系,运用多指标综合评价方法,对西部地区新型工业化水平进行测算和分析,并与其他区域进行多角度动态比较,结果显示：西部大开发战略实施以来西部地区新型工业化取得显著进展,但区域内省际分异较明显;新型工业化总水平以及工业化进程、科技创新、资源环境、社会协调发展水平均落后于其他区域且差距并未明显缩小甚至趋于扩大,而经济效益水平持续提升已居各区域之首。最后针对西部地区薄弱环节提出促进新型工业化的政策建议。     

The Analysis on the Relationship between Processing Trade and Economic Growth in China

With gradually deepening of international division and frequently developing of transnational corporations, processing trade has been a major trend in international trade. This paper mainly Seeks for the practical and theoretical, supports ,to processing, trade. Meanwhile, it ,shows the developing conditions of processing trade in the world and in China, and analyzes the relationship between processing trade and economic growth in China by linear regression analysis in order to find,the problems and give some suggestions.     

Empirical Study on the Impact on China＇ s Intellectual Property Creation caused by Capital Investment and Open Economy

知识产权创造是知识产权战略的核心,是自主创新的关键,是推动经济转型升级的重要着力点。基于2000～2009年的省际数据,运用面板数据单位根检验、格兰杰检验、协整检验、混合效应模型对全国及东、中、西部的资本投入、进口贸易和外商直接投资对知识产权创造的影响进行了实证分析,结果表明资本投入、开放经济对知识产权创造具有显著的正效应,但存在地区差异。     

A ＂Paradox＂ in China＇s Environmental Management： An Argument From a Comparative Study on Waste Recycling Policies Between China and Japan

China appears to have a ＂paradox＂ in its environmental management policies. For example, China＇s recycling policies appear paradoxical. With its rapidly expanding economy, China is now the world＇s largest emitter of urban waste. Under such a situation, China is aiming to build up a recycling economy by enacting a number of related laws. Despite the development of waste recycling regulations, however, the load on the environment by continuously increasing waste has not reduced in China so far. What explains this seemingly paradoxical situation of waste recycling in China？ It has been pointed out in the previous study on China＇s climate change policies that environment protection falls under the rubric of sustainable development in China. The question here is whether the same story can be applied to areas other than climate change in China＇s environmental management. This paper examines it in the area of its waste recycling policy. This paper conducts an evaluation of waste recycling regulations in China by comparing it with the experience of Japan, China＇s next-door advanced country. It concludes that the waste recycling regulations in China do not primarily aim at reducing the environmental load by reducing the amount of waste but rather for the main purpose of recycling and reusing resources effectively for the sake of economic development.     

The Empirical Analysis on the Influence of Foreign Exchange Reserves on China＇ s Price Level --Based on the Cointegration Test and the Error Correction Model analysis

协整和格兰杰因果检验结果表明,我国外汇储备与物价水平存在协整关系,且外汇储备是物价水平的格兰杰原因,表明外汇储备增加将对通货膨胀形成压力。但从误差修正模型的检验结果看,我国外汇储备对物价水平的影响在短期内较为有限,其主要原因是我国央行短期内进行大量的外汇冲销操作。因此,我国需要采取有效的措施来缓解通胀压力,如加大央行公开市场业务操作、改革外汇管理体制、适当放宽汇率浮动幅度以及合理使用我国现有外汇储备等。     

Analysis on the Expenditure Structures of Domestic Tourism of Urban Residents Nowadays in China

Tourism has been one of the largest industries in China. At present the townsmen＇s travel expenditure has been a bit more than countrymen＇s. It has become one of the most popular topics in the tourism research literature. So based on the data of past years, this paper tries to analyze the expenditure structures of domestic tourism of urban residents in China.     

Gender Composition and Gender-based Employees＇ Turnover： An Empirical Study among Women and Men in China＇s Organization

With the disappearance of rigid employment contract and the-intenseness of competition of human resources, turnover has become a great obstacle to firm＇s well-runned development. From the point of firm＇s gender composition, the influence of gender composition on gender-based turnover in each level including leading post remains unclear. The paper explores this issue by using statistical methods on the basis of 332 individual sampling data in 65 different enterprises. The results show that proportion of male to female in high and first-line level has significantly positive influence on employee turnover for both male and female. But the proportion of male to female in middle level has significantly negative influence on employee turnover for both male and female. The whole proportion of male to female in organization has positive influence on turnover. The leader＇s gender has negative effect on turnover of male employee. Most of the above correlations are consistent with foreign researches. Referred to our results, enterprise could control turnover and improve the organization efficiency by adjusting the proportion of male to female in different levels when we make decisions on human resources management in order to attract female employees.     

Research on the Development Model of Ecological Agriculture in Loess Hilly-Gully Region of Northern Shannxi, China

On the Loess Plateau of China, facing the vulnerable environment, local people have to try their best to guarantee the security of food, and at the same time, to control the most serious soil erosion in the world. The paper introduces two typical models of ecological agriculture: ecological agriculture with commodity and agriculture with soil and water conservation. According to the local natural condition, the model of eco-agriculture with commodity could be characterized by the structure of “agriculture-byproduct”, “agriculture-fruit” or “agriculture-forestry-husbandry”. The development of agriculture with soil and water conservation has decreased the soil erosion rate from 12, 184 ton/kin^2 in 1980 to 458.4 ton/kin^2 in 1999, while the farmers‘ income has increasingly risen. Analyses on the two models‘ benefits both in terms of ecological and agricultural economy show that there is a great possibility to construct or restore good eco-environment with comprehensive control in the hilly-gully area of north Shannxi. Further more, the paper points out the potential problems of foodstuff production and stockbreeding development in forming ecological agriculture and eco-environmental restoration.