提高国有独资商业银行经济效益的政策建议

为深化国有独资商业银行改革，提高其经济效益，本文提出了对国有独资商业银行进行产权制度改革，建立现代金融企业制度，建立精炼高效的组织体系和灵活高效、充满活力的商业银行经营机制等政策建议。     

韩国金融制度变迁对我国金融制度改革的启示

韩国金融制度是典型的管制金融模式,其基本特征是以银行体系为主导的金融制度。本文通过分析韩国金融制度变迁的特征,结合当前我国金融改革所面临的形势,探讨其金融制度变迁的路径依赖对我国金融改革的借鉴意义。     

关于加快我国银行实行综合经营的看法

回顾主要市场经济国家的银行经营制度演变，对照我国目前实行分业经营管制的现状，我国银行业经营制度有必要进行重大改革，应当尽快取消现在的分业经营管制，促使我国银行业尽快实行综合经营。实行综合经营有利于我国银行适应金融一体化、金融证券化和金融网络化的要求；实行综合有助于我国银行经营适应利率市场化需要，防范利率风险；实行综合经营有利于我国金融可持续发展；实行综合经营有利于我国金融市场进一步规范化。要加快我国银行实行综合经营的改革步伐，必须廓清一些思想认识上的模糊观念；要修改现行商业银行法、加快利率市场化改革步伐、并且选择具备条件的银行进行综合经营试点。     

对国有商业银行改制上市问题的几点思考

党的十六大提出了深化金融及投融资体制改革，使金融更好地为经济社会发展服务的长远目标。今年初召开的中央金融工作会议对商业银行的改革提出了明确要求：必须把银行办成现代金融企业，推进国有独资商业银行的综合改革是整个金融改革的重点。据此，对国有商业银行实施战略性改革、尽快建立现代金融企业制度，进而改制上市，已成为国有商业银行理性的必然选择。     

改革劳动人事制度 促进银行内部经营机制转换

<正> 随着金融体制改革的进一步深化,以国家机关的行政管理为主要特征的银行劳动人事制度已经不能适应金融事业发展的需要,它严重地阻碍了银行企业化改革的进程.本文就如何转换银行内部经营机制,改革银行的劳动人事制度谈点粗浅看法:     

股份制:国有商业银行的产权改革方向

中国国有独资商业银行要想在入世后立于不败之地，产权制度改革是根本。股份制是国有独资商银行产权改革的方向。国有独资商业银行可以采用建立金融控股公司地方式进行股份制度改革。     

农业银行股份制改革刍议

随着我国经济、金融体制改革的不断深入,国有独资商业银行股份制改革进程的日益加快,农业银行实行股份制改革势在必行。而推进股份制改革应以建立多元化的金融产权结构为改革的首要目的,建立现代商业银行制度为改革的根本目标     

深化金融会计改革问题研究

金融会计改革涉及现行金融会计制度的完善、现代化银行支付清算体系的建立、金融会计信息系统的健全等问题。完善金融业会计制度应正确处理和把握两个协调，建立制度的稳定性和应变性相结合的机制。建立现代化银行支付清算体系必须按市场化原则重新修订现行银行支付结算办法，进一步开发与应用联行清算体系。针对我国金融会计信息系统存在的不足，应采用高新技术着力实现金融会计信息系统的现代化。     

影响我国银行制度变迁的因素分析

在经济市场化进程不断深入的今天，我国银行的市场化程度不高，银行制度的变迁已滞后于社会经济体制的变化。当前，我国也致力于金融体制和银行制度的重构，力促银行制度改革。然而，制度变迁中如何在放松管制和加强监管之间权衡，在此基础上形成的宏观监管框架和政策环境能否使银行业顺利完成制度转变，这不仅是一个金融     

对完善我国商业银行公司治理结构的思考

国有商业银行改革是深化我国金融改革的重要步骤，现代企业制度的建立、健全，以及相应的公司治理机制的完善是改革的焦点。加入世贸组织后，我国商业银行将面对来自外资银行日益激烈的市场竞争。这种市场竞争的实质是现代银行制度的竞争，公司治理结构的优劣直接决定了银行的市场竞争能力，优化治理结构已成为提升我国银     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.