天然气生产管理信息系统的设计和实现

中原油气天然气产销厂是从事集气层气开发、伴生气集输与商品气销售为一体的生产企业．担负着向20多家大中型企业供输工业原料用气和10多个大中城市供输居民生活用气的输送任务。为了将纷繁复杂的生产数据上报厂领导，生产人员不得不通过车辆等交通工具频繁往来于生产一线和天然气产销厂之间。生产报表是领导了解生产的主要途径．而生产报表堆积如山，     

我国石油成品油产销关系浅析

我国石油成品油产销关系浅析杨小波一、国有石油企业产销关系的现状随着成品油生产经营由计划分配逐步走向市场调节，特别是在新旧体制过渡期间市场体系发育不完善、财政分灶吃饭、利益分割的情况下，目前，石油产销关系还存在某种不协调。国家关于原油、成品油流通体制改...     

创新型价值链管理——基于“一汽大众”订单制产销模式的案例研究

本文在回顾价值链理论和定制理论的基础上,对一汽大众汽车有限公司(以下简称一汽大众)实施的订单制产销模式以及相应的流程变革过程进行了系统分析,深入探讨了我国汽车生产企业在订单制产销模式下的价值链如何重构和优化,以获得企业新的竞争优势,并根据案例分析对我国汽车生产企业订单制产销模式下的价值链进行了修正。研究表明,订单制产销模式是目前我国汽车生产企业有效处理生产和市场关系的重要途径,通过订单管理能够有效把握市场需求、降低库存成本、合理安排生产部门的产能规划,使其有目标地集中优势资源规划企业的生产运营。在订单制产销模式下,通过科学的市场预测和时间管理,并辅以一定水平的库存,能够有效地对国内汽车市场行情的波动进行预测。     

现代企业与现代营销

现代企业的成功是很多因素共同作用的结果，成功的营销是企业成功过程中不可或缺的。随着中国加入WTO组织，现代企业面临着国际国内的全面竞争，营销工作如何掌握和利用现代营销原则，是成功不可或缺的因素。何为现代企业？当代企业并非都是现代企业。现代企业为具有现代公司制度、采用现代大生产方式、从事大规模产销活动的组织。大规模产销活动是现代企业的显著特点，而大规模产销活动离不开市场、离不开营销。在很多情况下，营销比生产更加重要，也更加难做。市场并非总是明确地存在着属于企业的机会，它需要企业按照正确的方向去探索…     

对物资流通代理制的几点认识

对物资流通代理制的几点认识汤汉军（湖南航天公司）所谓代理制就是指流通企业通过契约形式与生产企业订立代理协议，取得生产企业的代理销售权和代理采购权，从而形成工商之间长期稳定的产销关系，来衔接产需、组织商品流通的贸易形式。具体地讲，就是生产企业通过委托协...     

石油销售系统推行代销制的思考

石油销售系统推行代销制的思考宋克明代理制是指流通企业通过合同契约形式与生产企业订立代销协议，买断产品销售权，从而形成生产企业与流通企业之间长期稳定的产销合作关系，来衔接生产与需求，组织产品流通的贸易形式。采用这种经济贸易形式，目的是建立利益共享、风险...     

1997:农机工业低速运行 1998:农机市场稳中有升

一、农机市场需来平稳，产销低速运行1997年，国家采取稳中求进的宏观经济政策，整个经济开始进入适度增长和相对平稳的发展时期。在这样的宏观经济环境条件下，农机工业市场需求平稳，产销低速增长。整个农机市场呈现出畅销品种不多，新产品投放少，老产品竞争激烈的状况。但产品质量比以前有进一步提高，产品结构调整初见成效，大中型企业的产品生产集中度得到进一步的发展；效益优势逐步向这些企业集中，优势企业与困难企业的差距进一步拉大。截至10月份，据机械工业生产月报统计，农机工业完成总产值640．25亿元（199年不变价），比去年…     

2000年拖拉机产销回眸

大中拖市场：降幅三成 2000年大中型拖拉机产销出现了较大幅度的下降。据机械工业拖拉机行业信息网统计，2000年16个企业共生产大中型拖拉机43068台，同比下降31．3％，销售43068台，同比下降32．3％，是1991年以来大中拖产量最低的一年。 从大中型拖拉机的品种来看，各品种产销下降的幅度均在20％以上。50马力以下轮拖共生产19019台，同比下降21．2％，降幅最小；50马力及以上轮拖生产17508台，同比下降40．1％，降幅最大；履带式拖拉机生产6541台，同比下降29．8％，降幅居中。 从全年大中拖产销走势来看，旺季不旺，淡季更淡。2000年一季…     

1997中国汽车市场回眸

一、1997年汽车工业产销运行情况1997年，中国汽车工业在国家继续加强经济运行宏观调控的大环境中，生产经营运行总体表现为：产销适度平稳增长，产品结构进一步改善，市场竞争激烈，企业产品的市场适应性和竞争力亟待加强，企业负债率高，投入产出效率效益低下，经营存在～定难度，需要进一步改善和营造市场大环境。从汽车行业《目录》内企业的生产经营情况来看，预计1997年汽车产量将达160万辆左右，比1996年的145．6万辆增长9．9％。销售156万辆左右。比1996年的144．2万辆增长8．2％。其中轿车生产到51万辆左右，比1996年的38．2万辆增…     

加强针对中国市场销售攻势访日资辅料企业

对于服装辅料来说中国是非常重要的市场。在中国拥有产销网点的日资辅料企业积极针对日资成衣企业及中国企业扩大销售，此外，对急速成长的东南亚成衣生产的应对也成为重要课题。本期就日资辅料厂商对现状的看法及今后的发展战略对各企业中国法人负责人进行了访谈。     

New new technologies: the future and the present of work in information and communication technology

This paper outlines a selection of technological and organisational developments in the information and communication technology (ICT) sector and analyses their likely challenges for workers and trade unions around the globe. It addresses the convergence of telecommunications and information technology, the related developments of ubiquitous computing, ‘clouds’ and ‘big data’, and the possibilities of crowdsourcing and relates these technologies to the last decades' patterns of value chain restructuring. The paper is based on desk research of European and international sources, on sector analyses and technology forecasts by, for instance, the European Union and Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development, and some national actors. These prognoses are analysed through the lens of recent research into ICT working environments and ICT value chains, identifying upcoming and ongoing challenges for both workers and unions, and outlining possible research perspectives.     

The locating of emotion within a creative, learning and product orientated design and technology experience: person, process, product

Within this paper, a conceptualised triadic schema is hypothesised for locating emotion within a creative, learning and product orientated Design and Technology experience. The research is based upon an extensive literature review that has been synthesised and juxtaposed with the broad aspirational aims of the subject. The schema, based upon abductive reasoning and grounded theory, ultimately conceptualises the overarching theme of emotion within a creative, learning and product orientated Design and Technology experience within the Primary and Secondary stages of England’s education system. The triadic schema offers an additional opportunity in meta-theorising how the broad aspirational aims of the subject, as outlined in the English national curriculum statement of importance for Design and Technology, can be achieved through recognising the powerful overarching concept of emotion within three emerging domains: Person, Process and Product. The central tenet of this paper is the recognition of emotion within a triadic schema for meta-theorising the place of emotion within a creative, learning and product orientated Design and Technology experience. David Spendlove was previously a senior teacher in secondary education before moving into Higher Education and is now the subject leader for Design and Technology at the University of Manchester. He co-edits both Design and Technology Education: An international Journal and the DATA international research conference proceedings. He is a director of the Design and Technology Association and his research interests are broadly based around learning, pedagogy, creativity, emotion and gender.     

Rethinking country effects: robotics,AI and work futures in Norway and the UK

Current debates around robotics and artificial intelligence (AI) are dominated by concerns over the threat to employment, amid widely varying estimates of potential job losses. Countries are expected to fare differently, but there is little comparative research that goes beyond analysing industry and occupational structures. This article rethinks ‘country effects’ by exploring the role of institutions and social actors in shaping technological change in Norway and the UK. Drawing upon interviews with technology experts, employer associations and trade unions, it examines their perspectives on public policy support for the development and diffusion of robotics and AI, along with potential consequences for employment, work and skills. The research indicates significant country differences and the continued relevance of institutions, interests and power in analysing country effects.     

Diffusion and usage of public e-services in Europe: An assessment of country level indicators and drivers

We analyze the state of the art of indicators on e-government, e-health, e-procurement and e-participation. We survey the main methodological properties of these indicators, and highlight their heuristic potential. Further, we address empirically the issue of the explanation of the availability scores, i.e. how the supply of the various e-services in each country is affected by political, institutional and socio-economic differences, and is followed by actual usage. The econometric analysis uncovers the importance of broadband penetration and higher education as drivers for most of the types of e-services and users (citizens and businesses). Moreover, a corruption-free and agile public sector proves to be an important pre-condition for more effective supply and usage. Despite data limitations and the complexity of the underlying diffusion phenomena, our study is the first truly longitudinal contribution aimed at disentangling the common drivers of such an important phenomenon – the e-services availability and usage across European countries. As such, this work appears useful to inform the policy debate and practice, in a phase characterized by a prospective reorientation of the public e-services provision and policy agenda.     

在UNIX和Windows系统之间实现文件及打印机共享

Samba是一组能够运行在UNIX操作系统上的程序,利用这组程序可以实现UNIX和Windows系统之间的文件及打印机共享。介绍了Samba软件的原理及安装,以实例阐明了在UNIX和Windows系统之间实现文件及打印机共享的具体步骤。     

Ethical Judgements in Genetic Engineering: The Implications for Technology Education

Design and technology education aims to prepare young people for living in a rapidly changing technological society which will involve them in making many value judgements, some with complex ethical dimensions. Key aspects of the ethical judgements in relation to genetic engineering are examined: the hidden assumptions, the inevitable unpredictability when dealing with living processes highly interactive with the surroundings, the commercial and political pressures, and the underlying `world-views' and values. It is argued that responsible judgements therefore require wide consultation, sensitivity to social, cultural and moral issues, acknowledgement of the political and economic context, and above all, critical reflection on the beliefs and commitments that are shaping the vision and the drive.Teaching and learning strategies are needed that highlight the social and environmental context of technological activity, that encourage pupils to consider what determines the quality of their own lives and those of others, and that stimulates reflection on the values and beliefs which influence the priorities when value judgements are being made.     

Complementary technologies,knowledge relatedness,and invention outcomes in high technology mergers and acquisitions

Prior research on M&As and invention outcomes has not systematically examined the influence of two types of knowledge differences. Knowledge relatedness has typically been equated with knowledge similarity and the separate influence of knowledge complementarity has been overlooked. Similarly, studies examining innovation outcomes of M&As have typically focused on the role of technological knowledge and overlooked the influence of scientific knowledge. We develop a model of relatedness and invention performance of high‐technology M&As that considers science and technology similarity and complementarity as important drivers of invention. We test the model using a sample of M&As from the drug, chemical, and electronics industries and a fine‐grained measure of knowledge relatedness that distinguishes between science and technology relatedness. We find that complementary scientific knowledge and complementary technological knowledge both contribute to post‐merger invention performance by stimulating higher quality and more novel inventions. This suggests that high‐technology firms seeking acquisitions should search for, identify, and acquire businesses that have scientific and technological knowledge that is complementary to their own. Our results also suggest that similarities in knowledge facilitate incremental renewal, while complementarities would make discontinuous strategic transformations more likely, and that absorptive capacity research should be expanded to consider complementarities as well as similarities. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Actions in phygital space: Work solidarity and collective action among app-based cab drivers in India

This study delineates the microprocesses of solidarity development and the subsequent collective actions of gig workers in India amidst multiple structural constraints. Using netnography, semi-structured interviews and direct observation, we show how digitally naive app-based cab drivers amalgamate physical and digital spaces, construct a phygital space free of managerial gaze and leverage it to bond and bridge, create webs of care and share and resist multiple oppressive forces, individually and collectively. Thus, we broaden the conceptualisation of worker agency beyond labour-management antagonism and extend the extant literature on solidarity development and resistance in gig work by identifying a spatial enabler, phygital free space and the expansive role of relationship-based commitment. Relationship-based commitment not only functions as a membership mobiliser but also helps mobilise collective resistance when interwoven with an external threat-based identity created through injustice framing.     

双环戊二烯与苯乙烯共聚的研究

采用Grubbs催化剂进行双环戊二烯开环移位聚合,重点考察了本体聚合及双环戊二烯与苯乙烯共聚的影响因素,并利用红外光谱和差示扫描量热仪对产物的结构与性能进行了表征。结果表明,对于双环戊二烯本体聚合及双环戊二烯-苯乙烯共聚合体系,随着聚合温度的升高,反应速度增加,凝胶时间变短,但最终单体转化率基本不变;随着催化剂浓度的降低,体系凝胶时间延长。双环戊二烯与苯乙烯的配比对凝胶时间及转化率影响不大,但过量苯乙烯的引入会导致产物玻璃化温度的下降。     

建设工程合同管理的国际比较分析

目前，我国建设工程中合同体系不健全，合同管理水平低。从建设工程合同体系与合同管理两方面进行国际比较分析。合同体系比较分析的内容包括：体系结构、所运用的承包方式、定价方式、本的适用及制订的参与等。合同管理比较分析的内容包括：总分包合同管理、合同的担保与保险，合同的索赔管理，合同的签订与履行等。