我国企业社会责任评价休系的构建

当前我国企业社会责任实践中所出现的问题依然很普遍.最主要的原因是缺乏引导企业履行社会责任的评价体系和执行监督体系.文章在归结我国企业应承担的对利益相关者的责任的基础上,提出我国企业社会责任应包括经济责任、法律责任、伦理责任和环境责任四个方面,并据此尝试设计适合我国企业的社会责任评价指标体系.     

社会责任视角下的MBA教育取向

在现代管理活动中,社会责任问题已是组织与管理者不可回避的问题.企业社会责任的本质是在经济全球化背景下企业对其自身经济行为的道德约束,它既是企业的宗旨和经营理念,又是企业用来约束企业内部包括供应商生产经营行为的一套管理和评估体系.由于MBA教育主要以培养职业经理人为价值追求,因此,将社会、环境等社会责任议题纳入企业管理教育,培养学员对企业可持续发展的管理,必将对促进和推动社会、环境、经济的可持续发展产生重大的意义.     

基于环保视角的企业社会责任构建

经济的高速发展为社会带来了繁荣,但环境问题也接踵而至,成为威胁人类可持续发展的重大问题。企业作为环境资源的主要利用者,保护环境不仅是其应该承担的社会责任,也是提高企业竞争力、实现可持续发展的必由之路。但目前企业在厉行环境责任过程中还存在环境立法缺失、环境政策手段单一、企业自身环保意识淡薄等方面的问题,因此,应通过完善环境立法、构建有效的环境政策体系、强化企业的社会责任意识等途径促使企业积极履行环境责任,最终实现社会的可持续发展。     

社会责任与企业可持续发展研究

在经济全球化背景下,企业社会责任逐渐演变成一种全球运动,社会要求企业做合格"企业公民"的呼声越来越大.企业要想达到可持续发展的目标,就必须服从这一发展规律.由于我国的法律法规还不健全以及我国的特殊国情,使得这一目标在我国还远远没有实现.这就要求无论是政府还是社会都必须积极地引导和鼓励企业履行社会责任,并逐渐完善社会监督体系;企业自身也应将履行社会责任纳入企业发展战略中去.     

论企业的社会责任问题

企业社会责任是由西方学术界提出的,经济发达的国家十分重视企业应履行的社会责任.随着我国市场经济的发展和经济全球化,我国企业在发展中日渐暴露出社会责任缺失的问题,现有的传统会计已经不能完全反映企业所引起的社会问题,如分配问题、环境问题.企业社会责任会计作为我国会计学研究领域的一个新分支,本文首先分析企业社会责任会计实施的紧迫性和必要性,再探究其发展过程中存在的问题,最后提出了在我国推动企业社会责任建立、发展与完善的建议.     

企业环境社会责任的经济法制度支撑

企业社会责任观念是构建企业和社会和谐关系的一种基本思想.企业环境社会责任是企业承担广泛社会责任的重要方面.环境问题的日益恶化引发了人们对自身生产生活方式的反思,也使得传统企业社会责任的内容得以深化,从最开始的劳工问题和慈善事业扩展到了环境领域.企业环境社会责任理论的出现,为我们解决环境问题提供了一种新的范式.目前国内关于企业环境社会责任问题的专门研究并不多见,从经济法分析的角度更少.     

治理视域下的企业社会责任

文章借助治理理论对企业社会责任内容进行分析,认为企业在承担经济责任、法律责任的同时,应主动承担起相应的道德和公益责任,以实现自身和社会发展的双赢目标。最后,文章认为通过建立健全法律法规制度、加强监督和约束制度、树立积极主动的社会责任观是我国构建企业社会责任体系的关键。     

论财务目标实现与企业责任

企业责任是一个永恒的话题.本文将从财务目标实现的角度出发,对企业的经济责任、社会责任和环境责任的关系以及履行企业责任对实现财务目标的影响进行探讨.     

企业社会责任与政府创新

企业社会责任不只是企业自身的经营理念或社会责任管理体系,企业也是在一定的社会环境中发展和运作的,企业社会责任的发展离不开一定的社会环境.在西方发达国家,企业社会责任并不是完全是靠企业家自身的觉醒形成的,而是在市民社会的基础和各种社会责任运动的共同作用下发展起来的.     

我国企业社会责任评价指标的选取

随着我国经济的蓬勃发展,一些企业只注重经济利益而忽略了应履行的社会责任,与之相关的社会问题逐渐显现,破坏环境、损害消费者或职工利益的问题时有发生.在这种情况下,客观评价企业社会责任的履行情况显得尤为重要.本文首先阐述了企业社会责任的内涵,继而提出了企业社会责任评价指标的选取原则,最后按照企业的各利益相关者提出了企业社会责任履行情况的评价指标.     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

生物群落结构原型的仿生学模拟

模拟生命系统管理规律的科学即管理仿生学,是知识时代仿生学研究的新领域与前沿.基于模拟生物群落结构规律的研究目的,采用仿生学模拟的研究方法,以生物群落结构为原型,建立了仿生群落结构模型.结论为:垂直结构、水平结构、时间结构与交错区结构是支持生物群落生命活动的结构规律,以该规律为原型,推理建立了仿生分层结构、仿生优化结构、仿生动态结构与仿生相邻结构,四种仿生结构分别侧重于管理资源的分层管理、局部优化管理、动态过程管理、相邻关系管理,该模型为建立类似生物群落的人造管理系统即仿生群落管理系统提供了仿生结构模型.可以预测,该模型具有广泛的应用价值,能够推动管理仿生学的发展.