共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
Modern farming in Australia is no longer simple. Farms are large, multi‐enterprise businesses underpinned by expensive capital investments, changing production technologies, volatile markets and social challenges. The complexity of modern broadacre farming leads to the question: what is the nature of the relationship between farm business complexity and farm profitability? This study uses bioeconomic farm modelling and employs eight measures of complexity to examine the profitability and complexity of a wide range of broadacre farming systems in Australia. Rank order correlations between farm profitability and each measure of complexity show inconsistent relationships, although the most profitable farming systems are found to be reasonably complex on several criteria. Among the set of highly profitable systems are found some characterised by less complexity. A commonly acknowledged feature of farm business complexity is the annual workload of the farmer, yet the trade‐off between farm profit and this workload is found not to be large. A case is outlined where the farmer’s annual hours worked could be reduced by 9 per cent for a 3 per cent reduction in farm profit. If farmers’ workloads are proving problematic now, and in the future, then agricultural R&D, service delivery and policy development will need to focus more on being highly attractive to increasingly time‐poor farm managers. 相似文献
3.
Marit E. Kragt Brendan Lynch Rick S. Llewellyn Wendy J. Umberger 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》2019,63(4):881-896
Joint venture (JV) farm structures have the potential to increase the productivity and profitability of traditional family farms. However, such structures are not widely adopted within the farm business community. Furthermore, knowledge on the relative attractiveness of different JV models to farmers is limited. We use a choice experiment to explore what JV structures are preferred by Australian farmers, and how farmers’ socio‐demographic and attitudinal characteristics influence the type of JV structure preferred. A latent class analysis revealed significant unobserved preference heterogeneity amongst the population. We identify four latent classes that differ in their preferences regarding the number of JV partners, access to new machinery, and/or the opportunity for additional annual leave. All classes of farmers displayed positive preferences for operational decision‐making with other JV partners, although they varied in their preferences towards final operational responsibility. The diversity in preferences shows that there is no ‘one size fits all’ JV design, leaving opportunities for a range of JV decision models. Such flexibility in JV design is likely to have advantages when seeking JV partners, with a significant proportion of the sampled population open to collaborative decision‐making models. 相似文献
4.
Jill Windle John Rolfe 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》2005,49(1):63-74
Growers in the sugarcane industry have been struggling under financial pressure for several years. One option to improve farm viability might be to diversify farm enterprise income. Choice Modelling, an economic valuation technique, was used to explore the trade-offs growers make between different attributes of diversification, and how their choices may be related to certain socio-economic characteristics. Application of the technique involved surveys of cane growers in three regions of Central Queensland. This is a novel approach to assessing grower intentions that has the potential to reveal detailed information about influences on grower choices. 相似文献
5.
Ross Kingwell Imma Farré 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》2009,53(2):265-284
A model of investment in crop sowing machinery is applied to wheat production under current and projected climatic conditions at several locations in south‐western Australia. The model includes yield responses to time of sowing at each location given current and projected climatic conditions. These yield relationships are based on wheat growth simulation modelling that in turn draws on data from a down‐scaled global circulation model. Wheat price distributions and cost of production data at each location, in combination with the time of sowing yield relationships are used to determine a farmer's optimal investment in crop sowing work rate under each climate regime. The key finding is that the impacts of climate change on profit distributions are often marked, yet mostly modest changes in investment in work rate form part of the profit‐maximising response to climate change. The investment response at high versus low rainfall locations mostly involves increases and decreases in work rates, respectively. However, changes to investment in work rate within a broadly similar rainfall region are not always uniform. The impacts of climate change on investments in work rate at a particular location are shown to require knowledge of several factors, especially how climate change alters the pattern of yield response to the time of sowing at that location. 相似文献
6.
Vilaphonh Xayavong Ross Kingwell Nazrul Islam 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》2016,60(2):227-242
The complexity of modern farm management places great demands on the skill, knowledge and capability of farm managers and their families. Keeping abreast of emerging technologies and innovations that can affect each key farm enterprise, and knowing how best to marshal the resources required for profitable farm production, are key tasks of farm management. This study draws on a longitudinal data set of 240 broadacre farmers to compare and analyse their farm performance over a decade. Using structural equation modelling, we examine relationships between the farm family's involvement in training, their human capital, their use of various innovations and ultimately the linkages of these factors to farm financial and productivity performance. Several statistically significant inter‐relationships are found, and some factors are shown to have significant positive links to farm performance. We find that training undertaken by the farm family, the farm family's human capital and their use of innovations, particularly key cropping innovations, have significant beneficial impacts on farm performance. The farmer's skills in time and organisational management, their engagement in business planning and the unique environmental characteristics of the farm also significantly and positively influence farm performance. 相似文献
7.
总结回顾了江西省十一五期间森林采伐管理历程,江西省坚持森林采伐限额不突破,确保林农合法权益得到落实,惩处乱砍滥伐行为,加强林业部门能力建设。通过对全省11个设区市及26个县的调查认为:现行森林采伐管理政策滞后,受采伐限额制约经营者林木处置权难以落实,林木采伐管理对象多监管难以到位。为此提出了做好今后5年森林采伐管理工作的对策措施。 相似文献
8.
[目的]家庭农场是实现农业现代化的重要主体,进一步研究粮食类家庭农场培育的影响因素并提出培育对策和建议,对于确保粮食安全和实现农民增收具有重要意义.[方法]文章以山东省齐河县、肥城市、寿光市、安丘市、即墨市、莱州市的粮食类家庭农场为研究对象,进行问卷调研,然后运用描述统计、均值分析、因子分析和回归分析等方法,分析粮食类家庭农场的经营现状及其成立和经营的影响因素.[结果]分别对应家庭农场成立和家庭农场经营等2个因变量,运用SPSS19.0软件进行线性回归分析,分析结果P值均为0.000,说明模型能够有效反映影响因素对家庭农场的成立存在显著的影响,有效反映影响因素对家庭农场的经营存在显著的影响;Durbin-Watson值分别为2.292、2.156,均介于1~3之间,说明回归模型残差独立,回归模型有效.[结论](1)社会化服务已经不再是培育家庭农场的障碍,农场主可以容易地获得生产资料、生产技术、生产过程服务,从劳务市场雇佣劳动者以及将农产品销售出去;(2)农场主和劳动雇工、资金及土地是培育家庭农场的主要影响因素;(3)产业带动对家庭农场的培育影响不显著;(4)基础设施对家庭农场的成立存在一定影响. 相似文献
9.
国有林场在我国林业建设事业中起到了十分重要的作用。随着林改的不断深化,国有林场也积极谋求新的发展路子,分析国有林场的经营现状及其发展中存在的主要问题,针对国有林场在经营发展中面临着重重困难,如何搞好国有林场的林业分类经营,更好地实现生态与经济的双重效益,提出改革建议。 相似文献
10.
新时期高校后勤财务管理模式研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
高校后勤社会化管理近10年来取得了巨大的成绩。由于当前处于过渡期,高校后勤社会化具有公益性、服务性和微利性三重属性。高校后勤财务管理在主体、目标和内容方面有其特殊性,导致高校后勤财务管理在成本核算及内容、财务部门的独立性、管理观念以及约束和监督机制方面出现一些问题。面对挑战,必须采取若干应对措施,创新高校后勤财务管理,使高校后勤的社会化取得更大效果,促进高校后勤的改革和发展。 相似文献
11.
Michael Young Ross Kingwell John Young Phil Vercoe 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》2020,64(3):677-699
A strategic question facing many mixed enterprise broadacre farm businesses in Australia is, ‘What sheep flock size and structure is most profitable to complement the farm’s cropping enterprises?' This study answers this question for a typical large mixed enterprise farm business in a key production region of Australia. Whole‐farm bioeconomic modelling, combined with broad‐ranging sensitivity analysis, is used to examine the profitability of different sheep flock structures and sizes. We find the most profitable flock structure is to run Merino ewes and turn off finished Merino or first‐cross lambs. The profitable selection of these flocks is robust to commodity price variation but does require the farmer to give more attention to sheep management. The correct choice of flock structure greatly adds to farm profit. A farm based on cropping and a self‐replacing Merino flock using surplus ewes for first‐cross, meat lamb production earns 33 per cent more profit than a similar farm that runs a traditional self‐replacing Merino flock that emphasises wool production. Of far less importance than flock structure, as a source of additional profit, is to increase flock size or adjust cropping intensity. 相似文献
12.
Michael Young;John Young;Ross S. Kingwell;Philip E. Vercoe; 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》2024,68(1):44-59
The trade-off between accuracy and complexity is a common issue faced in farm systems analysis. To provide insights into the importance of representing weather-year sequence in farm modelling, two whole-farm optimisation models are constructed and applied to a mixed enterprise farming system in a subregion of Western Australia. The frameworks are (i) four-stage single-sequence stochastic programming with recourse (4-SPR) to capture weather-year variation and management tactics tailored to each weather-year and (ii) eight-stage multi-sequence stochastic programming with recourse (8-SPR) to outline weather-year sequences and management tactics tailored to particular weather-year sequences. Results show that single-year stochastic programming generates similar expected profit and strategic management as multi-year stochastic programming. However, optimal tactical farm management is affected by the outcome of the previous year. Tactical decision-making in response to the outcome of the preceding weather-year increases profitability by 14%. Technology changes over the last decade, particularly the increase in computer speed and computational power, increase the ease of construction and application of the 4-SPR and 8-SPR frameworks. Nonetheless, choosing which framework is best to apply to a particular issue or opportunity remains a challenge. 相似文献
13.
以国有林场森林资源可持续经营作为研究对象,分析可持续经营中存在的问题,提出了解决林地林权纠纷,落实山林权属;加强生态林建设与经营策略,提高森林质量,强化商品林经营的有效方法等方面的对策建议。 相似文献
14.
山区粮食安全的主要问题是粮源不足、收入偏低、物流不畅、信息迟缓、库存趋“零”及市场发育不完善,以“三小”(小集市、小作坊、小商贩)经营为主,粮食加工企业不进山,加工品流通效率低,难以应急。从粮食安全工作中存在的问题出发,把完善保障制度建设和工作措施作为切入点,为进一步加强新时期我国山区粮食安全保障工作制度提供一些政策性对策与建议。 相似文献
15.
Glyn Wittwer David T. Vere Randall E. Jones Garry R. Griffith 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》2005,49(4):363-377
A recent analysis indicated that the direct financial cost of weeds to Australia's winter grain sector was approximately $A1.2bn in 1998–1999. Costs of this magnitude represent a large recurring productivity loss in an agricultural sector that is sufficient to impact significantly on regional economies. Using a multi‐regional dynamic computable general equilibrium model, we simulate the general equilibrium effects of a hypothetical successful campaign to reduce the economic costs of weeds. We assume that an additional $50m of R&D spread over five years is targeted at reducing the additional costs and reduced yields arising from weeds in various broadacre crops. Following this R&D effort, one‐tenth of the losses arising from weeds is temporarily eliminated, with a diminishing benefit in succeeding years. At the national level, there is a welfare increase of $700m in discounted net present value terms. The regions with relatively high concentrations of winter crops experience small temporary macroeconomic gains. 相似文献
16.
陈燕 《中国农业资源与区划》2017,38(6):178-183
[目的]利用IFE矩阵和EFE矩阵分析农产品绿色物流可持续发展的影响因素,依据战略管理理论,试图找到农产品绿色物流的可持续发展规律。[方法]文章以秦皇岛市为实证,收集近3年秦皇岛市农产品绿色物流和农业发展基本情况和农产品种类、产值等数据形式,分析得出影响农产品绿色物流可持续发展的诸多影响因素,构建IFE矩阵和EFE矩阵,使用德尔菲法确定各影响因素权重,再通过评分,计算出加权分数。[结果]秦皇岛农产品绿色物流发展的内部影响因素总分为2.858,外部影响因素总分为2.827,均高于平均分2.5分。其农产品绿色物流的可持续发展过程中内部优势大于劣势,外部机会大于威胁,具有积极向上的发展潜力。[结论]农产品绿色物流是低碳经济建设的重要环节及有效推动农业可持续发展的关键,针对秦皇岛市农产品绿色物流的SWOT分析发现,优势大于劣势、机遇大于胁迫。 相似文献
17.
Linmei Shang Jifeng Wang David Schäfer Thomas Heckelei Juergen Gall Franziska Appel Hugo Storm 《Journal of Agricultural Economics》2024,75(1):235-260
Technological change co-determines agri-environmental performance and farm structural transformation. Meaningful impact assessment of related policies can be derived from farm-level models that are rich in technology details and environmental indicators, integrated with agent-based models capturing dynamic farm interaction. However, such integration faces considerable challenges affecting model development, debugging and computational demands in application. Surrogate modelling using deep learning techniques can facilitate such integration for simulations with broad regional coverage. We develop surrogates of the farm model FarmDyn using different architectures of neural networks. Our specifically designed evaluation metrics allow practitioners to assess trade-offs among model fit, inference time and data requirements. All tested neural networks achieve a high fit but differ substantially in inference time. The Multilayer Perceptron shows almost top performance in all criteria but saves strongly on inference time compared to a Bi-directional Long Short Term Memory. 相似文献
18.
以河南省黄楝树国有林场为例,分析设计了"无景点"旅游背景下林场开发管理模式,认为在"无景点"旅游背景下,旅游者随意选择目的地的行为给景观生态系统带来了很大的负面影响;提出了发展大旅游的理念,对林区及其周围区域进行统一规划和管理,采用政府主导、林场管理、居民参与,无门票经营的模式,打造全领域景观,在满足"无景点"旅游者休闲需求,带动周围农业及第三产业发展的同时,促进森林生态系统保护。 相似文献
19.
论文阐述了食品冷链物流中心的概念和特点,从管理学的角度出发、利用系统工程的思想和SWOT分析法等,通过对京客隆生鲜食品冷链物流中心进行战略分析的基础上,从商业运作模式及功能定位、标准作业流程、硬件设施及物流信息系统四个方面对其进行统筹规划,并从作业流程、运作管理和衔接整合三个大方向给出了一些加强食品冷链物流中心统筹规划的措施和建议,最后总结并对京客隆的未来发展做进一步展望。 相似文献
20.
广东省国有天井山林场可持续经营模式研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文在调查研究基础上 ,全面回顾了国有天井山林场大办小水电的创业历程 ,系统总结了天井山林场的经营模式 ,旨在探索国有林场集约化可持续经营之路。 相似文献