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本文研究具有两个不同消费级别的两家酒店在完全信息条件下收益管理的单期静态博弈.讨论了酒店分别在竞争与合作两种情况下,对于低价房间预留数目的设定策略.在竞争情况下,证明了纳什均衡唯一解的存在性.在合作情况下,分析了两酒店的节省成本及目标函数的凹性.在合作情况下,提出了使两酒店总收益大幅度提高的条件.最后,用一些算例(假设客房预定需求变量服从截断正态分布)分析了在每种情况下的酒店最优管理方案. 相似文献
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使用博弈论的理论和方法 ,分析了创新企业中创新者与非创新者的剩余效益分配的方式与两者努力程度的关系 ,给出了完全信息情况下静态的Nash均衡解和动态的子博弈精炼Nash均衡解。并从企业收益的角度 ,证明了动态情况下的企业收益大于静态时的收益 ;并给出了在满足一定条件下 ,创新者先行动会使企业收益优于非创新者先行动时企业的收益 相似文献
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Mehmet Bac 《Group Decision and Negotiation》2001,10(3):237-251
This paper presents a negotiation model that includes value creation. It shows that creative negotiation efforts tend to intensify toward the deadline, and that the deadline is determined endogenously by the tension between two motives, creating more value and claiming from existing value. When the parties can present misleading offers in order to claim rather than create value, the outcome in early negotiation rounds may display an impasse where any proposal is rejected without inspection, while negotiation activities such as value creation through sincere offers and inspection of clauses intensify toward the deadline. 相似文献
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Meng-Fen Yen Ruohan Wu 《The journal of international trade & economic development》2019,28(6):712-731
We explore how public investment in commercial infrastructure affects the composition of trade between countries. To this end, we develop a model of bilateral trade in which two countries produce, consume, and trade a continuum of goods. Goods are produced by a single homogeneous factor, labor, the productivity of which depends on the quality of the country’s commercial infrastructure, broadly conceived to encompass transportation, communication, and power transmission networks; regulatory and legal institutions; and basic research and educational systems. Countries may improve the quality of their commercial infrastructures through increased public investment. However, returns on these investments are constrained by fixed ‘natural’ endowments, with the better-endowed country enjoying greater labor productivity for a given level of public investment. We begin by analyzing optimal investment in public infrastructure in one country when public investment by the trading partner is fixed. We find that, ceteris paribus, greater public investment in commercial infrastructure raises general labor productivity, leading to gains in workers’ real income. We then analyze a non-cooperative game in which both countries strategically vary public investment in commercial infrastructure. We find that, in a Nash game, the better-endowed country optimally spends more on infrastructure and produces the goods requiring the greatest labor productivity. However, in a Stackelberg game, the results are ambiguous. An empirical analysis based on recent international trade data supports our theoretical finding that investment in public infrastructure is positively related to the export of ‘high-end’ goods. 相似文献
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本文以流通渠道中的生产商和零售商为研究对象,基于完美信息的连续策略博弈,建立了双方的纳什均衡模型。研究结果表明,直接渠道对于生产商最为有利,其次为生产商主导的混合渠道、零售商主导的混合渠道和间接渠道;而对于零售商恰好相反。文章最后对研究结论进行了验证,并对中国流通业的发展现状进行了反思。 相似文献
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部分国外厂商对其所产同种产品在大陆市场和欧美市场使用区别性政策,对大陆市场实行“质量歧视”。究其原因,主要包括国内厂商所产替代品不能有效满足消费者需求等。为消除“质量歧视”现象,必须加强企业管理水平和科技创新能力,从根本上提升我国产品的竞争能力,提高政府质量监督管理水平,改善监管制度体系,全面建立和完善社会诚信机制和维权机制。 相似文献
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跨企业知识共享博弈分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在阐述跨企业知识共享对于企业重要性的基础上,运用博弈分析方法,分析企业与企业之间知识共享过程,求得子博弈精炼纳什均衡解,从而得到促使企业间进行知识共享的条件,并分析知识共享收益、成本及企业学习能力对知识共享条件的影响,实现知识共享各方利益的最大化。 相似文献
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梁庆艳 《商业经济(哈尔滨)》2012,(23)
由于高空抛物侵权责任实际上是侵权人与无辜第三人之间的博弈,通过博弈论这一法经济学分析方法对高空抛物侵权责任进行分析,将无辜第三人分为侵权人之外的可能加害的建筑物使用人和物业公司两种,通过两者的优势比较得出的结论是物业公司赔偿方案比现行高空抛物侵权责任立法更有效率。 相似文献
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供应链企业的均衡策略:基于完全竞争市场下的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
供应链节点企业如何协同合作、合作到什么合适的程度才能实现共赢,是供应链管理的关键问题。以消费者的反需求曲线为基础,利用博弈分析理论和方法,基于单一制造商、多个供应商和消费者构成的供应链系统,探讨了供应商和制造商合作与非合作博弈情形下,如何选择最优策略的问题,并得出三个重要结论。 相似文献
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供应链企业间存在着信用风险问题,上下游企业供应商和销售商之间在赊销方面进行着相互的利益博弈。由于信息的不完全性,这种博弈是一种不完全信息博弈。通过对此博弈的分析可以深层次把握影响供应链信用风险的各种成因,降低不诚信销售商通过违约所带来的收益、提高供应商调查的概率和调查成功的概率,降低检查成本、加强供应链企业诚信教育等是治理供应链信用风险的有效措施。 相似文献
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Debarshi Das 《The journal of international trade & economic development》2013,22(4):527-540
Due to persistent unemployment, peasant families in developing countries tend to employ more labour on the leased in land plots than a capitalist would. In labour surplus societies, therefore, landlords may earn higher surplus from leasing out land than from self-cultivation. By endogenising disguised unemployment this paper shows that greater power and unity of landlords and conservative social norms may explain the persistence of share tenancy in developing economies. 相似文献
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Guanxing Fu;Paul P. Hager;Ulrich Horst; 《Mathematical Finance》2024,34(4):1123-1166
We consider a novel class of portfolio liquidation games with market drop-out (“absorption”). More precisely, we consider mean-field and finite player liquidation games where a player drops out of the market when her position hits zero. In particular, round-trips are not admissible. This can be viewed as a no statistical arbitrage condition. In a model with only sellers, we prove that the absorption condition is equivalent to a short selling constraint. We prove that equilibria (both in the mean-field and the finite player game) are given as solutions to a nonlinear higher-order integral equation with endogenous terminal condition. We prove the existence of a unique solution to the integral equation from which we obtain the existence of a unique equilibrium in the MFG and the existence of a unique equilibrium in the N-player game. We establish the convergence of the equilibria in the finite player games to the obtained mean-field equilibrium and illustrate the impact of the drop-out constraint on equilibrium trading rates. 相似文献
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在全球经济一体化的总框架内,国家间的贸易活动更加频繁,商业关系日益复杂,国际商务谈判成为跨国贸易交往中不可或缺的重要环节。如何能更好地融合不同文化背景的人进行国际商务谈判,解决文化差异将是谈判的一个关键部分。本文首先对关于文化差异对国际商务谈判影响的相关文献进行简单搜集和整理,然后从文化差异产生的原因及类型、文化差异如何影响商务谈判以及相应的应对策略这三个方面进行分析和阐述。 相似文献
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For each assignment market, an associated bargaining problem is defined and some bargaining solutions to this problem are analyzed. For a particular choice of the disagreement point, the Nash solution and the Kalai–Smorodinsky solution coincide and give the midpoint between the buyers-optimal core allocation and the sellers-optimal core allocation, and thus they belong to the core. 相似文献
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Jehoshua Eliashberg Stéphane Gauvin Gary L. Lilien Arvind Rangaswamy 《Group Decision and Negotiation》1992,1(3):243-267
We test the relative effectiveness of alternative preparation aids in the context of an international negotiation. We consider three forms of training: reading material, a course on negotiation, and an expert system (NEGOTEX) expressly designed to train negotiators. We conducted a laboratory experiment involving 66 pairs of negotiators—one of each pair being American and the other Chinese. Results suggest that in this context, the course had the greatest effect on performance, followed by NEGOTEX, and then followed by reading material. In addition, we found that training effects were additive: multiple forms of training lead to better results than individual forms of training, suggesting that (1) training forms complement and do not substitute for one another, and (2) multiple forms of training should be considered, especially when stakes are high. 相似文献