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1.
张文明  陈丹  朱根  陈菁 《水利经济》2010,28(2):36-40
从社会资本角度定量研究农民灌溉水价支付意愿影响因素,采用信任指数和互助指数对社会资本进行量化,结合开放式和二分式问卷格式,改进了获得农民灌溉水价支付意愿相关数据的引导技术,并采用多元线性回归方法建立了农民灌溉水价支付意愿影响因素定量分析模型。以皂河灌区为研究区域,通过问卷调查收集基础数据,采用提出的模型分析了各因素对农民灌溉水价支付意愿的影响情况。结果表明:社会资本是影响农民灌溉水价支付意愿的重要因素之一;农户主要劳动力人数、耕地面积、供水及时性、管水者工作能力等因素对农民灌溉水价支付意愿也具有显著影响。灌溉水价的改革,应重视农民社会资本并提高灌区供水服务水平等。  相似文献   

2.
This article deals with the problem of item nonresponse in contingent valuation surveys using a payment-card method, by applying a grouped-data sample-selection estimation technique that is capable of imputing the missing values conditional upon a respondent's decision to answer a willingness-to-pay question. The advantage of the technique lies in its ability to utilize all of the information in the sample, permitting a more efficient estimation in the presence of item nonresponse bias. The major determinants of willingness to pay appear to be household income, number of children, education, perception of existing water quality, and identification with environmental issues.  相似文献   

3.
    
This paper investigates the effects on prices of nutrition and health claims for foodstuffs, in addition to other attributes, using fruit beverages as a case study. The model estimation is based on revealed purchasing behaviour for fruit beverages in the north‐east of Italy. Applying an hedonic price model, the price of a product is explained as a function of product attributes. The model estimate identifies the implicit retail‐market‐level price of specific attributes such as nutrition and health claims, ceteris paribus. Nutrition and health claims significantly affect retail prices. Our findings suggest that retail price response to nutrition and health claims differs in relation to other product attributes, showing a strong reduction of price variation among flavours when such benefits are claimed on the label.  相似文献   

4.
水产养殖生态系统为人类提供了巨大的生态服务价值,但也造成一定程度的环境污染。本文利用CVM方法调查了淀山湖区域居民对水产养殖系统环境损害成本的支付意愿。分析结果表明,只有23.5%的居民对解决水产养殖造成的淀山湖生态环境损害存在支付意愿。利用单边界两分式问卷调查发现,对于水产养殖生态系统的环境污染治理的平均支付意愿为15.92元/人·年。据此计算,淀山湖周边三镇水产养殖系统的环境损害成本为每年276.7万元。居民治理水产养殖环境污染的支付意愿受收入、性别等社会经济因素的影响。  相似文献   

5.
基于对北京市居民生活用水户访谈与问卷调查,对北京市的东城、西城、朝阳、海淀、丰台、石景山6个区的居民生活用水户的水价支付意愿进行抽样调查,采用Logistic回归模型分析供水服务满意程度、家庭对水费负担程度、对北京缺水的认知程度、对现行水价态度等影响居民水价支付意愿的主要因素,结果显示:26.6%的被调查户愿意支付比现行水价高的水价,73.4%的调查户不愿意支付比现行水价高的水价。分析表明:用户对供水服务态度满意度越高、水费占家庭收入比重越低、对北京市缺水现状了解越多,则居民的水价支付意愿就越强烈。建议根据影响因素分析结果区分不同的目标支付群体,制定完善的水价调整政策,加大宣传力度并加强对低收入人群的水价补贴工作,从而提高居民支付意愿。  相似文献   

6.
王艳红 《水利经济》2016,34(2):60-63
作为水利工程供水体系的重要环节,做好供水管理,对缓解水资源供需矛盾和保障供水安全起着至关重要的作用。基于对岳城水库供水现状的分析,对水利工程供水管理中存在的问题及成因进行了深入的探讨,提出了深刻理解做好供水管理工作对流域经济社会可持续发展的重要意义,以及规范用水秩序、提高岳城水库的供水保障能力,加快水价调整、促进节约用水和水资源合理配置,实行科学水价制度、保障工程效益的发挥的对策建议,以期实现流域水资源的可持续利用和经济社会的可持续发展。  相似文献   

7.
基于陕西省林业科技信息资源平台发展现状,利用因子分析和Logistic回归模型,深入剖析林农参与林业科技信息资源支付意愿及其影响因素。结果表明:受访林农中愿意为获取科技信息而支付意愿为53.6%,说明林农对于林业科技信息资源平台的接受程度比较高;受访者的经济来源、生产经营、认知情况、参与行为等4个因子变量对林农的参与行为具有显著影响,林农愿意支付与否主要取决于其经济水平。因此,提出增加科技投入,加强农村信息基础设施建设;加强林业科技信息资源平台队伍建设;大力发展农村经济,推进信息服务多样化;规范信息有效性,建立健全林业科技信息资源监督机制等建议。  相似文献   

8.
    
In Vietnam, the development of so‐called ‘modern’ vegetable supply chains is receiving considerable interest amongst researchers and governments. This interest partly stems from the view that enhancements in food safety can be achieved if farmers are willing to adopt supply chains that are often associated with ‘western’ forms of retailing. Our study investigates farmers’ willingness to change to two ‘modern’ alternatives – a supply model based on cooperatives and another based on investors facilitating the change. Using discrete choice data drawn from 412 farmers, mixed logit models in willingness to pay space are developed that reveal the relative importance of different drivers of change. The paper offers insights that can inform governments about the incentives required to bring about change. In addition, the paper illustrates the novel application of a choice experiment to enumerating the perceived costs of changes in vegetable supply chains.  相似文献   

9.
[目的]我国畜禽养殖业的飞速发展造成严重环境问题,尤其是对养殖场周围居民的生活和健康带来严重影响。研究养殖场周围居民对养殖场畜禽粪污治理效果属性的偏好与支付意愿,可以为科学评估环境治理的收益和合理确定污染治理的优先序提供依据,对畜禽粪污的资源投入进行合理配置。[方法]文章设计了一个包括居住环境空气状况、水质、人畜共患传染病、价格等属性的选择实验,以江苏省淮安市的养猪场周围129户居民调研数据为例,利用条件Logit模型测量了畜禽粪污资源化各属性的隐含价格和居民的补偿剩余。[结果]研究发现,居民对空气状况、水质、人畜共患传染病的支付意愿分别为39.89元/人、37.83元/人、7.68元/人,居民对气味和水质这两个环境属性的关注度较高且有较高的支付意愿,对降低人畜共患传染病的支付意愿最低,通过补偿剩余计算得到,当地居民愿意为环境改善支付100.18元/人。[结论]政府在对养殖环境污染治理时,应优先考虑具有空气和水质改善作用的治理措施。  相似文献   

10.
全面推行河长制需要注重对公众参与的引导。基于对江苏居民的调研数据,组合运用二元Logistic模型和多元回归模型,分析了河长制政策宣传效果对居民水环境支付意愿的影响及其在不同群体中的异质性作用效果。研究发现:总体而言,江苏地区公众的河湖治理参与意愿较高,约75.4〖WTB3〗%〖WTBZ〗的被调查者表示愿意为水环境治理支付一定的费用;全面推行河长制可以显著提升居民的水环境支付意愿,表明该“自上而下”的治理模式对“自下而上”的公众参与同样具有较好的带动效果;河长制宣传效果对不同群体水环境支付意愿的影响存在差异,对于年均收入较高、水环境重要性感知程度较低的群体,河长制宣传效果具有更强的正向反馈。指出应进一步加大河长制宣传力度,对于不同社会群体制定差异化的水环境科普教育宣传方案;同时拓宽公众参与河长制的渠道,推动居民水环境支付意愿“变现”,实现河长与公众联动治水。  相似文献   

11.
[目的]通过引入社会互动变量改进目标导向行为理论框架,探讨生猪规模养殖户对环保饲料的支付意愿及其影响因素,为完善畜禽养殖污染防治政策提供参考借鉴。[方法]以湖北省生猪规模养殖户为研究对象,应用Heckman两阶段模型,研究规模养殖户对环保饲料的支付意愿。[结果]大多数规模养殖户(8134%)愿意采用环保饲料,且平均意愿支付水平为每头生猪饲料成本的669%(4680元/头)。社会互动中的干群互动、同行互动均能显著提升规模养殖户对环保饲料的支付意愿,但同时同行互动不利于其意愿支付水平的提升。进一步的异质性分析表明,在环保饲料支付意愿决策上,社会互动较少的规模养殖户更容易受到制度规范的约束,而社会互动较多的规模养殖户则更易受到感知养殖热情的影响。[结论]政府部门应加大生态环保宣传力度,并借助多种方式推动规模养殖户进行社会互动; 同时可依据社会互动程度的不同,分别制定相应措施以促进规模养殖户对环保饲料支付意愿的提升。  相似文献   

12.
    
Water is a limiting factor of agricultural production in an increasing number of regions. There is also ample empirical evidence to suggest that the economic value of agricultural landscape is substantial, which has been used to justify agricultural support programs in developed economies. We investigate the link between the environmental amenity of agricultural landscape and the value of water in crop production. We find that the environmental externality gives rise to a social derived demand for water which differs from the market‐based (private) derived demand for water. Policy implications regarding irrigation water allocation and pricing are drawn. An empirical example illustrates the methodology and main findings.  相似文献   

13.
    
Choice models are used by applied economists for many purposes, such as non-market valuation or estimating willingness to pay for novel food and product attributes. Mixed-logit models allow researchers to account for preference heterogeneity and complex decision-making processes when modelling choices. In mixed-logit models, parameters of monetary attributes such as prices typically are assumed to follow a negative lognormal random distribution to ensure that the marginal utility of a price increase is strictly negative. However, this practice can cause means and standard deviations of welfare estimates to ‘explode’ to unfeasibly large levels, as the model assumes there are some marginal utilities of cost approaching zero. This paper examines whether cost non-attendance, which occurs when respondents ignore costs in stated-preference studies, could be a cause of inflated welfare estimates when a lognormal cost parameter is used. A two-class equality-constrained latent-class model is proposed, in which the cost parameter is fixed at zero for a cost non-attender class and is specified as a random lognormal parameter for cost attenders. This proposed model produces mean welfare estimates that are 17 times lower than a mixed-logit model with a lognormal cost parameter, and 10% lower than a model with a non-random cost parameter. These results suggest that cost non-attendance can result in inflated welfare estimates when employing a lognormal cost parameter, and that accounting for cost non-attendance could be a simple, parsimonious solution to this problem.  相似文献   

14.
论文通过对湖南娄底市消费者问卷调查数据,并利用SPSS统计分析软件对影响消费者水产品质量安全支付意愿的变量进行研究分析,结果显示:消费者的受教育程度、性别、家庭月收入、每月农产品花费、年龄因素对消费者水产品质量安全支付意愿有较大影响,但消费者受教育程度、性别与支付意愿呈负相关关系。并在此基础上提出相关建议:加大对水产品质量安全知识的宣传和普及;加大对认证水产品的补贴;在超市和农贸市场做好定点宣传和推广工作;制定切实可行的可追溯安全水产品营销战略。  相似文献   

15.
Credence attributes such as environmental impact, origin, fairness/unfairness, and food safety/health are not available with certainty prior to or at the time of the consumer purchase decision. This creates a problem of imperfect or asymmetric information, leading to suboptimal supply and demand for products with these desirable attributes. Using a representative sample of 2001 Canadian consumers, we adopt, within an attribute-based decision-making framework, the asymptotically efficient double-bounded stated preference approach, to estimate Canadian consumers' willingness to pay for origin, fairness, environmental impact, and food safety attributes associated with pork chops and fresh apples. We find that, on average, consumers are willing to pay significantly more for pork chops and fresh apples that are farmers-advantaged, sourced from their own province, grown or raised under a production system designed to be environmentally sustainable, and chemical-free. However, these findings differ significantly by the province of origin, gender, age, and income of the respondents, as well as by product type and attributes being valued.  相似文献   

16.
    
In this study, we introduce information on outcome‐related risk as an additional attribute in a choice model of preferences for a land‐based climate change mitigation project. We provide a comprehensive comparison of different model specifications arising from different behavioural assumptions about the way that respondents process information on outcome‐related risk within the choice task. We find significant differences between several specifications in terms of both model fit and WTP estimates. The behavioural assumptions made when choosing a particular model specification, and reasons that motivate them should be made explicit, and consequences of using different specifications should not be ignored.  相似文献   

17.
    
The search for improved water pricing is central to urban water reform in many countries. Establishing efficient water prices is notoriously difficult, not least because different customers have different demands for water and yet they are presently faced with a one-size-fits-all approach to pricing and service. This is especially challenging where water availability fluctuates widely, as is the case in many parts of Australia, because the impacts of exposure to episodic periods of scarcity can differ markedly. There is now substantial interest in the notion of ‘unbundling’ the water product to provide a better fit between customers' preferences and the level of service received. Following this trend, this study provides important insights into householders' willingness to pay for a range of flexible water options using a choice experiment. The paper reports a relatively underemployed extension to the latent class modelling framework to investigate preference heterogeneity towards urban water products, including purchasing services that involve the provision of environmental and amenity outcomes. The work adds to studies that use choice data to reveal heterogeneity while improving our understanding of household customers' demands. Overall, it also brings into focus questions about the future management of water in urban contexts.  相似文献   

18.
盘县乡镇供水工程管理研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
介绍盘县乡镇供水工程管理存在的问题:体制不顺、职能不清、权责不明、工程老化、效益衰减、制度不健全、收费不规范等。提出促进盘县乡镇供水企业健康发展的对策:加大宣传力度,树立乡镇供水可持续性的正确观点,加大乡镇供水改造力度,实行统一经营管理、分级明确权责,发挥以强补弱,缩小水价差距,促进乡镇供水健康发展。  相似文献   

19.
灌溉用水权确权到户是水资源资产管理的重点与难点,涉及数亿农户的权益,有关工作仍处于早期探索阶段。在大量调研的基础上,对该不该、能不能确权到户,管理能否到位等关键问题进行了探讨。研究认为:从国家发展战略、政策导向、技术流程、供水管理等多个视角考虑,灌溉用水权应当尽快确权到户,技术上完全可行,服务管理可以基本得到保障。建议将灌溉用水权确权到户作为新时代深化水利改革的重要内容,与农业水价综合改革、规范取水许可等工作有机结合,积极稳妥有序推进。  相似文献   

20.
The authors attempt to understand selected behaviors of fruit and vegetable consumers of mid-sized cities of a developing economy, which are important for any retailer to appreciate. The study was carried out in two mid-sized cities of the Orissa state of India with 100 respondents by using the specially developed questionnaire. Statistical tools were used to analyze the data. The study revealed that vegetables are consumed in greater quantity and purchased more frequently than fruits. Consumers attached more importance to credence attributes than to search and experience attributes while making their purchase decisions. Family income and consumers’ education were found to have significant influence on the consumers’ willingness to pay for graded and packaged products. Organized retailers can take cues from the findings of the study to decide about location, nature and quality of assortment, and their marketing strategies.  相似文献   

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