供应链管理办法实证分析

供应链管理就是指对整个供应链系统进行计划、协调、操作、控制和优化的各种活动和过程,其目标是要将顾客所需的正确的产品能够在正确的时间、按照正确的数量、正确的质量和正确的状态送到正确的地点并使总成本最小。     

Measuring Neighborhood Investments: An Examination of Community Choice

Community choice is a very important household decision, since it represents an investment in community attributes that can have a significant effect on the quality of life of all household members, particularly by influencing the future prospects of children. In this paper, we examine the housing and community choices of migrants to and within Los Angeles County identified in the 1990 5% public-use sample of the Census. Controlling for income, we find that expenditures on housing structure are quite similar across races. However, controlling for income, black and Hispanic households consume significantly less in community attributes than white households.     

中国上市公司CFO制度影响因素的实证分析

本文以我国A股上市公司披露的财务高管人员信息为基础，对上市公司CFO制度特征及其影响因素进行了实证分析。结果表明，我国上市公司CFO制度建设还处于比较初级的阶段，并且仅有的CFO制度特征与公司业绩的关系并不显著。在促进财务高管人员在公司治理中的地位和作用提高的过程中，主要不是基于提高业绩和改善公司治理机制，而是由财务高管人员在公司中的个人地位和资历决定的。从公司治理和企业制度建设角度看．迫切需要建立和完善CFO制度及其功能和机制。     

An Empirical Examination of Traditional Neighborhood Development

This study analyzes the impact of the new urbanism on single-family home prices. Specifically, we explore the price differential that homebuyers pay for houses in new urbanist developments relative to houses in conventional suburban developments. Using data on over 5,000 single-family home sales from 1994 to 1997 in three different neighborhoods, hedonic regression results reveal that consumers pay more for homes in new urbanist communities than those in conventional suburban developments. Further analyses indicate that the price premium is not attributable to differences in improvement age and other housing characteristics.     

河北省服务业发展影响因素的实证分析

利用1985年～2008年的数据,采用逐步回归方法对河北省服务业发展影响因素进行了实证分析。结果表明,人均GDP、城镇居民收入水平、农村居民生活质量以及服务业劳动生产率对服务业的发展有显著的影响。进而提出了加快河北省服务业发展的建议及对策。     

浅谈供应链管理

供边管理是一个较新的概念,它从一个新视角把企业的商品生产从原料供应、组织生产到市场销售看作一条供应链。简单介绍了供应链的基本概念,性质分类,初步分析了供应链的管理策略,指出不同性质的产品须有不同类的供应链。合适的供应链对企业的重要性。     

Mode of Entry Choice: An Empirical Study of Singaporean Multinationals

This paper aims to provide insight into the choice of foreign mode of entry (as proxied by equity stakes) of Singaporean multinationals. An electric framework based on Hill, Hwang and Kim's (1990) study is used to model the choice of entry mode. Three broad categories of variables, relating to control, cost and competence, are posited to affect the equity stake in an overseas venture.This study focuses on the manufacturing sector. We used a survey instrument targeting CEOs and Managing Directors and received 83 valid responses. TOBIT analysis lends support to the hypothesized relationships.     

基于状态空间模型的碳排放影响因素实证研究

本文利用状态空间模型采用面板数据对碳排放的影响因素进行了实证研究.研究结果发现,碳排放影响因素主要包括:能源结构、能源排放强度、能源效率、经济发展因素、技术进步、产业结构、制度因素.经济发展水平对节能减排具有促进作用,且呈现不断增加的趋势;能源结构对节能减排具有促进作用,且影响呈现下降的趋势;技术进步对节能减排具有促进作用,且影响呈现了波动特征;产业结构对节能减排具有促进作用,且影响呈现不断增长的趋势;制度因素对节能减排也具有促进作用,且影响是逐渐在增大的.     

创新项目组合管理绩效关键影响因素的实证研究

为了维持长期的竞争优势,企业需要不断进行技术创新和产品创新。如何在有限的研发资源下使创新项目组合的绩效最大化是企业进行创新管理中面临的主要问题。本文从创新项目组合的战略一致性、平均项目绩效和业务协同3个指标来度量创新项目组合管理绩效,并从流程和管理者的视角研究其关键影响因素。通过实证研究发现,高管参与和项目组合管理流程的设计与实施对项目组合的战略一致性有显著的正向影响;高管参与、项目经理胜任力和项目终止质量对平均项目绩效有显著正向影响;项目经理胜任力、项目组合管理流程的设计与实施和项目中止质量对业务协同有显著正向影响。     

FNMA Mortgage Purchase Commitments As Put Options: An Empirical Examination

The Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA) auctions commitments to purchase mortgages. An examination of the terms of the commitment contract shows that these commitments are actually put options on mortgages. The contract is unusual, however, in that the price of the commitment is a fixed percentage of the value of the mortgages. In the auction, the dealers effectively bid the exercise price at which they would be willing to pay the fixed commitment price.
In this paper, we study the economics of the FNMA auction. We use a two-state approximation to the American put pricing model for interest-dependent securities to examine the behavior of the auction results. We find that the model performs reasonably well for several years — giving results which are, on the average, correct — and then, quite abruptly, the performance of the model deteriorates. Some possible reasons for this result are then examined.     

Launch Strategy and New Product Performance: An Empirical Examination in The Netherlands

Although previous research has investigated the concept and contents of new product performance, there is still no consensus about the managerial decisions that constitute a launch strategy and how such decisions impact new product performance. The research objective for the present investigation is to assess the impact of launch strategy and market characteristics on new product performance and to test the stability of this impact across consumer and industrial products. Data were collected on 272 consumer and industrial new products in The Netherlands through a mail questionnaire approach. We based our definition of a launch strategy on an extensive literature review and interviews with managers. Our conceptualization of new product performance represented two dimensions, namely, market acceptance and product performance. The market acceptance dimension reflects the new product's market position and sales levels. The product performance dimension refers to the quality and technical performance level of the new product. This richer specification of the dependent variable provides a better view on which launch decisions impact which dimensions of new product performance. The impact of launch strategy was higher for market acceptance than for product performance, overall and for both consumer and industrial subsamples separately. In line with results from recent studies, overall, market acceptance is influenced by the product's innovativeness, timing of market entry, breadth of assortment, branding, pricing, the objective of increasing market penetration, and competitor reactions. Product performance is influenced by the product's innovativeness, breadth of assortment, and by the objective of using an existing market. Analyzing the consumer and industrial products separately showed that the general picture of launch decisions and their impact on the dependent variables was comparable across the total sample and both subsamples, indicating that heterogeneous samples in new product launch research may not cause major interpretation problems. Second, the analyses revealed that some launch decisions are more important in attaining new product success for consumer products than for industrial products, and vice versa. While these decisions do not lead to contradicting results in the samples, they show that some decisions may be especially relevant for only consumer or industrial products. We discuss research and managerial implications of the results.     

基于供应链协同的我国企业管理文化分析

根据供应链协同管理的基本思想及其包含的文化内涵,结合我国企业的供应链协同管理现状,分析了我国的儒家传统文化在现代商业管理中的价值和局限,提出在借鉴西方先进管理文化的同时,应加强与传统文化的融合,创建卓越的国际性企业。     

基于灰色关联度的能耗强度影响因素分析

日益严重的能源短缺和环境污染对降低能耗强度提出了更高的要求。本文分析了产业结构、城镇化水平、能源消费结构、能源转化效率、能源价格和对外贸易结构对能耗强度的作用机理,并进行了因果关系检验。建立了基于灰色关联度的能耗强度影响因素模型,得出在这6个因素中,与能耗强度的关联度由大到小分别是能源价格、产业结构、能源消费结构、能源转化效率、城镇化水平和对外贸易结构。根据模型结果,提出了合理制定能源价格,加快产业结构转变,改变能源结构,提高能源转化效率和城镇化水平的建议。     

An Empirical Examination of the Stability of Housing Price Equations Over Time

This study investigates the extent to which the coefficients of housing price equations are stable over time. Using annual data from 1959 to 1979 for a large neighbourhood in Vancouver, British Columbia, a series of twenty-four housing price equations is estimated. The estimated coefficients exhibit substantial instability over the period. Further, prediction errors are generally minimized for a given year when the coefficients estimated for that year are used to predict. The results strongly suggest that such equations should be recalibrated each year.     

Balancing the Two Knowledge Dimensions in Innovation Efforts: An Empirical Examination among Pharmaceutical Firms

This study investigates the relationships between the two knowledge dimensions (knowledge breadth and knowledge depth) and two types of innovations (radical innovation and incremental innovation). While existing literature identifies knowledge in general as an important driver of innovation, the exact relationships between knowledge breadth/depth and incremental/radical innovations are not clear. Drawing from the knowledge‐based view, this study advances the understanding of the relationships between knowledge dimensions and types of innovations by hypothesizing a nonlinear relationship between knowledge breadth and radical innovation as well as a nonlinear relationship between knowledge depth and incremental innovation. Furthermore, the moderating effects of the interaction between knowledge breadth and knowledge depth on the above‐mentioned relationships are also examined. Due to the different natures of the two types of innovations, it is hypothesized that knowledge depth positively moderates the relationship between knowledge breadth and radical innovation while knowledge breadth negatively moderates the relationship between knowledge depth and incremental innovation. To empirically test the hypotheses, secondary data from multiple sources were collected on 64 pharmaceutical firms over 15 years. Due to the panel data structure and observed dispersion issues in the dependent variables, negative binomial random effects models were formulated to test the hypotheses. The statistical results largely support the proposed hypotheses. The results demonstrate that while knowledge breadth positively contributes to the development of radical innovations and knowledge depth positively contributes to the development of incremental innovations, both relationships are subject to diminishing returns. Furthermore, while the finding did support the negative moderating effect of the knowledge breadth on incremental innovation, the positive moderating effect of knowledge depth on radical innovation is not supported. While the effect is not explicitly hypothesized, knowledge breadth seems to have a direct impact on incremental innovation as well.     

专业市场和产业集群的关联强度及其影响因素——基于浙江省绍兴市万份问卷的分析

本文利用对浙江省绍兴中国轻纺城市场商户和当地纺织企业所作的万余份调查问卷,发现运输成本、集群企业规模和技术水平对专业市场和产业集群关联强度的影响最大;本地物流效率提高和行业协会功能强化有助于拓展专业市场和产业集群关联的空间维度。值得注意的是,创牌激励并未成为企业脱离专业市场转而自建销售渠道的决定因素,这与专业市场自身的特征有关。     

供应链管理环境下的战略采购

近几年来，随着供应链管理的不断发展，采购供应管理已经成为企业实现柔性化经营，有效应对市场的重要手段。本文全面分析了供应链管理环境下，采购供应管理的特点、趋势，并且提出现代战略采购管理只有打破单一界面、站在企业整体最优和供应链最优基础上，实现供应细分管理，才能真正为企业取得生存和发展的空间。     

Compensating Wage Differentials versus Efficiency Wages: An Empirical Study of Job Autonomy and Wages

Efficiency wage theory as incorporated in the shirking model predicts that firms may substitute wage premiums for costly monitoring. This means that wage premiums should be expected for loosely monitored workers. By regarding extensive monitoring as a lack of job autonomy, efficiency wage theory predicts a positive relation between autonomy and wages. The theory of compensating wage differentials, however, predicts a negative relation between autonomy and wages. When workers prefer autonomous jobs, employers have to offer higher wages for less autonomous jobs in order to recruit labor.
Swedish micro data are analyzed in order to examine the predictions of these theories. A proxy for the monitoring problem of the firm measures workers' possibilities of effort variation. Since this proxy is autonomy, it enables us to test the two rival hypotheses on the relation between job autonomy and wages. We find a positive relation in the private sector as predicted by the efficiency wage hypotheses and a negative relation in the case of the public sector, which accords with the theory of compensating wage differentials.     

Issues in Supply Chain Management: Progress and potential

In a 2000 article in Industrial Marketing Management, “Issues in Supply Chain Management,” Lambert and Cooper presented a framework for Supply Chain Management (SCM) as well as issues related to how it should be implemented and directions for future research. The framework was comprised of eight cross-functional, cross-firm business processes that could be used as a new way to manage relationships with suppliers and customers. It was based on research conducted by a team of academic researchers working with a group of executives from non-competing firms that had been meeting regularly since 1992 with the objective of improving SCM theory and practice. The research has continued for the past 16 years and now covers a total of 25 years. In this paper, we review the progress that has been made in the development and implementation of the proposed SCM framework since 2000 and identify opportunities for further research.