上海期货交易所的涨跌停板制度对波动性的影响

本文通过对上海期货交易所的三个品种的涨跌停板制度进行检验,检验方法为:从收益率所拟和的ARMA模型中滤出残差,进行波动率的GARCH模型回归。波动率模型中加入了哑元变量来体现涨停板对后一日波动的影响。实证结果显示,铜、铝、天然橡胶的涨跌停板本应显著地使收益率的波动率减小的作用未检验出,相反却得到涨停板使三个品种显著波动率增大的检验结果。是否需要扩大涨跌停板,提高市场效率?检验结果带给我们如何使涨跌停板制度趋于合理化的思考。     

带多个变点的逐段连续线性分位数回归模型及应用

研究目标：建立具有多个变点的逐段连续线性分位数回归模型（Continuous Piecewise Linear Quantile Regression with Multiple Change Points,CPLQR）。研究方法：先通过LASSO和广义贝叶斯信息准则确定变点个数,再通过线性化技巧来估计变点的位置与回归系数。研究发现：新方法能够同时确定变点个数、估计变点位置和回归系数,而且具有较强的稳健性;应用该方法于年龄和身体质量指数之间关系,进一步证实了模型的实用性。研究创新：新方法能够处理多个变点的问题,通过LASSO和广义贝叶斯信息准则确定变点数目,避免了主观判断的弊端;借助线性化技巧,解决了目标函数在变点处不可导问题。研究价值：本文结果将为分析经济、金融、医药和生物等学科中存在结构变化的数据提供强有力的研究工具。     

Instrumental variable quantile regression: A robust inference approach

In this paper, we develop robust inference procedures for an instrumental variables model defined by Y=D^′α(U)$Y=D^{\prime }\alpha (U)$ where D^′α(U)$D^{\prime }\alpha (U)$ is strictly increasing in U and U is a uniform variable that may depend on D but is independent of a set of instrumental variables Z. The proposed inferential procedures are computationally convenient in typical applications and can be carried out using software available for ordinary quantile regression. Our inferential procedure arises naturally from an estimation algorithm and has the important feature of being robust to weak and partial identification and remains valid even in cases where identification fails completely. The use of the proposed procedures is illustrated through two empirical examples.     

人力资本与产业结构转化对经济增长的效应分析

本文根据两部门经济增长模型,以1995~2009年中国29个省际数据为对象,运用分位数回归的方法考察了人力资本、产业结构对中国经济增长的影响。理论分析和实证研究均表明：人力资本对经济增长有显著的促进作用,且在条件分布的不同位置,这种作用存在明显差异;产业结构从传统产业向现代产业的转化也是经济增长的重要推动力;人力资本的经济增长效应受产业结构的影响,与人力资本相适应的产业结构转化可以优化人力资本的配置,提高人力资本的产出效率,有助于经济持续、快速地增长。     

Testing a parametric quantile-regression model with an endogenous explanatory variable against a nonparametric alternative

This paper is concerned with inference about a function g that is identified by a conditional quantile restriction involving instrumental variables. The paper presents a test of the hypothesis that g belongs to a finite-dimensional parametric family against a nonparametric alternative. The test is not subject to the ill-posed inverse problem of nonparametric instrumental variable estimation. Under mild conditions, the test is consistent against any alternative model. In large samples, its power is arbitrarily close to 1 uniformly over a class of alternatives whose distance from the null hypothesis is proportional to n^−1/2, where n is the sample size. Monte Carlo simulations illustrate the finite-sample performance of the test.     

我国物流业对经济增长作用的实证分析

在国际上,物流产业被誉为促进经济发展的＂加速器＂,并且将会积极健康地促进我国经济的发展。由于影响国内生产总值的因素有很多,既有数量因素,也有属性因素（虚拟变量）。文中基于这一思路展开,利用1982~2012年的数据,国内生产总值选取为被解释变量,表示我国经济发展水平,以农业增加值、工业增加值,货物周转量、虚拟变量作为解释变量,物流业的发展水平可以通过货物周转量表示,揭示了经济发展与物流业的相互关系。文中最后对物流业的进一步发展提出了政策建议。     

基于风险价值评估模型的供应链道德风险分析

企业与供应商合作存在信息不对称的情况,为有效的做出决策,企业根据道德风险的特征确定风险因子,建立价值评估模型,以供应商的历史表现为依据,进行道德风险价值评估,从而决定是与供应商合作,还是考虑采取预警、防范或其它相关措施.通过实例计算分析.说明理论方法的可行性和有效性.     

Supply chain finance and impacts of consumers’ sustainability awareness

Several new methods have been proposed for supply chain finance (SCF) with bank credits, but none of them mentions how to solve the borrowers’ moral hazard problems in SCF. This paper examines the moral hazard problem in supply chain financing with procurement contract (or purchase order). We show that since supply chain is an up-down directed structure, when financing with the procurement contract, the supplier’s effort monitoring task can be rendered to the procurement contract, which can secure the supplier’s optimal effort and capital choices in production. Hence, compared to separate lending, the supplier’s credit rationing problem can be mitigated, and most importantly, banks’ under-estimation on the supplier’s default risk and the over-estimation on the retailer’s default risk will both decrease. We further show that the retailer’s corporate social responsibility expenditure can increase consumers’ brand recognition, thus when facing demand shocks arising from consumer’s unexpected concerns, the retailer can better stabilize the firm value.     

客户信用管理理论在天然气营销中的应用

探讨了客户信用评价及管理的相关方法和理论,结合国内天然气市场的现状,提出了一种新的客户信用评价和管理的模式,并在实践中付诸应用,取得了良好的效果。客户信用管理体系的建立和应用,可为燃气市场的投资者、参与者、监管者提供一个有效的风险规避工具。     

The optimal capital structure of the firm with stable Lévy assets returns

This article builds a new structural default model under the assumption that a firm’s assets return follows a dynamics displaying jumps of both signs. In essence, we expand the work of Hilberink and Rogers (itself an extension of the Leland and Toft framework), which deals only with negative jumps. In contrast, we make use of stable Lévy processes, and we compute the values of the firm, debt and equity under this assumption. Theoretical credit spreads can also be obtained in our framework. They prove to be consistent with the empirical credit spreads observed in financial markets.      

Pricing basket spread options with default risk under Heston–Nandi GARCH models

In this paper, we investigate basket spread options under the Heston–Nandi GARCH model. Moreover, we adopt the reduced-form model to capture default risk, which is correlated with all underlying assets. Because of the nonexistence of the analytical fair values, we obtain a closed-form approximated pricing formula of basket spread options with default risk. Finally, we examine the accuracy of approximations and then use the proposed formulae to illustrate the effect of the number of the underlying assets and default risk as well.     

铁路企业本质安全管理体系建设研究

安全是铁路企业永恒的主题,加快建设和完善本质安全管理体系是确保企业安全的根本途径。文中结合以往本质安全管理体系建设的经验,阐述了本质安全管理体系建设的必要性、原则、目的,并在分析的基础上,以包神铁路公司本质安全管理体系建设为例,从危险源辨识、风险评估、本质安全管理体系文件编制、本质安全管理信息系统建设、本质安全管理体系运行五个方面探索出本质安全管理体系建设的方法,借此夯实安全管理基础,促进构建铁路企业安全管理长效机制,保障企业实现可持续发展。