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企业具有生命周期性,不同的生命周期阶段对于企业家有着不同的经营能力要求.企业生命周期可以划分为六大阶段:孕育期、求生存期、高速发展期、成熟期、衰亡期和蜕变期.企业家主要经营能力则可以归类为五大类:创新能力、决策能力、执行能力、公关能力和自控能力.在企业处于孕育期时,企业家所需具备的首要能力是创新能力;在求生存期时,是执行能力;在高速发展期中,是决策能力;在成熟期,是决策能力和自控能力;在衰亡期,是创新能力和执行能力;至于蜕变期,则是执行能力. 相似文献
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产品的生命周期与新产品开发策略张大军产品是企业进行营销活动的物质基础。在激烈的市场竞争中，企业要求得生存和发展，主要取决于它所提供的产品能否满足顾客的需要以及满足的程度。正确认识产品的生命周期以及各阶段所选择的策略，往往成为决定企业兴衰成败的首要问题... 相似文献
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在生命周期理论基础上,分析中小企业在不同生命阶段的特点,并结合各种融资方式的优缺点,就处于不同生命周期阶段的中小企业如何选择合适的融资渠道的问题进行研究,提出相应建议。 相似文献
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李宇 《地质技术经济管理》2010,(7):38-42
企业成长的周期性是经济周期发生的微观基础,探索技术创新与企业规模关系的微观机理可以从企业生命周期与技术生命周期的联动机制入手。在分析了企业生命周期与技术创新关系,以及技术生命周期与技术机会关系的基础上,文章提出企业生命周期与技术生命周期并非以时间为联动依据,而是在一定时间内通过分散决策与集中决策的力量对比形成联动机制,这一机制能够大致刻画出两个生命周期之间互动的传导性,最后分析了作为这种联动机制载体的组织结构特征。 相似文献
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Entropy于1865年由德国科学家克劳修斯第一个将其引入热力学第二定律（即热量总是从高温物体向低温物体传递,然后达到平衡）。胡刚复教授第一个将“熵”字引入我国学术圈。熵已经被广泛运用于自然科学与社会科学。被许多学者认为是自然与社会科学的交叉点。揭示了两种科学本质的某种内在联系。 相似文献
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近年来,随着信息技术、人工智能、大数据和工业自控系统的飞速发展,智能化、自动化已成为煤炭行业发展的必然方向,煤矿生产对机电设备的依赖性越来越强.如何加强设备管理,保证设备保持最佳工况运行,是煤矿机电管理的重中之重.本文以矿井实际情况为例,分析当前机电设备运行管理中存在的问题,对机电设备全生命周期管理进行研究,并对其经济... 相似文献
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本文通过介绍企业社会责任和企业价值的概念、内涵以及检索2000年～2009年这10年间发表在国内外各管理学及财经刊物上的有关论文,概括了企业社会责任与企业价值间关系的研究现状,并依据主题基于企业生命周期视角对这些论文进行归类和分析,分析结果表明:处于成长期和成熟期的上市公司会根据其所处的生命周期阶段来调整履行社会责任的侧重点,进而不同程度地影响企业价值;当不考虑生命周期时,社会责任与企业价值仍是显著正相关的,即履行社会责任会提高企业价值。 相似文献
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Mihnea Moldoveanu 《战略管理杂志》2009,30(7):737-763
A new model of managerial problem formulation is introduced and developed to answer the question: ‘What kinds of problems do strategic managers engage in solving and why?’ The article proposes that a key decision metric for choosing among alternative problem statements is the computational complexity of the solution algorithm of alternative statements. Managerial problem statements are grouped into two classes on the basis of their computational complexity: P‐type problems (canonically easy ones) and NP‐type problems (hard ones). The new model of managerial cognitive choice posits that managers prefer to engage with and solve P‐type problems over solving NP‐type problems. The model explains common patterns of managerial reasoning and decision making, including many documented ‘biases’ and simplifying heuristics, and points the way to new effects and novel empirical investigations of problem solving‐oriented thinking in strategic management and types of generic strategies, driven by predictions about the kinds of market‐ and industry‐level changes that managers will or will not respond to. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Strategy and finance research suggests that managerial ownership results in increased incentive alignment and therefore is negatively related to corporate diversification. Using a longitudinal approach, we develop arguments to examine whether managerial ownership is associated with subsequent changes in diversification and/or if diversification is associated with subsequent changes in ownership. The results indicate that levels of managerial ownership in one time period are not associated with subsequent changes in corporate diversification, which raises incentive alignment questions. We also find that higher levels of corporate diversification are associated with changes in managerial ownership, which suggests support for the employment risk‐reduction perspective. This study provides important reasons to reassess the longitudinal implications of the managerial ownership‐corporate diversification link from both theoretical and managerial perspectives. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Peer C. Fiss 《战略管理杂志》2006,27(11):1013-1031
I extend existing theories of social influence effects on executive compensation while at the same time showing the context dependence of these effects. Using original data on German firms and a longitudinal design, results of this study suggest that the operating of social influence mechanisms depends on demographic and social similarity between CEOs and board chairs. The findings reconcile previous mixed findings on the role of CEO human capital factors such as education and tenure and furthermore show that board vigilance is conditional on board compensation and the presence of major shareholders with an incentive to monitor board behavior. Finally, the study contributes to compensation and corporate governance research by providing evidence on how social influence effects operate outside the United States. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Despite the growing recognition in the corporate governance literature that the relationship between ownership concentration and profitability is context dependent, this issue has not yet been subjected to direct empirical investigation using a single cross-national sample. This study empirically examines the ownership concentration–performance relationship across the nations of Canada, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Essentially, we argue that the correlation (if any) between ownership concentration and firm profitability differs across countries in a systematic way determined by the national system of corporate governance. Results indicate that important and statistically significant differences do in fact exist across the countries studied. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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企业理论的社会资本逻辑 总被引：30，自引：0，他引：30
本文在回顾以知识为基础的企业理论的基础上，提出了社会资本不仅是企业战略资源，也是企业的一种有效的治理机制。企业交易复杂性程度越高，社会资本治理存在的价值就越大。按照社会资本治理的逻辑，企业比市场更能有效地创造社会资本，更能充分有效地利用社会资本的价值；与之相适应，本文分析了企业制度安排从资本为基础转向以社会资本为基础的可能性与现实性。 相似文献
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Taking an agency theory perspective of managers as risk averse and self‐interest seeking and focusing on externally generated analyst forecasts as the performance target, we propose that managers tend to cut R&D expenses when they are under pressure to meet analyst forecasts, especially when they face an increase in employment risk after missing the forecasts. We further argue that analyst coverage can serve as an external monitoring mechanism to help contain this agency problem. We test these arguments with data from a sample of U.S. manufacturing firms during the period of 1979 to 2005. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Corporate Governance and Firm Capabilities: A Comparison of Managerial, Alliance, and Personal Capitalisms 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Incentive structures embodied in different systems of corporate governance produce firms with inclinations towards the development of particular capabilities and strategic assets and disinclinations towards the development of others. To the extent that there is an excessive dependence upon any particular type of governance, an economy as a whole will be endowed with both its benefits and costs. As such, governance reform in East Asian economies may be better aimed at cultivating alternative governance institutions alongside existing relational institutions, rather than in converting these governance systems into facsimiles of the so-called Anglo-American model. 相似文献