认知忠诚和情感忠诚的消费者行为研究

长期以来,人们总是把忠诚当成真正忠诚的代名词,甚至在忠诚与完全忠诚之间划上了等号。然而,那些围绕在我们身边的朋友,那些在买卖关系中声称是你永远忠诚伙伴的合作者．当真是真情所在吗？Oliver早在1997年就把顾客忠诚划分为认知忠诚、情感忠诚、意向忠诚和行为忠诚四种。但过去的研究却忽略了用细分的忠诚去预测消费者的行为。为了揭示认知忠诚和情感忠诚消费者忠诚度和购买份额之间存在的差异．作者以中国酒店行业为抽样对象．以客户关系赢回管理为背景．通过对认知忠诚和情感忠诚顾客的忠诚度和购买份额绝对量的比较．以及两种忠诚与购买份额之间关系拟合的函数曲线形状来预测和评估消费者的行为倾向。研究结果表明．对供应商而言情感忠诚消费者比认知忠诚消费者的忠诚度更高,购买份额更多,维持时间更长;对厂商而言情感忠诚比认知忠诚具有更高获利价值。因此．能否有效地区分认知忠诚和情感忠诚行为对企业的营销实践具有重要的现实意义．     

基于行为和态度的顾客多忠诚研究

顾客多忠诚是现实中普遍存在的现象。本文以行为学习理论和认知失调理论为支撑,从行为和态度两个维度重新审视了顾客多忠诚,在对其进行明确界定的基础上,采用日记式(Diary Study)方法调查了51名被试者28天的餐厅选择。结果发现,被试者在餐厅选择上的确呈现出了多忠诚、单一忠诚和无忠诚;对相同几个餐厅多忠诚的顾客,其忠诚得分也并非完全相同。研究结果对指导营销者利用顾客忠诚进行市场细分和顾客关系管理具有重要的参考价值。     

欧洲油品零售业的新型顾客"忠诚方案"

近十几年来,传统的“忠诚方案”（loyalty schemes)在欧洲油品零售业中得到了广泛推行但随着市场环境及顾客需求的变化、顾客对传统“忠诚方案”的忠诚度在日益下降。新型“忠诚方案”奉行“以稳定顾客为基础、以获得更大回报为目标,以提高供给和服务品质为途径”的三大原则,根据电子数据库信息对顾客进行分类,并把工作的重点放在潜在的、能增加销售量的“有价值”的顾客上,通过分析顾客消费模式,改变顾客消费行为、来改善加油站与顾客之间的关系。具体而言,增加顾客对加油站的平均贡献价值、增加顾客光顾加油站的频率、提高顾客对加油站非油商品的购买是新型“忠诚方案”所采用的三种主要方式“俱乐部卡”等的推出也成为对新型顾客“忠诚方案”的一种尝试。     

打造顾客忠诚五策略

顾客对专业的服务供应商的忠诚度如何？受访中近50％的人都表示无所谓忠诚不忠诚。他们的言下之意就是。在某些情况下，他们会毫不犹豫地更换供应商。获取顾客忠诚比以往更加艰难了，但是对顾客来说，与熟悉的、称职的供应商打交道，要更容易一些，认知成本更低一些，取得预期收益的成本也要更低一些。所以，专业的服务供应商如果采取合适的策略，是能将顾客的这种无所谓态度转化成顾客忠诚的。     

价格促销与D＆B忠诚模式关联实证研究

顾客赢回管理概念模型包括价格促销策略，顾客感知（价格敏感、信任和情感），算计性承诺和顾客忠诚（真正忠诚、表面忠诚、潜在忠诚和不忠诚）等变量。研究目的是考查价格促销．算计性承诺和顾客忠诚之间的关系。研究数据来源于中国酒店行业（N=1074）。研究发现，价格促销导致顾客价格敏感，淡化了顾客对厂商的信任、情感等内在动机．并对顾客的忠诚形成有负面影响：研究揭示了价格促销策略使厂商陷入进退两难困境的深层次根源：研究对指导管理者采取恰当的赢回策略开展流失顾客的赢回管理具有借鉴和参考价值。     

如何提高品牌忠诚度?

品牌忠诚是从消费者的心理层面人手,通过建立消费者和品牌之间的情感纽带及信任关系,以达到良好的市场效果.目前国内服装企业仍面临一些问题,比如没有深刻理解品牌忠诚的含义,认为品牌忠诚就是进行重复购买;不知如何构建品牌忠诚度等.服装品牌的品牌忠诚度受哪些关键性因素影响?基于对上海200名18-30岁消费者的调研,我们对于提高品牌忠诚度提出以下建议.     

顾客满意与企业效益

介绍了顾客满意研究的基本内容，分析了顾客满意与顾客心理、顾客满意与顾客忠诚以及顾客忠诚与企业利润之间的关系，特别强调，企业在实施顾客满意管理时应综合考虑顾客心理、忠诚度、利润、经营策略等因素才能实现企业的战略目标。     

电子商务环境下培养顾客忠诚度的策略分析

顾客是企业利润的真正源泉,维护和提高顾客忠诚度是企业生存和发展的根本所在。本文对电子商务环境下顾客忠诚的障碍因素及驱动因素进行分析,阐述网络营销中培养顾客忠诚的策略。     

从满意走向忠诚的客户关系管理

管理学大师彼得·德鲁克曾说过,商业的惟一目的就是创造消费者.在今天这样一个产品丰富、收入提高的时代,顾客无疑具有重要的发言权,谁了解顾客,谁拥有顾客,谁留住顾客,谁就是最大的赢家.当前,随着生产技术不断改进,产品种类琳琅满目,服务方式推陈出新,客户期望越来越高,市场竞争异常激烈,要想在竞争中获得一席之地就必须要建立与客户的良好关系,有自己的忠诚客户.     

忠诚管理是否能行通

■文化的演绎与传承,将忠诚不仅成为个人理想中崇高品质的化身,更成为中国传统组织文化中处理小我和大我、个人与组织之间关系的基本道德法则。■忠诚管理本质上是价值观的管理,忠诚管理的最核心是创造一个“忠诚为立人兴企之德”的信念,突出全员“命运、利益、责任、情感、作为”五层“共同体”关系的忠诚文化体系。     

Experience as a moderator of involvement and satisfaction on brand loyalty in a business-to-business setting 02-314R

This paper examines the relative influence of two key antecedents of brand loyalty—satisfaction and involvement and the moderating role of experience, using a sample of business buyers. The central argument of this paper is that the strength of the effect of these variables on attitudinal brand loyalty will vary with the level of customer experience with purchasing the service. Building on previous research which examined low-risk, customer product settings [Kim, J., Lim, J.S., & Bhargava, M. (1998). The role of affect in attitude formation: A classical conditioning approach. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science 26 (2): pp. 143-152; Shiv, B., & Fedorikhin, A. (1999). Heart and mind in conflict: The interplay of affect and cognition in consumer decision-making. Journal of Consumer Research 26: 278], this study shows that for a high-risk setting, involvement with the service category will be more dominant in its influence on brand loyalty than satisfaction with the preferred brand. Furthermore, it was found that experience moderated the influence of involvement and satisfaction on attitudinal brand loyalty for a high-risk business-to-business service. This study provides new insights into the theory and practice of buyer behavior and business-to-business brands.     

品牌忠诚驱动因素的区域差异分析

本文实证研究中国不同区域间消费者品牌忠诚驱动因素的差异。先根据社会经济发展水平将中国市场分为时尚之都、相对成熟区、新兴区和老少边穷区四个细分市场．然后研究不同区域间消费者品牌忠诚驱动因素的差异。研究结果显示，在现代性水平较高的区域．象征性和体验性价值对促成品牌忠诚起主要作用；而在现代性水平较低区域．功能性价值成为品牌忠诚的主要驱动因素。这一研究结论有助于深入理解中国这个新兴大市场的多样化消费行为．对企业制定差异化品牌策略具有重要参考价值。     

Is customer loyalty vulnerability-based? An empirical study of a Chinese capital-intensive manufacturing industry

Through cooperation, firms can work together to collectively enhance their performance by sharing resources so as to achieve complementary synergism; while assuring their own self interests by adapting some opportunistic tasks simultaneously to gain benefits. There are few studies on the key but hidden reality of relationship vulnerability — i.e., the dynamic process of both creating relationship value and making sacrifices. We aim to empirically investigate the dimensions of a vulnerability-based relationship (complementary synergism and opportunism) and its link with customer loyalty. A framework is proposed in order to give a new dynamic tool in understanding and implementing effective customer loyalty strategies. Our findings revealed that the level of a vulnerability-based relationship is reflected by the high levels of flexible customization, relationship-specific bonding, coercive integration, buyer idiosyncratic investment and a low level of self-interest seeking. A vulnerability-based relationship also has a positive impact on loyalty. Managerial implications of our study are described.     

The effect of social conflict on relationship loyalty in business markets

This study examines the impact of perceived social conflict on existing buyer-seller relationships. The results indicate that as the level of social conflict increases, perceptions about the loyalty of the relationship decrease. Perceived importance of the relationship had no impact on conflict or relationship loyalty. Ramifications of these findings for selling, sales management, and sales training are discussed.     

Customer attitudes of stayers and defectors in B2B services: Are they really different?

Identifying attitudinal differences between stayers and defectors is important in establishing a deeper understanding of customer satisfaction and loyalty research. Both managers and academics often use global customer attitudes, such as customer satisfaction and behavioral intentions, as determinants of customer loyalty. The implicit assumption is that customer satisfaction and/or behavioral intentions are valid, and accurate, predictors of actual loyalty behaviors. This study compares customer attitudes of stayers and defectors in B2B services using respondents (primary decision makers) from a Fortune 100 company. The results show that the commonly used customer metrics of service quality, satisfaction, and behavioral intentions have some differences between stayers and defectors. However, these metrics are shown to be relatively weak differentiators of actual customer defection. The stayers and defectors are much more similar, than different, on most metrics. The most notable difference is price perceptions, where defectors appear to be more price sensitive than stayers. These findings have significant implications for the design and use of customer-focused research by managers.     

Brand stability as a signaling phenomenon — An empirical investigation in industrial markets

The present study investigates the interplay between brand stability and customers' response toward the brand in an industrial buying context. Based on an information economic perspective, the authors develop a conceptual framework that incorporates perceived brand stability, risk reduction, brand loyalty, and customers' willingness to pay a price premium. This framework is empirically tested based on a survey with one hundred and forty nine key informants from business units within the food industry. In order to analyze the proposed relationships, the authors employ structural equation modeling. The present research contributes to a deeper understanding of the role of brands in business-to-business contexts by highlighting the signaling effects of brands in an industrial buying context. Second, the present research empirically demonstrates that brand stability is a key factor to (1) reduce perceived risk, (2) build brand loyalty, and in turn (3) achieve a price premium.