The Professional Development of Graduate Students for Teaching Activities: The Students’ Perspective

This article provides insight into the skill-development activities of graduate students at U.S. institutions providing graduate education in economics. The authors document the extent of student participation in and preparation for teaching-related activities while in graduate school, finding that more than 50 percent of students are involved in teaching-related activities such as grading, leading recitation sections, and teaching their own sections and that most were satisfied with their preparation. Important differences in participation in these activities are highlighted by assistantship assignments, institution rank, and gender. Findings suggest that programs could do more to prepare students for participation in teaching specific professional activities after graduation.     

Universities and global competition for graduate students: scenarios for Latin America

The purpose of this paper is to lay out future scenarios related to the impact of the intensification of competition between universities and research centres of OECD countries on the stocks and flows of university graduates in Latin America. In conditions of intensified competence, it is possible that the ways in which Latin American countries, universities and university professionals participate in the processes of international mobility will change significantly. This paper proposes different scenarios, combining hypotheses about the global dynamics of skilled mobility and migration of graduate students (conditioned by the behaviour of the demand in developed countries), about their main impacts on Latin America, and about the responses that Latin American governments and universities could make to face this process.     

Universities and global competition for graduate students: scenarios for Latin America

The purpose of this paper is to lay out future scenarios related to the impact of the intensification of competition between universities and research centres of OECD countries on the stocks and flows of university graduates in Latin America. In conditions of intensified competence, it is possible that the ways in which Latin American countries, universities and university professionals participate in the processes of international mobility will change significantly. This paper proposes different scenarios, combining hypotheses about the global dynamics of skilled mobility and migration of graduate students (conditioned by the behaviour of the demand in developed countries), about their main impacts on Latin America, and about the responses that Latin American governments and universities could make to face this process.     

高职院校大学生法律素质的培养途径

实行依法治国,关键在于提高公民的法律素质.大学生是未来法治社会的主体,培养大学生的法律素质是依法治国的必然要求.笔者阐述了培养大学生法律素质的意义,并从四个方面探索大学生法律素质的培养途径问题.     

基于胜任力的高校教师培训体系

近年来,胜任力在高等教育系统中的应用逐渐成为众多专家学者研究的重点。本文在分析胜任力含义的基础上,通过将胜任力模型引入到高校教师的培训体系中,探讨了以胜任力为基础的高校教师培训体系的构建过程,将对高校教师整体素质的提高起到促进作用。     

Preparing Graduate Students in Economics for Teaching: Survey Findings and Recommendations

Survey data from PhD-granting economics departments are used to assess the teaching preparation of graduate students in economics. The results show that relatively few departments require graduate student instructors to take a credit course in teaching before teaching their own course or leading a recitation section. Although more graduate student instructors are required to take a noncredit course in teaching before serving as an instructor or recitation leader, the value of such noncredit courses may be limited. The assessment of teaching preparation by department chairs shows mixed responses, with about three-fifths rating it as very good or good and about two-fifths considering it to be only adequate or poor. Recommendations are offered for improving the teaching preparation of graduate student instructors in economics.     

依托财经办学特色构建多层次一体化培训体系

根据《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010—2020年)》中有关于职业教育的论述精神,职业院校应在开展学历教育的同时,利用学校的优势办学资源开展各类职业培训,为社会服务。以桂林市财贸管理干部中等专业学校为例,从培训模块体系、培训组织体系、质量监控保障体系等方面,构建了一套完整、科学、规范的财经类职业技能培训体系,开展了较大规模的财经技能培训和鉴定考试工作,很好地发挥了为桂北地区经济服务的职能。     

高校师资培训项目财务管理探析

财务管理是从始至终贯穿于高校师资培训项目的综合性管理工作。财务管理的良性平稳运行有助于确保教学、科研等一系列培训相关工作的顺利开展。精细化是高校师资培训项目财务管理的趋势和方向,它要求高校的财务管理制度不断地创新和完善。通过介绍师资培训项目财务管理的重要意义,整理出高校实施精细化财务管理的措施和建议,以使得财务管理更加适应社会新形势发展的要求,进一步提升财务管理的效率和水平。     

财经类大学生思想行为特点及对策研究

文章认为高校财经类专业学生在思想观念、专业学习、文化素质、情感等方面具有与其它专业不同的特点,并根据财经类专业学生的思想特点和行为方式,探讨了教育管理内容,提高思想政治教育工作的针对性和实效性。     

Teacher characteristics and academic achievement

Identifying the impact of teacher characteristics on academic achievement has been a salient and reoccurring topic in education. We employ a twin-by-year identification strategy using matched teacher-student data from North Carolina to credibly estimate the impact of teacher characteristics such as experience, certification, and advanced degrees on academic achievement in math and reading. By using within-family variation the estimates from our model improve upon on earlier work by for time varying unobservable family shocks to non-schooling inputs. Our findings reveal that teacher experience and National Board certification have positive and significant effects on achievement in reading and math; however, we find inconclusive effects for advanced degrees. Notably, we show that teacher experience has the largest effects on student achievement, but our effects are smaller than the standard estimates in the literature. Overall, our estimates provide lower upper bounds for these key teacher characteristics.     

A new definition of and role for preferences in positive economics

Positive economic models aim to provide truthful explanations of significant (aspects of) economic phenomena. While the notion of ‘preferences’ figures prominently in micro-economic models, it suffers from a remarkable lack of conceptual clarity and rigor. After distinguishing narrow homo economicus models (self-interest maximization) from broader ones (preference satisfaction) and rehearsing the criticisms both have met, I go into the most promising attempt to date at addressing them, developed by Hausman. However, his definition of preferences as ‘total comparative evaluations’, I argue, plays into the general disregard that economists have for human psychology. My alternative definition of preferences as ‘overall comparative evaluations’ – and hence as one of the many factors that influence people’s behavior – allows for more adequate causal explanations of people’s dutiful, committed, and norm-guided actions. Against Hausman but in agreement with Sen, it also allows for (motivated) counterpreferential choice.     

新形势下做好大学生职业生涯规划的探讨与思考

大学生职业生涯规划是为帮助大学生进行职业生涯设计、确定人生目标、选择职业角色、寻求最佳发展途径的专门性、专业性辅导,其实质和核心是引导大学生通过自我认识,促进自我成长,最终达到自我实现的目标。     

新疆新型农民科技培训效果调查分析

传统农民忽视科技培训,已经不能适应现代农业发展的需要。通过对新疆典型地区的调查分析,可以了解新疆新型农业科技培训的基本现状;可以看到,通过培训,农民收入增加,农村组织化程度等方面也有显著提高。     

On Teacher Politeness Principles in EFL Classroom

It is proved that teachers' politeness behavior can highly motivate students' learning impulse and improve teaching process. Politeness phenomenon in classroom has been broadly discussed and studied; however, there are still no systematic politeness principles that can be reasonably applied into the teaching process. On the basis of the politeness theories and a case study, this paper tries to seek a more reasonable and more efficient politeness principle in EFL classroom.     

研究生教育中的知识产权问题及对策思考

探讨了研究生教育中存在的种种知识产权问题,分析了其危害性,试图从研究生的培养过程、学术评价的导向、对学术不良行为惩处不严、未注意培养研究生的基本学术道德和学术素养4个方面追溯问题产生的原因,在此基础上提出解决研究生教育中知识产权问题的相应对策。     

浅析昆山市新农村建设中如何加强农民培训

建设社会主义新农村,最重要的条件就是要有大量的高技能、高素质的现代化新农民。而要有现代化的新农民,就必须对现有的农民进行培训,以提高他们的综合素质。结合昆山市在农民培训中的实践活动,阐述了农民培训的重要性,并且提出了具体的建议。     

大学生就业营销策略

近年来，高校大学生就业难的问题日趋突出。高校缺乏应对机制、大学生对自身能力的要求不明确在很大程度上导致了就业危机。大学生就业市场营销注重从就业市场需求出发制定战略决策，在周密细致的市场调研、市场细分、目标市场选择和市场定位的基础上，制定市场营销组合策略，即产品、价格、地点、促销的组合。各个高校要结合自己的特点和优势，研究营销策略，开展就业指导，努力为毕业生就业广辟渠道。     

大学英语课堂教师话语分析

教师话语具有双重作用,一方面它是教师传授知识的媒介,另外一方面它作为目的语起着示范作用。因而,国内外今年来有越来越多的学者开始关注教师的话语,分析其数量和质量与课堂教学效果的关系。针对大学英语课堂这一特殊而又关键的场所,对教师的话语从语言的调整、教师提问、学生的反馈作了介绍。除此以外,针对教师话语存在的问题,提出应当从课堂,语言能力的角度提升话语质量从而有效利用好课堂的宝贵时间。     

Teacher and Student Economic Understanding in Transition Economies

This study describes a new data set and uses it for an exploratory investigation of whether seminars for teachers conducted by the National Council on Economic Education through its International Education Exchange Program (IEEP) had a beneficial effect on the economic understanding of the high school students of these teachers. The data were collected using a non-equivalent control group design that sorted teachers into two groups based on whether or not they participated in an IEEP seminar. Pre- and posttests of economics were administered to the students of these teachers in Lithuania, Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan, and Poland. The exploratory results showed a larger increase in the economic understanding of students of teachers who participated in the IEEP seminars compared with students of teachers who did not. The results also showed that knowledge of economics among IEEP teachers was a factor for improving student achievement in economics. The findings should be viewed with caution because of data limitations.     

Firm-provided training and temporary contracts

This paper analyses the relationship between workers type of contract and the probability of receiving firm-provided training. In particular, we raise the following question: do workers with temporary contracts face the same probability of receiving training as workers with permanent contracts, once we account for the fact that both types of workers have different probabilities of being employed in a firm providing training? The results from our empirical analysis using data from the Spanish labour market suggest that workers with temporary contracts not only are less likely to be employed in training firms but, once they are in those firms, they also have a lower probability of being chosen to participate in firm-provided training activities.JEL Classification: J23, M53Authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from Universidad de Alcalá under research project La relación entre temporalidad y formación en la empresa: un análisis comparativo entre los países de la Unión Europea (award no. UAH2002/022) and from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology under research project Observatorio del mercado de trabajo (SEC2001-0061). We have also benefited from our participation in the research project Estudio sobre la situación actual de la contratación temporal e indefinida en España financed by the Spanish Employment Office (INEM). We are grateful to participants in the XXVII Simposio de Análisis Económico (Salamanca), V Jornadas de Economía Laboral (Reus-Tarragona), and a seminar in the Istituto de Ricerca Sociale (Milano), and to one anonymous referee. The usual disclaimer applies.