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1.
通过事实说明一些世界大型跨国公司在发展中国家(以中国和印度这两个人口最多的发展中国家为代表)的经营存在着不容乐观的背叛商业伦理的行为,阐述、分析了其背后的主要原因并提出了解决问题、推动跨国公司在东道国重返伦理化经营之路的对策和措施。 相似文献
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Noemi Levy-Orlik Christian Dominguez-Blancas 《International Review of Applied Economics》2016,30(4):527-546
This paper discusses the operation of banks in developing economies dominated by foreign multinational corporations (FMCs), and argues that banks have acquired new activities without drastically modifying the composition of their income. This discussion takes place in the light of the profound changes in financial systems that have modified the linkages between banks, capital markets, businesses and households, during the period of globalization and financialization. The main argument of this paper is that although foreign multinational corporations have become dominant in developing countries, and bank activities have diversified, the multinational corporations of the banking sector still rely on interest margins, particularly from consumer credit. This is explained in terms of specific bank credit activities that operate under oligopolistic structures, a condition that has not being modified by foreign multinational corporations’ dominance in developing banking markets. 相似文献
3.
Avinash Dixit 《Frontiers of Economics in China》2015,10(4):567
Ideas from the theory of incentives and organization are deployed to examine how some aspects of economic governance—primarily protection of property rights, enforcement of contracts, and oversight regulation—can be improved for achieving better economic growth and development. Some suggestions for reform of governance institutions in developing countries are offered. 相似文献
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试论政府对引导规范企业承担社会责任的作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
与跨国公司相比,我国企业在履行社会责任方面仍存在一定差距,企业公民意识淡薄。应对跨国公司履行社会责任的动机和我国企业承担社会责任现状进行分析,构建企业社会责任的成本与收益关系模型,并借鉴国外成功经验探讨中国政府在企业履行社会责任中应发挥的重要作用。 相似文献
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梅丽霞 《生态经济(学术版)》2007,(11):54-59
本文简要介绍和评述了霍肯的著作《商业生态学:可持续发展的宣言》的基本思想和主要观点,强调了解决商业与环境之间二元悖论问题的关键,在于设计、创造一个可持续发展的商业模式,使之能融入生态系统的可恢复体系中,并强调在这个过程中,企业"对社会负责"是一种自愿的行为。从霍肯的观点出发,笔者反思了跨国公司违背生态伦理的种种"罪行",提出必须以更为冷静、客观的态度来看待跨国公司,并提出了"拯救跨国公司=拯救人类自己"的主张。 相似文献
6.
Jon D. Wisman 《Journal of economic issues》2013,47(1):19-48
This paper examines whether governance matters for the economic growth of developing countries, empirically captured within the institutional economics theoretical framework using the panel data estimation procedure. In doing so, it tests the effect of several dimensions of governance on the growth of 84 low and middle-income economies using regression specifications common in the growth literature. The empirical results show that political stability and government effectiveness is significantly positively correlated with growth. Voice and accountability and corruption are statistically significantly negatively correlated with growth. The regulatory quality and rule of law dimensions of governance are negatively but statistically insignificantly correlated with growth. The findings of this study imply that the dynamics of the current modern economy makes it necessary for developing countries to act now and within their own country, improve the dimensions of governance and establish good governance practices that are domestically relevant and internationally comparable and consistent. 相似文献
7.
B. Burcin Yurtoglu 《Empirica》2000,27(2):193-222
The paper describes the main characteristics of ownership structure of the Turkish companies listed on the Istanbul Stock Exchange. We present information on the pyrimidal and complex ownership structures within business groups, on the main owner classes, and on changes in large shareholdings. Ownership is highly concentrated in Turkey, families being the dominant shareholders. Changes in large shareholdings do not suggest the existence of an active market for share stakes. We also show that concentrated ownership and pyramidal structures have a negative effect on performance as reflected in lower return on assets, market to book ratios and dividend payments. We conclude by discussing some important problems introduced or fostered by the presence of this type of ownership structure. 相似文献
8.
Stephen Clibborn Russell D. Lansbury Chris F. Wright 《Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy》2016,35(1):2-15
The decision by the three multinational automotive manufacturers – Ford, General Motors and Toyota – to cease production in Australia followed a long period of decline in the local industry. This paper examines the factors potentially contributing to these decisions including reductions in government assistance to the industry, the volatility in exchange rates, global strategic decisions by the parent companies to shift production to expanding markets in Asia, and the role of industrial relations and trade unions. Despite the attention given in public discourse to industrial relations arrangements in supposedly hastening the demise of local automotive manufacturing, we find that this factor made no identifiable difference to the final decisions of the parent companies in Tokyo and Detroit to cease production in Australia, which can be attributed to an unfavourable conjuncture of factors. The paper concludes by considering possible options for retaining some aspects of automotive manufacturing in Australia in the future. 相似文献
9.
There is a large literature that tests the univariate time series properties of the real output series following the seminal work of Nelson and Plosser (1982). Whether or not real output is characterized by a unit root process has important implications. A unit root in real output, for instance, is inconsistent with the notion that business cycles are stationary fluctuations around a deterministic trend. In this paper, we investigate the univariate time series properties of real output for 79 developing countries using the conventional augmented Dickey and Fuller (1979) unit root test, the Zivot and Andrews’ (1992) one structural break unit root test, and the Lumsdaine and Papell (1997) two structural breaks unit root test. Our main finding is that, for 40 countries, real output is stationary around a trend. This indicates that business cycles are stationary fluctuations around a deterministic trend for only 51% of the developing countries in our sample. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTThe paper applies a functional approach to the analysis of an emerging technology within an innovation system (IS) in a developing country. By doing so, the paper identifies the advantages and drawbacks of the approach through a dynamic analysis and highlights the life cycle of an IS within which a new technology is emerging. This is done empirically by analysing the emergence of biosimilars within the infant Turkish biotechnology system mainly from the perspective of firms. Our analysis of the Turkish case illustrates how the tool of functional approach could be valuable in understanding the dynamics of a technology in a developing country context. Policy suggestions and implications of the study are presented as concluding remarks. 相似文献
12.
国家治理视角下的政府审计目标与对象 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
关于政府审计目标的主要观点目前有公共受托责任论、权力制约与监督论、公共资金管理与控制论以及审计信息论,而对政府审计对象的表述更是琳琅满目。将政府审计置于国家治理系统内来考虑,可以将政府审计的最高目标定位为维护国家或人民群众的根本利益,把政府审计对象抽象化为权力、谁来使用权力和如何使用权力。这种认识从国家治理和权力视角诠释了政府审计的本质,它可以提高政府审计自身的权威性,还可以更好地让政府审计发挥国家治理工具的作用。 相似文献
13.
Following the adoption of important fiscal stimuli to fight the recent crisis, a large literature estimated fiscal multipliers. Focusing on an area particularly appealing, given its diversity and the diversity of the response of countries that compose it to the current crisis, namely the Mediterranean area, we unveil major disparities regarding the significance, sign and size of fiscal multipliers depending mainly on the economic characteristics, the type of multiplier, the time span and the type of fiscal stimulus. Evidence of such important heterogeneities highlights the need for better cooperation among countries, particularly regarding the design of fiscal policy. Failing to do so might divert public resources to ineffective fiscal policies in some countries, or, on the contrary, deprive other countries of potentially high benefits of appropriate fiscal policies, including a reliable tool for exiting the current crisis. 相似文献
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This paper investigates the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on population health using panel data for up to 179 countries for the period between 1980 and 2011. Our main finding is that the relationship between FDI and health is nonlinear, depending on the level of income: FDI has a positive effect on health at low levels of income, but the effect decreases with increasing income, then changes sign and becomes increasingly negative at higher levels of income. 相似文献
16.
以近几年中国民营上市公司为样本,实证分析实际控制人控制能力、代理成本、会计师事务所选择及其治理效应,可以发现实际控制人控制能力越强的公司越倾向于选择曾经被监管机构赋予专项复核资格的会计师事务所。通过两阶段回归发现,市场对聘请此类会计师事务所作出了正面评价,而且此类会计师事务所对大股东占用上市公司资金具有监督和抑制作用。 相似文献
17.
Ricardo C. S. Siu 《Journal of economic issues》2019,53(2):571-578
Although worldwide poverty, a basic concern of John Kenneth Galbraith, is reducing on average, I argue that poverty remains a critical issue in many countries. This led the Chinese government to propose the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in 2013. Broadly, the BRI constructs a cross-continental nexus between countries to reduce their development uncertainties by increasing their connectivity. As a result, the Chinese government has invested trillions of infrastructure dollars in projects that have been introduced to the involved countries as sovereign debt along with the participation of Chinese multinational corporations. Although evidence has shown that this initiative is gaining increasingly more support from the less-developed countries, signs of uncertainty in various forms have clearly emerged. In light of such, I propose that possible in-country political instability, political conflicts among the participating countries, national debt defaults, and competition between China and the United States of America in regional influence may have added to the underlying uncertainties that have challenged the world. 相似文献
18.
本文在研究企业集团边界的基础上,分析了中央企业集团整体上市的利弊得失。企业集团作为一种企业间组织形式,在某些情况下比一个独立大企业节约组织成本.比若干独立企业节约交易成本.是若干企业通过特定的联结而形成的一种有效率的企业问组织形式。从企业集团边界角度.中央企业集团采取母公司或主营业务的整体上市不一定有利于其实现效率,也不是从根本上解决国内企业集团治理中的大股东侵犯债权人或中小股东利益问题的最佳策略。完善中央企业集团治理重在产权制度改革和从根本上改善公司治理的法律制度。 相似文献
19.
Photis Lysandrou Offiong Helen Solomon 《International Review of Applied Economics》2016,30(6):729-746
This paper examines the respective impacts of public and private governance institutions on foreign direct and foreign portfolio investment inflows. We present two hypotheses: (1) there is a strong correlation between the quality of a country’s public governance institutions and the amount of foreign direct investment (FDI) received while the quality of its private governance institutions has no further discernible impact on this correlation; (2) there is a strong correlation between the quality of a country’s public governance institutions and the amount of foreign portfolio investment (FPI) received while the quality of its private governance institutions has a further positive impact on this correlation. Our findings, which are based on panel data analysis, show both hypotheses to be valid. 相似文献
20.
ARDESHIR SEPEHRI 《International Review of Applied Economics》2004,18(2):191-207
There is growing evidence from multi‐country studies indicating that there is a turning point in the relationship between inflation and economic growth beyond which the detrimental effects of high inflation offset the stimulating effects of mild inflation on growth. However, it is not clear whether it is appropriate to assume an identical turning point in the inflation and growth relation across countries at various stages of development. Using a non‐linear specification and the data from four groups of countries at various stages of development, this paper examines the possibility for a family rather than a single inverted U relation across countries at various stages of development. The estimated turning points are found to vary widely from as high as 15% per year for the lower‐middle‐income countries to 11% for the low‐income countries, and 5% for the upper‐middle‐income countries. No statistically detectable, long‐run relationship between inflation and growth is evident for the OECD countries. The results indicate the potential bias in the estimation of inflation–growth nexus that may result from combining various countries at different levels of development. The existence of such a degree of heterogeneity across countries at various stages of development also suggests the inappropriateness of setting a single, uniform numerical policy target applicable to all (developing) countries. 相似文献