The role of organizational culture in the relationship between leadership and organizational commitment: an empirical study in a Greek organization

The aim of this paper is to explore the nature of relationships between organizational culture and leadership behaviours in affecting employees' commitment to their work organization. Building on organizational commitment literature, this study used a survey methodology. Empirical evidence was obtained from 300 employees working in a large Greek service company. The analyses indicated that the culture orientations examined served as mediators in the relationship between leader behaviour and followers' affective and normative commitment to the organization. The findings also indicated that continuance commitment is a two-dimensional construct; the ‘personal sacrifices’ dimension was found to be related to organizational culture and transactional contingent reward. This research paper has key messages for practitioners contributing to the fields of commitment, organizational culture, leadership and human resource management.     

Human resource management systems and organizational performance: a test of a mediating model in the Greek manufacturing context

This paper investigates the relationship between systems of HRM policies and organizational performance. The research is based on a sample of 178 organizations operating in the Greek manufacturing sector. A mediation model is tested to examine the link between HRM and organizational performance. The results of this study support the hypothesis that the relationship between the HRM systems of resourcing–development and reward–relations, and organizational performance, is mediated through the HRM outcomes of skills and attitudes. The paper not only supports the theory that HRM systems have a positive impact on organizational performance but also explains the mechanisms through which HRM systems improve organizational performance.     

The effect of corporate-level organizational factors on the transfer of human resource management practices: European and US MNCs and their Greek subsidiaries

One of the central questions in the literature on MNCs is the extent to which their subsidiaries act and behave as local firms (local isomorphism) versus the extent to which their practices resemble those of the parent company or some other global standard (internal consistency). Drawing on the resource-based view and resource-dependency theory, this paper aims to provide an insight into the interplay of several corporate-level organizational factors that affect the transfer of HRM practices across borders. Data collected from 80 European and US multinationals with subsidiaries in Greece are used to test specific hypotheses. Our results indicate that the level of importance attached to HRM by the MNC's top management and international experience have the highest explanatory power for the transfer of HRM practices, while international competitive strategy, informal control and the presence of expatriates also have a marginally significant influence.     

On Life as a Fictitious Commodity: Cities and the Biopolitics of Late Neoliberalism

Building on a biopolitical understanding of the economic crisis, this essay contends that the occurrence of the crisis warns that life is not a real commodity but — to put it in Karl Polanyi's terms — a ‘fictitious commodity’. This means that life cannot be integrally subsumed within the economy, and therefore the crisis is to be seen as a pathological way in which societies react to the pervasiveness of capitalist relations, showing the illusory character of self‐regulating markets and ownership ideologies. Two mutually contradictory biopolitical responses to the neoliberal crisis, led by the state and grassroots movements respectively, are discussed in the concluding section of the essay.     

城中村空间的社会生产与治理机制研究——以广州市海珠区为例

城中村作为我国快速城市化进程中普遍存在的城乡过渡聚落形态,是我国改革开放以来制度变迁和社会经济体制变革的产物,浓缩着城市政府与集体经济组织、社区组织与发展商以及外来人口等社会行为主体之间的竞争、合作和冲突等种种博弈状态和过程。从城市空间政治经济学的理论出发,以城中村这一特殊类型的城市空间的社会生产为切入点,全面而系统地总结了城中村空间生产的经济基础、属性特征、类型、过程、模式和治理机制等。结论是:城中村空间的生产是制度变迁和社会行动者互动博弈的产物,城中村空间的治理必须以产权为突破口,建立合理的社会经济治理体系;以规划为龙头,加强城中村土地管理和公共服务设施的供给;以利益平衡为切入点,促进城中村社区转型和社会融合;以强化土地集约利用为引线,推动城乡空间整合。     

城市社区自治建设的困境与对策研究——以四川A市为例

当前我国城市社区存在功能定位不准,行政色彩比较浓厚,机制、体制不够顺畅,财政资金投入不足,激励机制不健全等诸多问题,在很大程度上影响了社区自治功能的发挥.完善社区自治建设需要创新体制,加大资金投入,加强人才队伍 建设,完善社区治理结构.     

The Effects of Auditor Social and Human Capital on Auditor Compensation: Evidence from the Italian Small Audit Firm Market

Abstract

This study examines whether social and human capital influence the compensation of individual auditors in the small audit firm market. We employ a sample of Italian auditors and use measures from the network and auditing literatures to capture their professional connections, representing social capital, and their industry expertise, representing human capital. Our findings show a positive and economically meaningful association between these individual attributes and auditor compensation. We run several tests to address potential endogeneity issues in our research design. Our results suggest that, in the small audit market, clients perceive as valuable those auditors with higher social and human capital, and as a result, are willing to pay a premium for these specific auditor attributes.     

The Hong Kong Umbrella Movement as a non-profit organization: An empirical study on the use of visual branding practices for social change

In this article, we draw our attention to the growth of a new social movement, as a non-profit organization which aims to effectively communicate its collective identity and messages to larger audiences. Initially, we provide a critical discussion on the interrelationships between marketing theory/practice and protest groups' promotional tactics. Afterwards, we focus on the interface between visual branding practices and new social movement's strategies to create a visual branding identity around their protest symbols and aims. In order to do so, we adopted a moderate participant observation approach to explore how the 2014 Hong Kong Umbrella Movement employed forms of visual branding to engage local and global audiences and induce social change. Drawing on a close examination of field notes and a visual analysis of digital archives and images from the protest sites, we identify and discuss the presence of several visual branding techniques for the imaginative promotion of the movement's demands and causes. Our findings suggest that the 2014 Umbrella Movement protesters coordinated and acted as non-profit organization which employed innovative and creative visual branding methods to enhance the movement's unity and trigger emotional responses from diverse audiences. We conclude the article with suggestions for future research around the interrelationships between social movements' protest symbols, transnational visual branding practices and non-profit organizational practices.     

“人民当家作主”之于民主——读《中国民主政治建设白皮书》

人民当家作主,以准确的政治学词语表述这一主张,即主权在民或人民主权。虽然"民主"一词现在无论是在理论界还是实践领域都是一个混乱得可能让人上当的词,但民主意味着主权在民这一点是没有争议的,存有争议的是如何解读这个术语。究竟"主权在民"意味着什么?如果厘清了何谓人民主权,是否它就意味着民主的全部?并且,通过什么方式能使当家人成为真正做主的人?这些问题都是至关重要的。本文试图通过对《中国民主政治建设白皮书》(以下简称白皮书)一些章节的解读,从"人民当家作主"这一角度入手评价我国民主政治中关于"人民主权"的含义和地位之理解。     

Finding a Bowling Partner: The Role of Stakeholders in Activating Civil Society in Germany,Spain and the United Kingdom

An 'activism index', combining data on membership of civil associations and societies and the level of activism suggests that, notwithstanding cultural differences, civil activism in European countries could be a great deal higher than its current level. If higher civic participation is to be achieved, each stakeholder group within local governance can play an 'activation' role in relation to citizens, both as individuals and in relation to the voluntary organizations which represent citizens in their collective activities. In practice, different stakeholder groups play this role in widely differing ways in the contexts of Germany, Spain and the UK. In the future, we can expect the lead role in activating civil society in each country to be taken by different stakeholders, depending on the trust currently placed in them by other stakeholders in the community and by the resources which they command.     

Time and the Entrepreneurial Journey: The Problems and Promise of Studying Entrepreneurship as a Process

We examine the growing disconnect between the process‐oriented conception of entrepreneurship taught in the classroom and theorized about in premier journals and the variance‐oriented conception of entrepreneurship that characterizes empirical studies of the phenomenon. We propose that a shift in inquiry from entrepreneurship as an act to entrepreneurship as a journey could facilitate process‐oriented research by initiating a dialogue about the nature of the entrepreneurial journey, when it has begun and ended, whether it might be productively subdivided into variables or events, and what if anything remains constant throughout the process. Finally, we propose that a clearer understanding of the entrepreneurial journey is necessary to distinguish the field horizontally from research on creativity and strategy, and vertically from research on more practical business functions or more abstract systems‐level concepts.     

社会工作介入企业人力资源管理的可行性与难点分析——以山东某机械公司为例

在当前企业人力资源管理各项职能中还存在着几方面值得关注的问题,需要企业引入一种新的力量专门解决。这种新的力量可以是社会工作理念、社会工作方法和社会工作者。企业社会工作能够增强员工的社会功能,充分挖掘员工自身潜能和调动外部资源促进生产环境改善。但社会工作介入企业人力资源管理仍有困难,社会工作者要想在企业中实现其价值,首先还要服从企业的战略,灵活地运用社会工作的方法和技巧帮助企业解决问题,做到"有为有位"。     

Local Venturing as Compassion Organizing in the Aftermath of a Natural Disaster: The Role of Localness and Community in Reducing Suffering

In contrast to models of compassion within existing organizations, this grounded theory study examines how ventures emerge relying on localness and community in direct response to ‘opportunities’ to alleviate suffering in the aftermath of a natural disaster. While a natural disaster is a surprising disruptive event devastating a local community, that local community is nested within a broader community, which can be a source of abundant resources. Ventures created in the aftermath of a natural disaster, given local knowledge and unencumbered by pre‐existing systems, procedures, and capabilities, are highly effective at connecting the broader community with the local community through customizing resources to meet victims' needs and to quickly delivering these resources to alleviate suffering.     

Conditions and benefits of applying decision technological solutions as a tool to curb corruption within the procurement process: The case of Hungary

Unethically influencing a decision maker is as old as civilization. Corruption is an especially damaging phenomenon in the field of public procurement. Experiences in curbing procurement corruption in Hungary, a former Eastern-block country which recently joined the EU, strengthens the view that by raising the level of evaluation practices through the use of decision support methodologies that can serve to narrow the possible damaging effects of corruption. This outcome may be achieved if legal regulations provide a supportive frame and organizational culture can be shaped to accommodate new decision practices.     

城市中的古城遗址保护与利用研究——以辽阳“东京城”遗址为例

本文针对古城遗址在城市建设中的保护与利用的问题,以辽阳“东京城”遗址为例,通过对遗址现状、价值、城市背景、旅游背景以及现实问题的论述,对比论证了“东京城”遗址保护与利用的思路,并提出了概念性规划,为古城遗址的保护与开发提供规划思路.