论美国外部审计同业复核制度及其对我国的启示

一、美国的同业复核改革简述 早在70年代中期，德勤会计师事务所就接受邀请先后对普华永道和安达信会计师事务所执行的审计业务进行了检查，以判别他们审计报告的质量和审计委托的执行情况。从此，同业复核进入了人们的视野。1977年，美国的注册会计师协会（AICPA）正式成立了一个单独部门“会计师事务所部”，并且将审计上市公司的会计师事务所归属于该部门下设的“证券交易委员会处”，另外，还规定执行上市公司审计业务的会计师事务所至少三年要接受一次同业复核，     

财务报表保险制度：提高审计独立性的新思路

在这样的审计委托模式下，实际选择会计师事务所并支付审计费用的是被审计单位管理当局，因此，上市公司有机会利用手中的“货币选票”越俎代庖，“威逼利诱”会计师事务所与其合谋。被审计单位手中的“货币选票”是影响审计独立性的根源，因此，要从源头上治理审计独立性问题，必须改革现存不合理的审计委托模式，从根本上隔离被审计单位对审计事务的不当干涉，防止审计失败。     

从安龙事件看我国的注册会计师审计

一、安龙事件表明国际五大会计师事务所虽然有优势，但也存在弊端（一）五大会计师事务所的优势中国“入世”后，更多的国际基金进入中国，它们需要会计师事务所提供风险评估服务；更多的跨国公司开始进入中国，而已经进入中国的跨国公司将加大或加快在中国的投资。与此同时，中国企业急于走向国际。此外，竞争加剧将掀起跨国性的并购高潮。这一切都急需按国际规则进行高质量的咨询和审计服务。中国审计市场将呈现前所未有的发展机遇。“五大会计师事务所”将因其高高在上的国际地位而赢得这些机遇。随着我国改革开放的不断深化，国外的会计…     

会计师事务所如何加强审计风险管理

会计服务业是一个高风险的行业。银广厦事件和安然事件的发生并非出于偶然,而是注册会计师审计风险的终极表现形式。随着包括“五大”在内的会计师事务所频频遭受诉讼,会计界人士更加意识到:加强审计风险管理是会计师事务所生存与发展的重中之重。笔者以为,会计师事务所应从独立性、审计质量和人员管理三个方面加强审计风险管理。     

审计质量与盈余管理相关性心理学分析

国内外对审计质量和盈余管理相关性研究发现：高审计质量对应着较低的、合理的盈余管理；高盈余管理公司会选择提供低质量审计报告的会计师事务所。本文通过对股东、经营者动机心理分析阐述盈余管理的动机，利用认知心理学分析盈余管理决策和审计报告决策，解释了审计质量和盈余管理存在的上述关系。     

“政府招标”审计委托模式的博弈分析

本文通过对我国现有的审计委托模式弊端的简要分析,从理论上探讨了“政府招标”审计委托模式,通过不完全信息贝叶斯招投标模型求出优化的均衡解。结果表明,在初次审计的情况下,随着竞标会计师事务所数量的增多,会计师事务所之间的竞争会导致严重的“低价揽客行为”。     

谈社会审计的组织形式及管理归属

谈社会审计的组织形式及管理归属钟子亮，王宁／兴国摄目前，我国社会审计的组织形式有两种，一是会计师事务所，归财政部门管理；二是审计（师）事务所，归审计部门管理。但在理论界，对此颇有争议，有人认为“两所”、“两师”（注册会计师和注册审计师）应该合并：有人...     

会计师事务所审计质量传染效应研究

会计师事务所发生一次较为严重的低质量审计,预示着该事务所审计质量系统性偏低,这一现象被称为审计质量传染效应。会计师事务所作为提供审计服务的主体,其内部治理对审计质量具有重要影响。通过深入会计师事务所这一“黑箱”内部,考察会计师事务所员工行为模式和业务质量控制制度对审计质量的影响。研究发现,员工行为模式和业务质量控制制度存在缺陷的会计师事务所,其审计质量系统性低于其他会计师事务所的审计质量。     

“两会”联合后审计机关如何对社会审计机构进行指导监督

「两会」联合后审计机关如何对社会审计机构进行指导监督○济南市审计局体系指导处“两会”联合后注册会计师协会成为审计师事务所、会计师事务所及其他社会审计中介组织（以下简称社会审计机构）的管理部门，审计机关不再是审计师事务所的管理部门，那么，审计机关与注协...     

影响注册会计师审计诚信内部因素分析

一、注册会计师特别是会计师事务所负责人职业道德的缺少或丧失审计职业道德是审计质量的重要保证,是每个审计人员在审计工作中所必须遵循的行为规范。在现实生活中,由于社会环境的影响、受种种压力,更由于自身私利的诱惑,许多注册会计师特别是会计师事务所负责人,以“为了生存”为借口,以“法不责众”为安慰,置审计职业道德于不顾,做出违反审计职业道德和法律的事,使注册会计师审计诚信受到严重影响。二、会计师事务所的混业经营所谓混业经营,就是会计师事务所对委托单位既提供审计服务,又提供咨询、投资等方面的服务。会计师事务所的混业…     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。     

浅谈大体积混凝土裂缝的控制

大体积混凝土的裂缝问题是实际工程中长期困扰工程技术人员的问题,其控制技术的研究是混凝土结构研究的热点问题,具有重大的学术价值和潜伏的工程背景。     

Supply Chain Strategies in the UK Fashion Industry—The Rhetoric of Partnership and Realities of Power

This paper focuses on the fashion industry, one characterised by issues such as dramatic shifts in the scale and power of major retail buyers in the market, the advent of retailer own brands, and the nature of sourcing and supply chain decisions, issues that are increasingly global in nature. The aim of this research is to explore the nature of relationships between UK high street multiple fashion retailers and their contracted suppliers, many of whom are entrepreneurial firms by most definitions of the term. Four core themes emerge from the literature and provide a framework for the research, namely, power, process, partnership, and people. The research approach was qualitative, and conducted over a period of twelve months. The paper ends with an agenda for future research.