相位噪声对PSK系统性能的影响

在介绍相位噪声定义的基础上,分析了相移键控（PSK）接收系统的本振信号源相 位噪声对误码率的影响。以QPSK调制方式为例,仿真了相位噪声对系统误码率影响, 结果证明了接收系统中本振信号源相位噪声的重要性。以实际工程中使用的本振 信号源为例,推导了相位噪声和信号抖动所导致的BPSK和QPSK接收系统信噪比的限制。理论 分析与工程实践相结合,可以更好地得出相位噪声对PSK接收系统的影响,对接收系统的工 程设计具有一定的指导意义。     

The competitive solution and the health care problems of today

Mark Pauly claims that a "competitive" health care system will solve the health care cost crisis. This article examines how well the competitive solution deals with the five central problems of the health care system: (1) almost universal lack of adequate health insurance for nursing homes and home care; (2) Medicaid's penurious approach to payment for health services for the poor; (3) the emergence of a dual health care system, especially for children; (4) the entrenched waste and inefficiency of the health care system; and (5) consumers' inability to judge the quality of health care. The competitive solution does not eliminate any of these problems--and may not even improve some of them.     

E-coli,Repo Madness,and the Financial Crisis

All bond prices plummeted (spreads rose) during the financial crisis, not just the prices of subprime-related bonds. These price declines were because of a banking panic in which institutional investors and firms refused to renew sale and repurchase agreements (repos)—short-term, collateralized, agreements that the U.S. Federal Reserve rightly used to count as money. Collateral for repos was, to a large extent, securitized bonds. Firms were forced to sell assets as a result of the banking panic, reducing all bond prices and creating losses. There is nothing mysterious or irrational about the panic. There were genuine fears about the locations of subprime risk concentrations among counterparties. This banking system (the “shadow” or “parallel” banking system)—repos based on securitization—is a genuine banking system, as large as the traditional, regulated banking system. It is of critical importance to the economy because it is the funding basis for the traditional banking system. Without it, traditional banks will not lend and credit will not be created.     

Vocational education and training and employer engagement: an industry‐led sectoral system in the Netherlands

The overall objective of this paper is to determine, through a qualitative case study of the Dutch sectoral training system, factors associated with successful employer engagement. As well as examining the key features of the Dutch approach to vocational education and training (VET), the article makes a number of specific arguments: (1) employer ‘buy‐in’ is crucial to the success of the sectoral approach to VET; (2) simply establishing a system of sector‐based training bodies (e.g. skills councils) does not guarantee effective employer engagement; and (3) to make sectoral training work, especially in countries where a ‘supply‐led’ system dominates, a fundamental reform is required in areas such as funding, qualification structure, leadership and system support.     

基于部分积累制的养老金替代率水平研究

中国养老保险制度正进行改革并向部分积累制转轨 ,部分积累制是由社会统筹加个人账户组成的。研究了基于此模式的养老金替代率水平问题 ,对经济处于稳态和长期均衡状况进行了分析 ,并建立了养老金替代率决定模型。对中国目前所推行的部分积累制模式的养老金替代率作了实证研究     

How global is the Global Compact?

Launched by the United Nations in 2000, the Global Compact (GC) promotes private sector compliance with 10 basic principles covering human rights, labour standards, the environment, and anti-corruption. Its sponsors aim to establish a global corporate social responsibility (CSR) network based on a pledge to observe the 10 principles adopted by companies across the range of company size and regional origin, backed by a modest reporting system and collaborative programmes. The author analyzes the GC's progress toward building a global network from its launch through 2006 and finds that, while the GC's nominal membership base of nearly 3000 companies makes it the largest system among collective action institutions (CAIs) for corporate responsibility, the GC has not reached 'critical mass'. Deficiencies in its nascent global network include limited market penetration among the largest corporations, a membership heavily weighted toward Western European companies, and major weaknesses in compliance with its reporting system. The author concludes that the GC must improve both penetration and compliance if it is to succeed in building a global standard for CSR.     

Measuring the Market Power of the Portuguese Milk Industry

This paper is based on the previous work of Appelbaum (Journal of Econometrics, 1979, 9, pp. 283-94; 1982, 19, pp. 287-99). Iwata (Econometrics 1974, 42, pp. 947-66) and Rogers (PhD Dissertation, GeorgeWashington University, 1983).We estimate the degree of market power of an oligopolistic industry, using a linear system and the 2SLS estimation method. Our departure point is the work of Appelbaum (1982) where a 'market power index' is estimated for each of the sample's 25 years. As the market power index depends functionally on the conjectural elasticity, the goal is to obtain annual estimates for that elasticity. For this purpose, Appelbaum defines a non-linear simultaneous-equation system and obtains, with non-linear methods, the conjectural elasticity estimates for each year of the sample. Considering the conjectural elasticity's functional form that Appelbaum adopts, we use a different approach and obtain a linear system that is easier to estimate. Due to the particular features of the industry analysed, we also derive a much simpler form for the equations involved. The model's simplicity is appealing and its generalisation to other industries with homogeneous products may be implemented with ease.     

基于TDOA原理的地面定位系统中HDOP的研究

分析了在基于到达时间差(TDOA)原理的地面定位系统中基站布局与定位精度的关系,给出了水平几何布局和精度因子(HDOP)的计算方法并讨论了HDOP的下界。最后针对几种不同的基站布局方案,对HDOP的分布进行了仿真,给出了一种工程中可以应用的布局方案。     

Factors Affecting the Offshore Deployment of Interorganizational Systems in China: A Case Study Analysis

ABSTRACT

Because of the significant market potential in China, many international enterprises are moving their production line to China. Accompanying production offshoring is the shifting of information systems to ensure that the production processes remain efficient and effective both at home and abroad. However, many enterprises encounter problems while deploying offshore information systems in China, especially when the systems are interorganizational systems (IOS) that span organizational boundaries and involve the management of relationships among participants. Therefore, this paper aims to identify critical success factors of offshore interorganizational systems in China through a case study of a supply chain relationship based on an e-procurement system between a Taiwanese personal computer manufacturer and its Chinese partners. Although this system had been well used by Taiwanese users, the performance of this system in China was relatively unsatisfactory in terms of grant complaints from Chinese users. Based on the relational view of the firm, four IOS-specific relational factors are proposed and examined: (1) IOS-specific assets, (2) IOS knowledge-sharing routines, (3) system complementarity, and (4) IOS governance. The case analysis reveals that effective IOS governance most strongly affects the results of offshoring in China, whereas system complementarity has the least influence.     

质疑国际财务报告准则的先进性

本文基于经济学和法学的规范研究范式提出了两个悖论,首次全面地揭示了国际财务报告准则在具体规则和理论框架上所存在的双重缺陷。文章认为,国际财务报告准则反映了证券行业试图统一上市公司信息披露规则的迫切意愿,它最终体现的是证券行业的利益。为建立良好的法制市场和稳定的会计制度,我国研究者必须探索出体现本土价值观的会计理论。按照依法记账的原则建立稳定合理的企业会计法规体系,是完善市场法制、规范经济秩序的重要基础。     

Understanding the intention to buy secondhand clothing on sharing economy platforms: The influence of sustainability,distance from the consumption system,and economic motivations

Sharing economy (SE) platforms are increasingly providing an effective means of connecting providers and users of secondhand goods. While media seem to emphasize that the trend of selling/buying secondhand has been growing due to the consolidation and development of peer-to-peer (P2P) sharing platforms, a comprehensive identification of the antecedents of buying secondhand on SE platforms is virtually missing. This study addresses this gap by (a) identifying different sets of motivations and attitudes leading consumers to adopt SE platforms for secondhand buying and (b) testing a model on a sample of UK consumers in the context of P2P sharing platforms for secondhand clothing. This study reveals that there are three major antecedents of consumers' attitude towards buying secondhand clothes on P2P–SE platforms: perceived sustainability, economic motivations, and taking a distance from the consumption system. Perceived sustainability and economic motivations influence positively attitude toward buying secondhand, as well as motivations in the form of distance from the consumption system. Attitude toward buying secondhand is positively influenced also by distance from the system and, in turn, has a strong positive influence on behavioral intention to buy secondhand clothes. Moreover, past experience of buying secondhand online has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between perceived sustainability and distance from the consumption system.     

Methodological challenges in hip fracture registration: the Harstad Injury Registry

The aim of the study was to evaluate a hospital-based injury recording system on hip fracture registration in elderly persons aged?+?65 years from 1994 through 2008, and to examine the agreement between the number of validated fractures and the number of fractures reported to the Norwegian Patient Registry using three different sources: (1) Medical records, (2) Patient administrative system and (3) The hospital's hip fracture record to the Norwegian Patient Registry from 2002 through 2008. The injury recording system included 582 hip fracture events and 535 (92%) were confirmed through the medical records. Reasons for non-verification were different coding failures. Searching the patient administrative system using ICD codes identified 16 hip fractures not included in the fracture registry between 2002 through 2008. The total number was the same as the number of hip fractures reported to the Norwegian Patient Registry using ICD codes alone for identification. The conclusion is that on well-defined diagnosis like hip fractures, local fracture registries may obtain a high degree of reliability if different sources are available for quality control. Well-functioning patient administrative systems may be used to study numbers of hip fractures.     

基于公司价值最大化的业绩评价体系构建 ——EVA 与BSC 的集成研究

作为企业业绩评价使用较广泛的两种评价方法,经济增加值(EVA)与平衡记分卡(BSC)各具优缺点。本文从公司价值最大化的角度探讨两种绩效评价方法——EVA和BSC,提出了公司价值—EVA—BSC关系图,并通过AHP层次分析法,将两者进行集成优化,有机融合构建一种新的业绩评价体系,实现EVA与BSC两种绩效评价方法的集成,它以BSC为载体,以EVA为价值导向,优化企业业绩评价体系,使企业能更好地实现价值最大化目标。     

我国推行预约定价制的可行性、难题及对策

预约定价制是近些年来国际上兴起的用以解决跨国关联企业间转让定价税制问题的一项新型制度。世界各国为了有效地解决跨国关联企业转让定价这一国际难题都纷纷推行这一新型制度,我国近几年也开始引进这一新型制度,但实施有一定的难度,应尽快出台“预约定价操作规程,签订开展国际反避税的条约和协定,建立完善的价格信息系统,设置专业机构并配备专职的人员,逐步推行预约定价制。     

认知无线电物理层安全研究

通过分析认知无线(CR)物理层面临的安全问题,提出了动态跳频扩谱通信机制,并将跳频通信引入认知无线电体系,提高了认知无线电系统的安全性。     

DotNetNuke在电子商务领域的应用

DotNetNuke是国外的开源内容管理系统。本文分析了构成DotNetNuke系统的三层结构,并以实例的形式阐述了DotNetNuke在电子商务领域的应用。本文旨在分析这一开源系统的架构并对其中的一个关键技术做深入的研究和应用。     

User Acceptance of E-Collaboration Technology: An Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model

This study investigates the applicability of Davis' Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in the user acceptance of electronic collaboration technology. A courseware management tool is used to test the various findings of TAM. Perceived usefulness of the technology emerges as a positive impact on perceived usefulness, and usefulness, in turn, has a negative relationship with system usage. Additionally, certain aspects of system usage influenced student performance in the course. Prior use of the system also affected system use.     

促进国民经济发展国内循环和国际循环良性互动

《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和二〇三五年远景目标的建议》提出,加快构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局。这是在深入分析国内国际形势后做出的重大判断,也是一个重大的长期战略部署。围绕畅通国民经济循环,要深化设计、深入推进体制改革,培育形成自动调节促进国民经济循环顺畅的内在机制。加快培育内需市场体系,需增强自主自强的国内市场供给体系,提高市场供给与市场需求的适配性。构建新发展格局,必须依靠科技创新支撑和引领,并以高水平对外开放驱动国内国际双循环。     

Exchange-rate Regimes and the Transition Process in the Western Balkans

Although the importance for successful transition of a monetary policy aiming at a sustainable price level has often been stressed in the academic literature, there is still ample room for further research into the choice of the exchange-rate system throughout the different phases of the transition process. This article deals with the question of how the choice of a specific exchange-rate system affects the economic success of a country in transition and, above all, its gradual integration into the European Union (EU) and European Monetary Union (EMU). It focuses on the transition process in five South-Eastern European countries (SEECs). The authors are grateful for valuable comments received from participants in the EUROFRAME 2006 Conference in Berlin, Germany, the ICMAIF 2007 Conference in Rethymno, Greece, and the EEFS 2007 Conference in Sofia, Bulgaria.     

British retailing: the institutional context

This paper argues that retail change is profoundly influenced by the national context in which trading takes place. The British retail system is seen as controlled by key agents, the most powerful of whom are in the City of London (the City) and who control the systems for funding. This highly concentrated power leads to a herd mentality that often has the effect of driving all the leading chains into the same predictable formats. This problem is illustrated by reference to the British food retailing system. It is further suggested that a paradigm that makes explicit the power relationships in the system is the most appropriate one to aid our deeper understanding of change.