云南德宏州发展外贸加工产业的比较优势与对策研究

文章主要采用文献法和调查法进行研究,以求明确外贸发展定位,理清发展思路,促进德宏外贸转型升级。制约德宏州对外贸易发展的根本因素是未能充分利用自身比较优势发展外贸加工产业．从而导致外贸结构不合理和外贸增长方式粗放。德宏应立足自身比较优势,调整外贸结构．发展外贸加工产业,打造以贸易带加工、以加工促贸易的对外贸易新格局,努力提升外贸国际竞争力。     

Gaijin invasion? A resource dependence perspective on foreign ownership and foreign directors

While boards around the globe are becoming more international, the reasons behind this internationalization are not fully understood. In this study, we suggest that foreign ownership increases the presence of foreign directors on boards. Based on resource dependence theory, we argue that the dependence on foreign owners makes foreign nationals an important resource for firms. Using data from large Japanese stock market firms and employing logistic regression analysis, we find empirical evidence that greater dependence on foreign, i.e. gaijin, owners is associated with a higher probability to have foreign directors on the board. We also demonstrate that the link between foreign ownership and foreign directors is positively moderated by a firm’s foreign market exposure. We conclude that firms consider foreign directors a viable response to the deviant expectations of foreign owners.     

汇率制度改革下商业银行外汇风险管理对策分析

商业银行既是经营外汇业务的中心,又是自负盈亏的经济主体,汇率制度的改革必然会给商业银行的资本充足率、资产负债业务和外汇产品销售带来一定的影响。商业银行要增强对外汇风险的管理意识,调整外汇资产负债的币种结构,优化贷款的行业和客户结构,积极开发和创新外汇避险和外汇理财产品,以不断增强商业银行自身抵御外汇风险的能力。     

Institutional unpredictability and foreign exit−reentry dynamics: The moderating role of foreign ownership

We extend the internationalization process literature by theorizing how institutional unpredictability and its changes can affect the foreign exit?reentry process and how the multidimensionality of foreign ownership can alter these impacts as a firm's conduit to different foreign countries. Drawing on the dynamic institution-based view, we examine a process whereby firms exit and reenter foreign countries in response to institutional dynamism. By distinguishing foreign shareholders from host and nonhost foreign countries, we identify the negative moderation effects of host-country foreign ownership but not nonhost foreign ownership. Our study, therefore, contributes an integrative framework to the de- and re- internationalization research.     

外汇远期套期保值在物流外汇风险管理的应用

在企业物流管理买卖外汇时会面临汇率风险。调查玩具企业外汇风险状况,使用外汇远期协议对外汇交易套期保值,使企业掌握外汇远期套期保值策略,有效地规避物流外汇风险,锁定产品收益和原材料成本,把企业经营得更好。     

Foreign expansion of small firms: The impact of domestic alternatives and prior foreign business involvement

This research analyzes foreign expansions of small firms. In particular, we look at how a small firm's foreign expansion is affected by the join effects of prior foreign business involvement and other factors. We found that when encountering performance downturn and market size decline, small firms with prior foreign business involvement are more likely to use foreign expansion to deal with the problems. This suggests that organizational characteristics mediate the relationship between competitive threats and foreign expansion activities. We also found that small firms' foreign diversification is affected by their product and domestic expansions, suggesting foreign activities of small firms are closely related to their non-foreign strategies.     

外商投资企业的出口溢出效应研究

本文对外商投资企业对我国内资企业的出口溢出效应进行了实证研究,结果表明,总的来说外商投资企业通过出口示范效应、竞争效应提高了我国内资企业的出口倾向,在外商投资企业技术创新水平较高的行业,外商投资企业还会通过技术溢出效应来提高我国内资企业的出口倾向,在外商投资企业技术创新水平较低的行业,外商投资企业的技术创新降低了我国内资企业的出口倾向。本文最后提出了利用外商直接投资提高我国出口竞争力的政策建议。     

关于我国新一轮吸引外商直接投资的思考

本文简要回顾了我国近十几年来外商直接投资的发展状况,提出在吸引外国大型企业的同时,应注意外资优质中小企业的引资工作。通过以营利性为目的的第三方管理公司为桥梁、以政府支持为后盾,积极吸引外资优质中小企业来华投资、大力推进中、外中小企业战略联盟,力促外资优质中小企业来华投资成功,使之成为提高我国外资质量,推动我国新一轮吸引外商直接投资的新动力。     

Foreign Capital Inflows and Economic Growth in Nigeria: Any Nexus?

ABSTRACT

This paper examines the impact of foreign capital inflows on economic growth in Nigeria for 1980–2015 period. It employs Autoregressive Distributed Lagged (ARDL)-bounds test, and finds a cointegration relationship between foreign capital inflows and growth. Specifically, foreign portfolio investment has positive impact on growth, while the impact of foreign loans is negative. Nevertheless, foreign direct investment and foreign aid have insignificant impact on growth, suggesting that Nigeria cannot rely on foreign direct investment and foreign aid as vehicles to stimulate growth. Rather, an increase in foreign portfolio investment or reduction in foreign loans has beneficial effects on the economy.     

关于我国外汇储备安全问题的思考

本文认为,一国外汇储备出现安全问题主要有两方面原因:一是外汇收支连续赤字,以致外汇储备大幅下降;二是所持有的外汇储备不断贬值,导致外汇储备价值降低.要保证我国外汇储备安全,必须双管齐下.第一,加强自主创新,抓紧产业升级和产品升级,在新能源、新材料、生物科技、环保产业等方面寻求新突破,提高我国商品的出口竞争力,同时大力发展旅游等服务业,创造更适于外资进入的投资环境,防止民间资本非正常性地大量外流,以保证国际贸易收支平衡,保证外汇储备不至于大幅下降.第二,优化外汇储备结构,增加外汇黄金储备和外汇资产储备,利用外汇储备作为信贷资金对外贷款,带动产品出口、工程承包、劳务输出等,带动国内经济,利用外币进口先进设备、短缺原材料和燃料,进行海外投资,藏汇于民,以保证外汇储备保值增值.此外,还应进一步研究如何消除人民币小步升值、缓慢升值的不利影响,如何建立符合新型发展中国家现状的、合理的外汇储备量标准,怎样建立外汇储备安全预警机制等问题,加强对与我国联系较多的国家币值变动趋势和汇率决定理论的研究.     

中国外贸增长方式转变的评价指标体系与实证研究

从外贸规模、外贸结构、外贸效益、外贸可持续发展、外贸竞争力五个方面建立外贸增长方式及其转变的评价指标体系,以中国1995—2008年的数据,对外贸增长方式转变成效进行了实证研究表明,从总体上来看,外贸增长方式转变已有成效;规模指标显示外贸规模不断扩大;结构指标显示外贸结构在波动中优化,但优化程度与规模增长相比显得不足;效益指标、可持续发展指标、外贸竞争力指标,都有一定程度的上升。但贸易结构有待进一步优化,贸易条件需要进一步改善,环境、资源指标需要进一步提高,外贸增长方式转变的任务仍然十分艰巨。     

巴西利用外国直接投资及对我国的启示

自从第二次世界大战结束后,巴西开始重视利用外国直接投资,经历了三个阶段的转变,引导外国直接投资流向重点发展部门,在短时间内建立了新兴工业。巴西政府在利用外国直接投资过程中,强调外资来源多样化,引导外国直接投资投向经济欠发达地区,但工业部门受外资控制程度过高,政府部门对国内市场高度保护。我国应借鉴巴西的经验及教训,在吸收外国直接投资过程中保持谨慎,积极引导外商向中西部地区投资,加大引进发达国家直接投资的力度。     

外商直接投资与对外贸易相互关系的实证研究

中国2001年加入世界贸易组织以后,外商直接投资和对外贸易都获得了快速的发展,对促进中国经济的飞速发展起到了巨大的推动作用。本文主要探讨2001-2010年外商直接投资与对外贸易的关系,发现进出口贸易额和外商直接投资不存在长期的稳定关系,但是中国的出口贸易额和外商直接投资存在双向的格兰杰因果关系,并且这种双向关系是互补的,进口贸易额和外商直接投资可能存在一定正向关系,但是这种关系是不显著的。     

Foreign Language Training in U.S. Undergraduate IB Programs: Are We Providing Students What They Need To Be Successful?

A growing number of U.S. business schools now offer an undergraduate degree in international business (IB), for which training in a foreign language is a requirement. However, there appears to be considerable variance in the minimum requirements for foreign language training across U.S. business schools, including the provision of “business” language courses, and in what is viewed as “competence” or “fluency” in a foreign language. Similarly, business schools differ in their procedures for how the foreign language requirement is applied to foreign native speakers and/or to speakers of heritage languages. This study reports the results of an online survey that was sent to 226 schools offering a major or concentration in IB. The findings from 79 reporting schools indicate that the level of proficiency expected of foreign language learners in the IB program continues to vary widely, that few schools require a course in the business aspects of the foreign language, and that there is inconsistency in what is meant by foreign language “competence” and “fluency,” as well as in the treatment of foreign native speakers and heritage speakers of foreign languages. The results question whether students who satisfy the minimum foreign language requirements in undergraduate IB programs are adequately prepared for the professional IB world.     

How does FX liquidity affect the relationship between foreign ownership and stock liquidity?

This study investigates the roles foreign investors play in a representative emerging market, focusing on the relationship between foreign ownership and stock market liquidity as well as this relationship's response to foreign exchange (FX) liquidity. Our analyses yield three main results. First, the bid–ask spread and price impact of stock trades decrease along with foreign ownership, supporting the view that foreign investors tend to improve stock liquidity. Second, foreign ownership decreases along with a decline in FX liquidity, suggesting that foreign investors care about FX liquidity when determining their stock holdings. Third, stock liquidity increases continuously along with foreign ownership as FX liquidity decreases. Overall, this study's evidence indicates that foreign investors, as liquidity providers, can play a positive role in an emerging economy even when FX liquidity declines.     

福建省FDI、对外贸易与经济增长关系的实证研究

福建省利用外资和对外贸易位居全国前列,对推动经济增长起到了重要作用。本文根据1981-2006年福建省统计数据,运用协整检验和误差修正模型,对福建省FDI流入、对外贸易与经济增长关系进行实证研究。结果表明,从长期看,福建省FDI、对外贸易与经济增长之间存在长期均衡关系,FDI、出口和进口明显促进了经济增长。从短期看,FDI、对外贸易与经济增长的长期均衡水平产生了偏离,但偏离误差修正的速度较快。最后,就福建外商直接投资、对外贸易和经济增长协调发展提出了若干政策建议。     

我国外汇储备增长因素的实证分析

我国我汇储备的快速增长及高额的外汇储备规模已经引发了国内学术界的广泛讨论。从我国外汇储备来源看,我国外汇快速增长的主要原因是贸易顺差、外商直接投资和投资热钱。而要控制我国外汇储备的快速增长,必须对外贸政策、外资政策和汇率政策等宏观经济政策进行调整。     

我国中小型外贸企业外汇风险管理研究

人民币汇率风险的来临,使我国中小型外贸企业承受着一定的冲击,结合当前形势以及中小型外贸企业的自身特点．分析企业当前所面临的各种外汇风险以及中小型外贸企业管理外汇风险的必要性,对中小型外贸企业的外汇风险管理提出建议．以求有效地规避风险。     

外贸增长方式评价指标体系的构建及实际运用——以山东省为例

如果没有一个合理性和可操作性均强的外贸增长评价指标体系,我国正在进行的外贸增长方式转变的实际效果就难以得到客观的评价。本文从外贸结构、外贸综合效益和外贸可持续发展三个方面尝试建立了一个外贸增长方式的综合评价指标体系,并使用线性加权和函数法进行综合评价。在此基础上,利用这一评价体系测算了山东省1999年以来外贸增长方式的实际转变效果,对这一评价指标体系的使用进行了演示。     

对江苏省对外贸易结构的实证研究

近几年来,江苏省的对外贸易进入了高速发展阶段。但对外贸易结构中存在着商品结构过度依赖于少数几种商品,国际地区结构还需进一步优化,国内区域结构日益失衡,加工贸易成为对外贸易的主要方式等问题。本文从商品结构、地区结构、区域结构、方式结构、主体结构等五个方面对江苏省的对外贸易结构进行了分析,并提出了优化对外贸易结构的建议。