东亚迈向进一步的一体化：地区组织与国际经济体系

一、引言 东亚人对国际经济体系看法上的巨变正成为通过区域性金融与贸易组织使东亚进一步一体化这个坚定目标的原因.1997-98年的金融危机以在暴露国际金融体系弱点的同时使东亚各国国内政策和制度的弱点一览无遗的方式造成了这一转变。许多东亚人认为,现存的国际金融体系在他们遭遇危机的时候,没有为他们开出适当的药方或在急需时提供援助。有鉴于此,东亚各国政府正在加强地区政策合作,并已开始发展区域性组织,以防止未来的金融危机并在万一发生危机时有能力控制危机。世贸组织(WIO)的无所作为更加强了这种对国际经济     

经济全球化需要公正的国际规则(二)

五、国际货币基金组织急需改革东亚金融危机持续一年多以后，国际货币基金组（IMF）承认，它为亚洲制定的解决金融危机的办法脱离实际。据韩国《东亚报》1998年9月15日报道，IMF承认，在没有充分掌握受援国金融状况的情况下，不恰当地要求它们实行过分的财政紧缩政策和金融改革，结果使这些国家的经济衰退剧。东亚和俄罗斯金融危机引起全球汇市和股市大动荡，导致世界经济增长速度明显放慢，引起国际社会和各国的注，在1998年9月联大和10月初举行的IMF和世界银行年会期间，与会代表集中讨论了如何解决金融危机以及国际金融机构和机制的…     

东亚金融危机对拉美经济的影响

东亚金融危机使拉美经济受到不小的影响。一些经济学家指出,如果没有东亚金融危机,１９９７年的拉美经济增长率将高达６％,而不会是５％。今年,据国际货币基金组织估计,将只能达到３２％。联合国拉美经委会认为,１９９８年拉美经济的增长率将从１９９７年的５％下...     

新兴经济体与后金融危机时代IMF改革

全球金融危机爆发之后,国际货币基金组织不成功的援助措施使各国要求加快其改革进程。同时国际金融体系也在危机后重组,新兴经济体作为新兴力量在世界经济格局中崛起。新兴经济体成为一支独立的联合力量,并在IMF改革中提出自身的主张,要求获得更多话语权。新兴经济体由于其强大的经济实力和发展中国家的支持,促使发达国家依赖其进行IMF改革。同时,新兴经济体在参与IMF改革中也面临发达国家的压力,综合实力对比与金砖国家之间关系均影响着新兴经济体的合作。     

美国缘何反对国际货币基金组织扩大援助贷款规模

20世纪90年代以来，发展中国家成了国际金融危机的多发中心(尽管危机的源头不一定全在这些国家)，危机不仅给发展中国家带来了巨大的经济损失，也给整个国际经济环境增添了许多变数，因此，国际金融体系的重构，尤其是国际货币基金组织(IMF)改革问题，便成了近20年来国际社会普遍关心的话题。在IMF贷款问题上，主张取消IMF的长期贷款业务，不主张扩大国际金融危机救助规模，是目前美国的主流观点。由于美国是当今国际金融体系中的“霸主”，其意见将直接左右着国际金融体制的改革走向，所以美国在国际金融机构改革上的一些观点值得发展中国家关注。     

保罗·克鲁格曼的新“新政”思想及其对美国经济政策的影响

为了拯救在金融危机中愈陷愈深的美国经济，新凯恩斯主义经济学家保罗·克鲁格曼找出危机的根源——不舍理的制度与规范导致的收入分化，并提出了新“新政”思想，内容包括扩大支出、建立全民医疗保障制度、暂时接管金融机构等。这为奥巴马政府提供了理论依据和政策导向。     

金融危机:演进历史与西方理论

国际金融危机的频繁发生对全球金融体系的稳定和世界经济增长构成了巨大的威胁,这引起了众多经济学家的关注。本文采用历史考察的方法,对20世纪30年代以来所发生的主要金融危机与已形成的代表性的金融危机理论进行系统总结,并提出了新一代金融危机理论可能的发展方向。     

东亚危机后政府何去何从——经济学家谈政府在经济发展中的作用

东亚危机后政府何去何从———经济学家谈政府在经济发展中的作用东亚金融危机发生后，究竟如何看待东亚奇迹、东亚模式、以及政府在经济发展中的作用，再次成为讨论的焦点。围绕着青木昌彦教授主编的《政府在东亚经济发展中作用：比较制度分析》一书的出版，吴敬琏教授主...     

金融危机下的中小企业财务管理

随着国际金融危机对实体经济的影响逐步显现,世界主要经济体的应对目标也从之前主要针对金融市场转向拯救实体经济。本文从金融危机下中小企业财务管理状况及原因分析出发,提出了相应的财务管理策略,旨在与同行探讨。     

1999年世界经济将继续增长

东亚和俄罗斯金融危机波及全球汇市和股市，影响世界经济n1998年．占世界总产值1／3以上的国家和地区经济陷入衰退，全球经济增长率将从上年的41％降至2％左右。1999年世界经济是陷入全面衰退还是继续缓慢增长，已引起国际社会的密切关注，各国都在进行调整和改革，做经济形势恶化的准备。关于近期世界经济走势，大体上有三种看法和预测：第一，认为世界经济将继续缓慢增长。国际货币基金组织（IMF）预测，1999年世界经济增长率可达25％，略高于上年的增幅；经济合作与发展组织问ecd）预测，如果国际金融市场趋于稳定，包括所有发达国家的…     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。