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Agricultural promotion groups (APGs) promote the economic welfare of agricultural producers by financing generic advertising and promotion activities intended to expand demand for their commodities in hopes that the benefits will more than cover the cost. A review of the most recent evaluations of 27 major U.S. APG generic advertising and promotion programs conducted by many different researchers using widely different techniques concludes that that those programs have effectively enhanced the profits of their respective stakeholders and generated high rates of returns to the dollars invested in those programs. Importantly, this study finds that the success of those programs in supporting and growing their respective sectors of agriculture has spilled over to the general economy. The programs have created an important multiplier effect through the economy. In the process, jobs have been created; income has been generated; and economic growth has occurred. 相似文献
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我国原木进口变化趋势及其影响因素 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
随着我国经济飞速发展,国内对木材的需求不断增长,而我国木材产量无法满足国内旺盛的需求,木材供求矛盾日益突出。因此,近10年来我国木材进口量大幅增长,特别是原木的进口量占了很大比重。文章先简要介绍了我国木材产量和原木进口情况,然后分别描述了木材产品进口结构的变化和原木进口来源地的变化,最后分析了影响原木进口变化的诸多因素,指出生产效率、社会政策和便利性是促使我国原木进口高速增长的主要因素。 相似文献
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Bo Xiong 《国际粮食与农业综合企业市场学杂志》2013,25(4):343-354
ABSTRACTThe advancement of data science and technology presents a unique opportunity to understand rapidly evolving dietary trend around the world. In this case study, we show that the Baidu index, a measurement of the intensity of user searches for specific words, helps explain and forecast the growth of avocado imports in China. Specifically, we find that China’s avocado imports rise by 8% in response to a 10% increase in the Baidu index. Furthermore, the inclusion of the Baidu index in a standard demand model reduces the prediction error by 2.7%. 相似文献
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Ronald D. Knutson Marco A. Palma Mechel Paggi James Seale Luis A. Ribera David Bessler 《国际粮食与农业综合企业市场学杂志》2014,26(4):326-343
Increases in U.S. consumer incomes result in an increase in imports' share of U.S. consumption. Although U.S. consumers reduce the quantity demanded in response to higher import prices, the reduction is sufficiently inelastic that exporter revenue increases. U.S. Free Trade Agreements have made fresh fruits and vegetables available throughout the year and may also have broadened the U.S. marketing window for imports. Now U.S. food safety regulations favor large operations that can absorb the fixed and seasonal food safety related costs. Therefore, the brunt of the increased import competition is borne by small and medium-size producers. 相似文献
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TONY WEIS 《Journal of Agrarian Change》2004,4(4):461-491
Since the onset of IMF lending in the late 1970s, Washington-based planners have progressively compelled the Jamaican state to abandon its role in agriculture. Jamaica's agricultural adjustment occurred in two stages: first, agricultural development programmes were rolled back in the 1980s; second, liberalizing pressures in the 1990s threatened both the uncompetitive plantation sector (imperilling preferential markets) and domestically oriented small farmers (initiating a flood of cheap food imports). Today, agriculture in Jamaica is on the brink of irrelevance, with serious social and economic consequences in the balance. In critically assessing the process, impacts and illogic of agricultural restructuring in Jamaica, this paper highlights the uneven outcomes of global market integration and points to the urgent need for a reassertion of local sovereignty. 相似文献
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Peter Warr 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》2005,49(4):429-451
Rice is Indonesia's staple food and accounts for large shares of both consumers' budgets and total employment. Until recently, Indonesia was the world's largest importer, but rice import policy is now highly protectionist. Since early 2004, rice imports have been officially banned. Advocates of this policy say it reduces poverty by assisting poor farmers. Opponents say it increases poverty, stressing negative effects on poor consumers. This paper uses a general equilibrium model of the Indonesian economy to analyse the effects of a ban on rice imports. The analysis recognises 1000 individual households, including all major socioeconomic categories, disaggregated by expenditures per person. It takes account of effects on each household's real expenditure and its income, operating through wages and returns to land and capital. The results indicate that the rice import ban raises the domestic price of rice relative to the import price by an amount equivalent to a 125 per cent tariff, six times the pre‐2004 tariff. Poverty incidence rises by a little under 1 per cent of the population and increases in both rural and urban areas. Among farmers, only the richest gain. These results are qualitatively robust to variations in key parametric assumptions. 相似文献
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水产品对外贸易发达与否是衡量一个国家或地区渔业经济发展水平的重要标志之一.近年来,我国水产品出口贸易得到长足发展,中国是世界头号渔业大国,2004年,出口量和出口额分别达到242.1万t,69.7亿美元,占世界水产品出口份额的7%,位居第一.中国是世界第一大海产品生产国,渔业产量占世界的1/3,挪威是世界第一大海产品出口国.本文主要就我国水产品进出口贸易的特点,面临的问题,及我国与挪威水产品贸易概况等方面的研究作一个综述. 相似文献
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Andrew Muhammad Amanda M. Leister Lihong McPhail Wei Chen 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》2014,58(3):392-408
We estimate source‐differentiated wine demand in China using the absolute price version of the Rotterdam demand system. Within the last decade, China has gone from obscurity to an important participant in global wine trade. The continual growth of Chinese wine imports suggests that a one‐time structural shift approach may not fully capture how consumption patterns or demand preferences have changed over time. Thus, a rolling or moving regression procedure is used to account for continual adjustments in import demand patterns and to evaluate overall parameter instability. Our results confirm that Chinese consumers hold French wine in high regard and that French wine demand has consistently increased over the last decade, more than any other exporting source. Consumers in China have gone from allocating about 1/3 to over 1/2 of every dollar to French wine and the expenditure elasticity for French wine mostly increased while the market was expanding. Although Australian wine has a very solid standing in the Chinese market, results suggest that its market share will likely remain unchanged. Marginal budget share and expenditure elasticity estimates indicate that Australia will continue to account for about 20 per cent of the foreign wine market in China. 相似文献
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While the detrimental impact of neoliberal policy on Mexico's maize smallholders is well researched, little attention has been paid to the rise of maize in the northern state of Sinaloa. Sinaloa's entry into maize has restructured the geography of national supply, and generated a new national confidence in white maize self‐sufficiency. Using semi‐structured interviews and secondary data, we document the primary social and political drivers of Sinaloa's maize boom. Local actors trumpet Sinaloa's response as a success story of entrepreneurship and technological innovation, while simultaneously appropriating the language of food sovereignty to justify preferential entitlements in public investment. Our analysis confirms interpretations of neoliberalism as a political project, illustrating how existing natural, social and political capital held by specific interest groups can be leveraged and reinforced through private–public partnerships to mould national policy and investment, and the potential vulnerabilities that may emerge from this process. 相似文献
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首先分析中国主要林化产品1992~2006年进出口贸易情况及特征,然后在整体和分类2个层面上利用产业内贸易指数对中国主要林化产品产业内贸易水平进行测量和分析。结果表明:中国是世界主要林化产品出口国,在国际市场上占有垄断地位。尽管中国林化产品贸易中存在产业内贸易和产业间贸易2种方式,但无论是从总量的角度来说,还是从增量角度来说,林化产品贸易均以产业间贸易为主。在此基础上,提出今后中国林化产品贸易的发展方向。 相似文献
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中国铁矿石进口来源国集中度分析及对策研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选取1992-2012年中国铁矿石进口面板数据,对铁矿石进口市场集中度(CR4&CR8)变化情况进行实证分析,结合贝恩与植草益的市场结构分类标准,中国铁矿石进口市场结构整体上为\"极高寡占型\"。我国铁矿石进口市场存在较大风险,应不断拓宽铁矿石进口来源国范围,采用进口来源国多元化战略;扩大海外投资规模,加快\"走出去\"步伐;加强技术创新,提高我国铁矿石原矿生产能力;增加国家铁矿资源储备,确保我国铁矿资源供应安全。 相似文献
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Peggy Schrobback Eriko Hoshino Sean Pascoe Robert Curtotti 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》2022,66(1):216-236
Australia has experienced a significant increase in seafood imports over the past two decades. Concurrently, Australian seafood producers have raised concerns that the low market prices of imported fish may negatively affect the prices of domestically produced seafood and, subsequently, the profitability of the Australian fishing industries. To validate this concern, this study examines the relationship between prices of domestically produced seafood and imported fish. Price data from the Sydney Fish Market (SFM), Australia’s largest auction wholesale fish market and fish import data are used for a cointegration analysis which is conducted using the bivariate Johansen test. Results indicate that prices of most domestic species traded within the SFM are not cointegrated, implying that they largely develop independently of each other. However, imported fish, particularly fresh imports, were found to be cointegrated with Australian produced fresh fish supplies traded on the SFM. Although the law of one price (LOP) was only confirmed to hold for some price pairs, the results suggest a partial substitution relationship between imports and domestically caught fish. This implies that prices of domestically produced fish within the Australian market are likely impacted by price dynamics within the international seafood market. 相似文献
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鉴于中国原木进口需求弹性的参数值信息有限,利用月度时间序列数据构建中国原木进口需求函数,在Johansen协整框架下展开计量分析。向量误差修正模型的估计结果显示:中国原木的进口需求对所有变量都是缺乏弹性的,且在1%的统计水平上显著;中国国内经济产出和实际进口价格的弹性分别为0.86(±0.05)和-0.68(±0.15),短期对长期均衡的偏离的调整系数为0.61。基于估计参数的预测结果显示,受经济新常态的影响,2020年中国原木进口量约为5067万m3~6464万m3,并呈现平稳增长的态势。 相似文献
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我国大量进口木材的利弊分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
我国森林资源短缺,木材供给严重依赖进口。木材的大量进口势必对我国经济产生复杂的影响。在深入分析木材进口利弊得失的基础上指出,我国木材供给要在相当长的时期内依赖进口。但是从长期来看,大力发展商品林业以减轻进口压力才是根本出路。据此,提出了促进我国商品林发展的有关政策措施。 相似文献
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Andrew Muhammad Amanda M. Countryman 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》2019,63(4):742-758
China is one of the largest wine importing countries in the world and is poised for continued import growth in the future. Increased wine purchases throughout China have given rise to persistent fraud where fake wines are packaged and sold with counterfeit contents and labels. For exporting countries like France, counterfeit wines displace market share, damage foreign brand reputation, and cause distrust in consumers who are aware of counterfeiting problems throughout the country. We examine the impact of fraudulent wine events (as measured by negative media reports) on Chinese wine demand differentiated by supplying country. We employ the Rotterdam demand system and a switching regression procedure to estimate import demand and compare results across different media variable specifications. Results consistently show that negative reports disproportionately affect French wine regardless of how the media variable is specified. This is not surprising because most fraudulent events involve French wine counterfeits. 相似文献