英国国家卫生服务体系（NHS）绩效评估及其实践评价

介绍了英国国家卫生服务体系（NHS）绩效评估的实施背景及绩效评估框架（PAF）和绩效示标体系,并对其在实践中的实施效果和局限进行了评价,以期对中国医疗机构绩效评估提供经验借鉴。     

THE PRIVATE FINANCING OF NHS HOSPITALS: POLITICS, POLICY AND PRACTICE

This article outlines and critiques the main fiscal and economic rationales for the Private Finance Initiative and examines the impact of the policy on the long-term financial viability of NHS trusts. It concludes that the PFI funding of capital investment is highly problematic. Its high costs can have a negative impact on the finances of health systems.     

On the cost-benefit of the regionalisation of the National Health Service

In this paper we analyse in formal terms the desirability of the regionalisation of a National Health Service. The policy consists of a devolution process, i.e. the increase in the health services provision to be decided by a region and financed by an increase in its revenues. The change is a marginal one, as it regards the part of supply of the health services exceeding a minimum standard, which for purposes of equity is maintained uniform in the national territory. As the central government is responsible for this component of the provision of health care (a federal “mandate”), the level of the said component is chosen by this authority and financed by federal taxation. Moreover, the government also applies an equalisation scheme based on the difference between a standard level of tax revenues and the revenues which the region is deemed able to raise for this purpose. Within the theoretical context of welfare improving reforms with distortionary taxation, we derive two conditions which focus on the regional, as well as the social, convenience of regionalisation. Received: May 5, 1999 / Accepted: January 21, 2000     

日本快递业的发展动态研究

物流是连接供与需之间的纽带,是通过载体服务体系完成物在时空上的变化达到物流的目的,快递业作为传统物流的特殊形态,开发了小货物运输市场的潜在需求,并推动着产业经济结构的优化与调整。文中介绍了日本快递业的物流系统、经营战略、市场竞争体系,并对其发展趋势进行了分析,为中国快递业市场的快速发展提供参考。     

现代企业经营中的物流决策与管理

本文通过对物流在企业生产、营销、管理等方面影响的分析,说明在贸易全球化以及市场竞争日趋激烈的环境下,物流与现代科技、经营管理思想的充分结合,已成为企业赢得竞争优势的重要手段。     

Trader matching and the selection of market institutions

We analyze a stochastic dynamic learning model with boundedly rational traders who can choose among trading institutions with different matching characteristics. The framework allows for institutions featuring multiple prices (per good), thus violating the “law of one price.” We find that centralized institutions are stochastically stable for a broad class of dynamics and behavioral rules, independently of which other institutions are available. However, some decentralized institutions featuring multiple prices can also survive in the long run, depending on specific characteristics of the underlying learning dynamics such as fast transitions or optimistic behavior.     

中国共产党领导社会主义经济体制百年变迁——庆祝中国共产党成立一百周年

社会主义经济体制在中国从理论传播开始,经历了新民主主义革命时期带有社会主义性质的战时经济体制的创建和探索、新中国成立后社会主义计划经济体制的创建和运营、社会主义计划经济体制向社会主义市场经济体制的改革、社会主义市场经济体制的创建、完善和全面深化改革、建设高标准市场体系的百年变迁。这一百年变迁,之所以能够形成既定的历史逻辑,是因为始终在遵循客观经济规律和破解基本矛盾与基本任务、主要矛盾与主要任务客观演进过程基础上,坚持中国共产党领导的核心作用。这一百年变迁表明,中国共产党领导社会主义经济体制百年变迁是历史逻辑、理论逻辑和实践逻辑的辩证统一,从一个侧面证明了党的十九届四中全会提出的坚持党的集中统一领导,坚持党的科学理论,保持政治稳定,确保国家始终沿着社会主义方向前进的显著优势。     

论质量规律的地位和作用

论述质量是由生产力水平和人们的需要决定并以“以质论价”、“以名论销”的方式影响商品交换和服务。分析质量规律的表现形式以及质量及质量信息、供需平衡、性能价格比三者之间有规律的相互影响。     

马尔柯夫法在石油价格预测中的应用

21世纪世界对能源的争夺将越来越激烈。各国为保障本国的经济稳定持续发展,都不遗余力地加入到对能源,特别是石油的争夺中来。本文通过对近四年世界石油价格的分析,利用马尔柯夫预测法,对未来油价的高低可能性进行预测,对马尔柯夫预测法的适用性进行总结。     

基于服务科学的第三方物流服务创新研究

伴随着中国经济发展,产生于欧美国家的第三方物流(Third Party Logistics,TPL)在国内得到了极大的发展。但是与发达国家比较还存在若干问题和缺陷。由于国内经济的进一步开放,当前国外的先进的第三方物流服务企业已经与国内的企业展开了正面交锋。国内企业如何在这场竞争中生存及发展是政府及企业都必须面对的问题。本文分析了国内第三方物流现状并且利用服务科学的理论指出了国内物流企业实现服务创新以提高竞争力的途径。     

不完全竞争行业最优外资规模研究

本文通过建立内资企业与外资企业相互竞争的博弈模型，对东道国不完全竞争行业的最优外资企业数量和最优外资企业生产份额进行了探讨。本文的研究结果表明：对于产品需求弹性较小、技术人员的平均产值较高、内外资企业生产效率相差较大的行业，较高的外资企业生产比例有利于国民利益。在本国技术人员供给增加的情况下，适当增加外资企业的数量有益于本国的经济利益。     

Does corruption affect health outcomes in the Philippines?

We examine the effect of corruption on health outcomes in the Philippines. We find that corruption reduces the immunization rates, delays the vaccination of newborns, discourages the use of public health clinics, reduces satisfaction of households with public health services, and increases waiting time at health clinics. We also find that corruption affects public services in rural areas in different ways than urban areas, and that corruption harms the poor more than the wealthy. The research underlying this paper was supported by a grant from the World Bank, financed by the Netherlands Trust Fund.     

江苏省专利分析与自主创新研究

基于对江苏省专利状况分析的基础上,揭示了在渐进性创新思想指导下,江苏省自主创新能力不足与专利质量不高密切相关,对江苏省专利发展中的不足进行了总结并提出了相应的对策。     

高校轮滑教学对学生身体机能培养的实验研究

轮滑运动以其时尚的魅力和独特的健身价值,在高校新兴体育课程中深受广大学生的青睐。文章采用文献检索法、实验测定法、数理统计法等方式,以陕西科技大学2008级参加轮滑选项课程的学生为研究对象,探讨轮滑课程教学会对学生身体机能产生哪些影响,为高校轮滑课程发展提供理论参考。