台湾旅游专业大学生实习的期望与评估研究

本文以台湾真理大学旅游学院为例,采用问卷方法,研究学生从事旅游实习的期望与成效。研究表明:(1)学生在选择实习单位时自主性高,不易受外界环境影响因素左右;(2)学生对从实习获得实际操作技术经验及专业知识有高度期望;(3)实习的最大收获为实质的知识与专业技能的获得;性别、实习的找寻方式、业者提供的实习方式(例如工作轮调,沟通管道和职前培训)和企业的规模均对学生实习期望和成效有一定显著影响;学生实习期望越高时,所获得的实习成效将相对提高。     

中国旅游规划师职业资格认证制度的构想——基于国内外认证制度的比较研究

旅游规划市场的繁荣发展对专业旅游规划人才的需求越来越突出。本文从我国旅游规划师职业教育的现状入手,分析注册规划师制度处于空白的原因以及引发的问题,在借鉴国内外旅游职业教育和认证制度的基础上,从制度和管理角度构建了我国旅游规划师职业资格认证制度的框架,以期对旅游规划师制度建设有所借鉴。     

海南居民对国际旅游岛政策影响的感知及态度

旅游目的地社区居民对于旅游影响的感知及态度一直是旅游地理学研究的热点议题。然而,国内外学界鲜有关注旅游地居民对于重大旅游政策影响的感知及态度。国际旅游岛政策实施将对包括海南居民在内的利益攸关者产生重要且深远的影响。文章研究发现：1）海南居民对于国际旅游岛政策普遍持积极态度,但对该政策内容的实际认知程度较低;2）现阶段海南居民对于国际旅游岛政策的影响较为乐观,而对于该政策的风险感知较弱;3）尽管海南居民普遍热衷于彩票等博彩娱乐活动,然而,对于即将在海南试水的博彩旅游项目大部分持较为消极和反对的态度,性别、户口、年龄、居住时间、月收入水平和职业等因素均显著影响其对博彩旅游发展的态度;4）社会交换理论可以被用来解释居民对于重大旅游政策影响的感知及态度,居民对于该政策的积极影响感知越强烈,越倾向于支持该政策。未来随着国际旅游岛政策负面影响逐渐显现,海南居民对于该政策的态度可能会出现分化。     

The impacts of student and life satisfaction on tourism students’ perceived sense of belonging

This study explores how tourism students’ satisfaction with their lives and academics affect their sense of belonging within their school communities. The primary supporting research was conducted using a questionnaire, which 285 students in Akdeniz University’s Faculty of Tourism answered. The mean scores of the two scales (life satisfaction and sense of belonging) and the dimensions of student satisfaction were used to conduct multiple regression analysis. The results suggest that two aspects of student life (teaching staff and school management vs. student support and counseling) and life satisfaction had a direct correlation with students’ sense of belonging.     

Research on Correlations Between Off-School Internship Systems and Work Performances in Hospitality and Tourism Education

ABSTRACT

The development of hospitality and tourism education in Taiwan in the past two decades brought forth various off-school internship systems to meet the needs of educational and business fields. This paper, with methods of literature review, interview, and pragmatic investigation, researched tourism-related students' work performances under different off-school internship systems. The data gathered and analyzed came from interviews and questionnaires with directors of Personnel, Room Service, and Food and Beverage Departments from select international tourist hotels with tourism-related off-school intern programs in Taiwan.

The results showed, in correlated recognition of hospitality and tourism education and off-school internship, no matter what the degree of emphasis or satisfaction was, business directors placed higher appraisals on off-school internship systems of Employment Link Intern Program, Old Sandwich Intern Program, and New Sandwich Intern Program. In regard to work performances, interns did better in aspects of interpersonal relationship, work adjustment, service concepts, and interest for learning, while worse in aspects of foreign language proficiency and customer complaint management. In regard to off-school internship systems, interns of Sandwich Intern Programs (both Old and New) performed better than those of other systems. To be specific, interns of New Sandwich Intern Program fared the best, with those of Old Sandwich Intern Program being second, and those of Vocational Intern Program the third.     

构建全新的高等旅游职业教育发展模式

21世纪将是世界旅游业长盛不衰的鼎盛时期。旅游业的飞速发展有赖于人才资源 ,而人才资源的开发又有赖于旅游职业教育。为此 ,我们必须构建与现代旅游发展相适应的全新的高等旅游职业教育发展模式。     

Tourism education and internships: a metaphor analysis

The objective of the present study was to examine tourism undergraduates’ perceptions of their education and internship experiences through metaphorical analysis whilst striving to raise the awareness of tourism educators towards using metaphors. A qualitative methodology was used to explore this phenomenon. Participants were senior students (n = 94) from the Faculty of Tourism at Akdeniz University in Antalya, Turkey. The data were collected with a semi-structured questionnaire and processed using content analysis. Next, metaphors found in answers were categorised into different groups, and relevant excerpts were identified. The results provide insights useful to both tourism education providers and tourism establishments. Conclusions, limitations and future research directions are also presented.     

职业教育的基本特征对旅游高等教育的启示

旅游高等教育是面向和服务于旅游产业 ,具有鲜明职业特征的专业教育 ;职业教育是相对独立的教育类型 ,具有不同于普通教育的人才培养模式。本文通过分析职业教育在教育目标、教育内容、教育方式、教育媒体等教育四元素上的特征、与学科教育的异同点 ,试图从新的角度来看待旅游高等教育中亟待解决的问题 ,并针对问题提出若干看法 ,希望能为旅游高等教育的创新和发展抛砖引玉     

从旅游学的研究角度看旅游高等教育

在高等教育改革的背景下 ,职业教育和专业教育的关系被进一步关注 ,而旅游行业本身的特点 ,对旅游高等教育提出了更多要求。本文着重从旅游学的研究角度 ,包括理论方面和研究现状 ,尤其是旅游学的基础理论、学科分支和学科成熟度等方面作了分析 ,提出对旅游学研究的把握是旅游高等教育安排中要深入考量的因素     

旅游管理专业的学科认同:量表开发与维度测量

学科认同是表现学习者认可自身价值和追求职业发展目标的重要衡量指标之一.文章在文献分析、成熟量表测度语句借鉴、访谈和自编测度语句基础上开发了旅游管理专业的学科认同问卷,通过对西安6所高校旅游管理专业本科生的正式调查,采用探索性和验证性因子分析方法验证了旅游管理专业学科认同的结构和关联维度.研究结果表明:所开发的量表具有较好的整体结构和关联维度;旅游管理专业的学科认同由专业学习、专业前景、专业意识、职业发展、专业投机、社会偏见、专业归属等7个维度构成;7个维度中专业学习、专业前景、专业意识对旅游管理专业的总体学科认同影响力最大.该研究对于未来旅游管理专业学科优化、学生职业教育培养和引平等均具有参考价值.     

Can community-based tourism contribute to sustainable development? Evidence from residents’ perceptions of the sustainability

In this paper, the research gaps in sustainable tourism development were addressed by examining residents' perceptions of the sustainability of community-based tourism based on tourism area life cycle theory. The survey questionnaire was distributed to the residents of six Taiwanese communities, and it was designed to determine the residents' perceptions of the economic, socio-cultural, environmental, and life satisfaction sustainability of tourism. In total, 849 usable questionnaires were collected. The analytical results further elucidated the sustainability of nature-based tourism and suggested that the economic, socio-cultural, and environmental sustainability varied significantly in the consolidation, development, and involvement stages of community-based tourism development. The four dimensions of sustainability were evaluated according to the pre- and post-development perceptions of tourism sustainability, and significantly different results were obtained. The study concludes that the residents’ perceptions differed across the developmental stages; thus, managers should consider the development opportunities and adopt appropriate strategies across different development stages.     

贫困与非贫困户旅游扶贫政策绩效感知差异研究——以恩施为例

为了明确回答旅游扶贫是否存在"扶富不扶贫"现象,文章以恩施州22个旅游扶贫重点村农户的问卷调查数据为依据,以农户感知为视角,采用探索性因子分析从政策执行和效果两大方面探索旅游扶贫政策绩效感知的维度,并评价感知水平,采用独立样本t检验分析贫困户与非贫困户对旅游扶贫政策绩效感知的差异及形成原因。研究发现:旅游扶贫政策绩效包括3个政策执行感知维度和6个政策效果感知维度;受访农户总体上对宏观政策覆盖的感知高于对微观政策覆盖和政策执行力度的感知,对旅游发展带来的环境、经济、素质提升的正面效应感知高于对环境、经济、社会负面效应的感知,但认可度都不高;与非贫困户相比,贫困户更不认可旅游发展促进了地方经济的发展、个人收入的增加和素质提升的作用,却更认可旅游发展带来的经济成本,表现出相对剥夺感。最后,根据研究结果,从充分发展旅游经济、实施制度增权、建立利益分享机制3个方面为恩施州旅游扶贫政策的完善提出了针对性建议。     

Why volunteer teaching tourism? Empirical evidence from China

Volunteer teaching tourism, as a particular type of volunteer tourism supported by China government, has become an effective supplement to and acceleration for education development in the regions of China where education resources are limited. The motivation and experience of volunteers have a direct impact on the healthy and sustainable development of volunteer teaching tourism. This study therefore aims to identify motivation of Chinese youth participating in volunteer teaching tourism in China, and the relationships between motivation, satisfaction, and behavioral intention are further examined. Empirical results show that in addition to the six motives advanced by Clary et al. (1998), two unique motives are further identified: love of children and desire to travel. Among these eight motives, three have significant effects on post-trip satisfaction, and post-trip satisfaction further influences behavioral intention. The implications benefit both organizational and governmental bodies who seek to develop both national and international volunteer teaching tourism.     

山地旅游者人格特质如何影响环境负责任行为——以地方依恋与解说满意度为中介变量

旅游者环境负责任行为是可持续旅游目的地管理的重要议题。本文以武夷山国家公园为案例地,尝试将地方依恋和解说满意度作为中介变量,通过对旅游者的问卷调查,分析山地旅游者人格特质对环境负责任行为的影响机制。结果表明：（1）人格特质对环境负责任行为的影响存在3条路径,分别是直接影响、通过地方依恋间接影响和通过地方依恋和解说满意度的链式中介作用影响;（2）旅游体验具身理论视角下,人格特质、地方依恋、解说满意度分别通过身心主体性、情境连接性和感知深度性作用于旅游者环境负责任行为。本研究揭示了山地旅游者人格特质对环境负责任行为的驱动机制,丰富了旅游体验具身理论在环境负责任行为生成机制方面的应用,对山地旅游可持续发展具有一定的启示意义。     

Differentiating education and training needs

This paper adds to the understanding of tourism human resources by the inclusion of culture and ethnicity perspectives. Through examples drawn from a multiethnic environment in Malaysia, the implications of ethnic-driven policies on different ethnic groups' involvement in tourism are examined and the appropriateness of the current approaches to tourism education and training are assessed. The views of tourism students of different ethnic backgrounds are presented with their education needs and employment expectations. The significance of culture, religion and ethnicity factors that affect different ethnic groups' perception and choice of tourism employment are discussed.     

Are students customers? Tourism and hospitality students’ evaluation of their higher education experience

ABSTRACT

Research has suggested that higher education students assume multiple roles during their studies. Moreover, the student-as-customer model has been discussed for years and needs more in-depth discussions than other roles. Few studies have investigated education experiences from this perspective. This research contains two studies. Study one investigates faculty members’ perceptions on students’ roles in higher education and found students should not be considered purely as customers. Other roles were found. Study two investigates students’ perception of their roles in university education and how the education experiences influence their satisfaction towards university choice. A majority of the students see themselves as the “recipient of knowledge”. The six dimensions of higher education experience include “student-centred service” (SCS), “diversity and global citizenship” (DGC), “coproduction of learning experience”, “reliance on teachers” (ROT), “responsibility”, and “whole person development” (WPL). SCS, DGC, ROT, and WPL were found to have significant impact on student satisfaction.     

论当代旅游发展理论的构建:理念、框架与要点

随着大众旅游初级阶段的到来,我国旅游业也相应进入了国家战略体系,加上旅游教育和人才培养层次的提升,基于中国学术立场和现实诉求的理论创新已是当务之急。在分析总结旅游发展阶段特征和当代旅游发展的核心价值取向的基础上,文章提出了当代旅游发展理论的核心观点:构建以旅游法为核心的国家意志体系,以旅游经济监测与预警为中心的宏观调控体系,以游客满意为导向的微观监管体系。     

Students’ expectations,experiences, and career direction after in-house internship: the pedagogical role of the hotel training center in Thailand

This study investigates the in-house internship of the hotel training center in Thailand, with two specific objectives: (1) to investigate the expectation of students prior to taking internship and compare it with their perception after taking the internship and (2) to explore experiences and skills gained by student interns and the influence of in-house internship on students’ choice of job after graduation. This study employs a qualitative methodology through content analysis to extract meaning from the students’ opinions derived from the focus group interview and the narrative writing of the short open-ended questions. The results from the study demonstrate the crucial role of compulsory in-house internship within the Tourism and Hospitality Management curriculum. The study also confirms that in-house internship can equip and prepare students for the real internship experience within the hotel industry and it also sheds light on the pedagogical role of the in-house internship in the tourism and hospitality curriculum.     

Does Tourism Change Our Lives?

Does tourism change our lives? The mainstream of tourism psychology research is mostly concerned with tourist motivation, behavior in and satisfaction with destination, and few studies explore how tourism might affect people's perceptions of themselves, home, neighborhood, work, friends, relatives, and life in general. This study seeks insights into the effect and influence of travel and tourism on people, not momentary impact during vacation but longer-term impact in terms of sense of being, direction in life, and well-being. It is found that there are positive changes in the perception of life among Chinese travelers in general and the perception changes among travelers are significantly stronger than the perception changes among the control group of non-travelers. There is clear evidence that travelers feel more positive than non-travelers in their general well-being, attitude toward life, sense of control, and outlook.     

人格特质对旅游管理专业实习生留职意愿影响研究——组织社会化的中介作用

文章以旅游管理专业大学本科实习生为例,实证分析实习生人格特质与其在本行业留职意愿之间的关系,并探讨组织社会化的中介作用.结果显示,外倾性、勤勉正直性人格特质对留职意愿具有显著的正向预测作用,情绪敏感性人格特质对留职意愿具有显著的负向预测作用;工作胜任社会化、组织文化社会化在外倾性人格特质和留职意愿的关系中起完全中介作用;工作胜任社会化、人际关系社会化在勤勉正直性人格特质对留职意愿的影响中起部分中介作用.据此,文章最后提出了相关建议.