本刊编排格式对“表”的要求

鉴于不少作者对我刊的编排格式不太熟悉而多有问者,且不规范的格式大大增加我编辑部的工作量,下面对表格的要求做出说明。对表格的要求：表格应有自明性。表格大小合适;尽量使用三线表。1）表格中不出现“%”及单位等,应将其放在栏目中,如栏目“百分比/%”,“速度/（m·s-1）”。如果表格中所有栏目的数据单位一样,则可以将单位放在表格顶线上方的右边且右空1个字。2）表格中出现的“空白项”、“—”和“0”应注意区分不同含义。根据国标G 7713—1987规定：“表内‘空白’代表未测或无此项,     

水利工程“纵断点成果表”基于AutoLISP二次开发与应用

基于AutoLISP语言,经过对AutoCAD进行二次开发,实现"纵断点成果表"在AutoCAD中自动绘制表格,同时将表格中的数字或文字添加到对应的表格中,实现一键制表。为在南方CASS7. 1中绘制轴线图奠定了基础,实现定线测量"纵断点成果表"的数字化。     

北人富士商用轮转式表格印刷机的应用

商用表格印刷机是专为生产表格印刷品而制造的机器。80年代,商用表格印刷机主要是用于印刷税单、支票、奖券、收据、账单、信息记录纸等票据表格;90年代以来,随着商业的兴旺发达和市场经济的需求,表格印刷品的种类不断扩大,逐渐超出了一般商业、金融流通范围,被应用在外贸、交通运输、邮电、医疗卫生、科研、服务等行业。商用表格印刷机除能生产各种票据、信息记录纸外,还在不干胶标签、可折叠的包装材料、手册、彩色广告等方面得到应用。商用表格印刷的承印材料非常广泛,除纸张外还能印刷塑料薄膜,金属箔、层压材料等。     

投影寻踪模型在农田水利发展评估中的应用

为客观综合评估区域农田水利发展现状,从而科学优化农田水利发展方向,文章基于投影寻踪模型并结合遗传算法理论实现对最优投影方向及其投影值的推求。应用实例表明,投影寻踪模型在农田水利发展评估中具有较强适用性,研究可为农田水利建设评估提供决策依据。     

商业表格印刷机的现状与发展

自本世纪七十年代起,商业表格印刷机随着计算机网络的逐步推广而发展起来,现已成为印刷设备家族中一个重要的分支。随着市场需求的发展和多种新技术的普及应用,过去单一的商业表格印刷,已扩展到彩色商业广告、不干胶商标、票证标牌等方面。这些新的需求也使商业表格印刷机不断出现新的变化。此外,数字印刷技术也开始在商业表格印刷中使用。商业表格印刷机主要可分为联动式和组合式两大类型。     

创建两票星级管理体系

两票星级管理的核心是管理制度化，制度表格化、表格轨道化和信息化     

基于光子计数探测器的CT系统在蒙特卡罗模拟平台的实现

为了解决利用Matlab,C++等软件对投影图像、重建算法的模拟无法真实反映CT系统的成像过程的问题,在研究模拟理论的基础上,首先利用Geant4和Gate数据包搭建蒙特卡罗模拟平台;然后通过光子计数探测器模拟多能谱CT成像,同时分析在不同标准下的阈值划分对重建图像的影响,利用光子计数探测器同时扫描出多个不同能段下的投影图像,并对比出各个能段下的投影效果;其次,根据不同能段的划分,选取每个能段的360度下的投影数据,利用FBP算法重建投影切片图像;最后,对所得到的切片图像进行材料区分,得到硫和铝的衰减系数曲线。实验结果表明,模拟方法对光子计数探测器的成像过程做出了模拟,得到了较好的模拟图像,并给出了相关阈值的划分依据,可为其他CT成像研究提供参考。     

图表制作的标准化方法

插图和表格是科技论文写作中常用的重要辅助手段，而目前其使用不够标准、规范，根据对作者论文进行编辑加工的经验，结合有关标准、规范，提出了插图的规范化制作方法及建议，表格的规范化制作方法及建议。     

CAD与赤平极射投影法在边坡稳定分析中的应用

在露天矿边坡稳定性分析时,可根据边坡内结构面和边坡形态的空间组合关系,利用赤平极射投影法对其稳定性进行初步分析,确定可能的滑塌模式及滑塌范围。通过对赤平极射投影法原理的介绍,以平面投影为例,分析对比了传统画法与CAD图解法的过程,表明CAD图解法作图效率更高。结合具体工程实例应用,证明了该方法在边坡稳定性分析中具有良好的实用性。     

ExceL2000在工程造价管理中的应用

ExceL是美国微软公司推出的office系列软件中的一款电子表格软件,主要用来管理、组织和处理各种各样的数据。ExceL2000是微软公司新近推出的版本,它在数据计算、文字编辑、图形编辑和排版输出方面的功能非常强大,还能用VBA(VisualBasicforApplication)对数据表进行编程计算。因此,我们可以利用ExceL2000在工程造价管理方面发挥它的卓越功能。一、用ExceL2000编制定额单位估价表定额单位估价表主要是由文字、数字和表格组成。尤其是表格的组成和表格中数字的计算关系比较复杂。采用FoxPro数据库软件或其它一些大型数据库软件编程计算…     

Pricing strategies that adjust to inflation

Recently, the inflation rate has moved to significantly higher levels than most firms anticipated. The firms' errors in projecting the inflation rate proved costly to many—especially those with long-term contracts to deliver at a fixed price. This experience has led many firms to consider alternatives to fixed price contracts. This article addresses alternative contractural forms and develops the economic principle to be employed in designing the optimal contractual arrangement.     

Population and labour force projections for agricultural planning

Population plays a major part in determining labour supply and the agricultural population is a particularly important population segment in developing countries. After examining the framework for projecting the agricultural population the authors look at the assumptions behind previous projections. They examine alternative methods that appear to be applicable in a wide variety of circumstances taking into account the limited data availability in many countries. Future work should move from the analysis of past trends of demographic variables to methods based on relationships between demographic variables and economic and social variables.     

Pretest Market Models: A Critical Evaluation

Pretest marketing models are increasingly being used by consumer products firms for evaluating new products prior to test market. The reasons for this are many, but include considerations of cost, risk, and fear of premature competitive disclosure. Allan Shocker and William Hall discuss the concept of a pretest market and assess its value. They contrast and critically evaluate four of the most frequently used models for projecting pretest market results. The strengths and limits of these models complement each other and provide useful additions to available methods for predicting new product performance and for refining marketing plans prior to test marketing.     

The food system transformation in developing countries: A disaggregate demand analysis for fruits and vegetables in Vietnam

Food systems in developing countries are currently undergoing a rapid transformation towards high-value products and modern supply chains. While supply side aspects of this transformation have been analyzed previously, issues of consumer demand have received much less attention. This article analyses demand patterns for fresh fruits and vegetables in Vietnam, using household survey data and a demand systems approach. Demand for products from modern supply chains – particularly supermarkets and non-traditional imports – is highly income elastic, and the income effect is stronger than the impact of prices and supermarket penetration. This highlights the importance of considering demand side aspects when projecting future trends. Our results imply a continued restructuring of the food sector in the further process of economic development.     

由三维模型到二维投影

利用AutoCAD的三维模型,在AutoCAD的图纸布局中设置浮动视口,将三维模型向不同的投影面进行投影,然后使用Solprof,Solview,Soldraw命令提取三维模型的投影轮廓线并做适当的编辑操作,可以生成三维模型的二维投影图———视图与剖视图。用这种方法获得的二维投影图与三维模型之间存在着内在的联系,所以投影正确,避免了直接作二维投影图时容易产生多余或遗漏图线的现象,具有作图效率高、不易产生投影错误的优点。     

A mathematical model for projecting the demand for scientists and technologists in national R & D institutes

This paper presents an analytical framework for man-power planning which is being developed as an aid to projecting the demand for scientists and technologists in India. It is presented in the hope that it might be of interest to people concerned with this issue In other developing countries. In using the model the main problem is that of measuring the output in the R & D institutes. In attempting this it is inevitable that some degree of subjective judgment is involved. The method adopted is described in the paper, and using a very simple input—output type of matrix and data taken from five-year plans, some preliminary results have been obtained which enable an assessment to be made of the demand for various kinds of scientists and technologists in the national R & D institutes in India.     

An analytical framework for making long -term projections of undernourishment: A case study for agriculture in Mali

A framework is developed for projecting the effects of policy, technological and environmental change on the prevalence of undernourishment in a country. This is done by integrating the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) methodology for estimating the proportion of undernourished population in a country into a stochastic economic agricultural sector modeling framework. The resultant framework considers the implications of climatic fluctuations, resource limitations and degradation, demographic pressure, market dynamics, adoption of improved cultivars, and cropland expansion. Such a unified framework provides a rich accounting of the factors surrounding macro level food supply and undernourishment as well as results on the regional distribution of undernourishment in face of climatic risk and regional characteristics.The framework is applied to Mali evaluating a number of alternative options for reducing undernourishment. We find that the Malian agriculture does have a significant potential for reducing undernourishment by 2015.     

Moving toward the EU or the Middle East? An assessment of alternative Turkish foreign policies utilizing the GTAP framework

This paper assesses the new orientation in Turkish foreign policy towards the Arab world by analyzing the potential impact of Turkey’s membership in either the European Union (EU) or the Greater Arab Free Trade Area (GAFTA). We utilize the most recent version of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) database, its global Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model, and the gravity border effect approach to estimate the ad-valorem tariff equivalents (AVEs) of non-tariff barriers (NTBs). In our overall analysis, we account for 24 various sectors. However, in our evaluation, we focus primarily on the food and agricultural sectors because this sector is characterized by high tariff and non-tariff protection. In the CGE simulation analysis, we consider the removal of tariffs and NTBs simultaneously. After projecting the GTAP framework to 2020, we conclude that Turkey would gain unambiguously from EU membership, whereas Turkey’s gains from GAFTA membership would be more limited. The paper also presents that the welfare gains from the removal of NTBs are of considerable importance and would generally be greater than the gains stemming from the elimination of import tariffs.     

Diffusion and usage of public e-services in Europe: An assessment of country level indicators and drivers

We analyze the state of the art of indicators on e-government, e-health, e-procurement and e-participation. We survey the main methodological properties of these indicators, and highlight their heuristic potential. Further, we address empirically the issue of the explanation of the availability scores, i.e. how the supply of the various e-services in each country is affected by political, institutional and socio-economic differences, and is followed by actual usage. The econometric analysis uncovers the importance of broadband penetration and higher education as drivers for most of the types of e-services and users (citizens and businesses). Moreover, a corruption-free and agile public sector proves to be an important pre-condition for more effective supply and usage. Despite data limitations and the complexity of the underlying diffusion phenomena, our study is the first truly longitudinal contribution aimed at disentangling the common drivers of such an important phenomenon – the e-services availability and usage across European countries. As such, this work appears useful to inform the policy debate and practice, in a phase characterized by a prospective reorientation of the public e-services provision and policy agenda.     

The locating of emotion within a creative, learning and product orientated design and technology experience: person, process, product

Within this paper, a conceptualised triadic schema is hypothesised for locating emotion within a creative, learning and product orientated Design and Technology experience. The research is based upon an extensive literature review that has been synthesised and juxtaposed with the broad aspirational aims of the subject. The schema, based upon abductive reasoning and grounded theory, ultimately conceptualises the overarching theme of emotion within a creative, learning and product orientated Design and Technology experience within the Primary and Secondary stages of England’s education system. The triadic schema offers an additional opportunity in meta-theorising how the broad aspirational aims of the subject, as outlined in the English national curriculum statement of importance for Design and Technology, can be achieved through recognising the powerful overarching concept of emotion within three emerging domains: Person, Process and Product. The central tenet of this paper is the recognition of emotion within a triadic schema for meta-theorising the place of emotion within a creative, learning and product orientated Design and Technology experience. David Spendlove was previously a senior teacher in secondary education before moving into Higher Education and is now the subject leader for Design and Technology at the University of Manchester. He co-edits both Design and Technology Education: An international Journal and the DATA international research conference proceedings. He is a director of the Design and Technology Association and his research interests are broadly based around learning, pedagogy, creativity, emotion and gender.