建立城镇贫困人口医疗救助制度的思考

一、建立并实施城镇医疗救助制度的意义 1.实施城镇医疗救助制度是实现健康服务公平性的重要途径.我国的健康服务现阶段最为突出的问题是公平性较差,贫困人口对医疗资源不能与非贫困人口一样享有.世界卫生组织在《2000年世界卫生报告》中,对所有成员国卫生系统的运行及绩效进行了评比与排序,中国在"健康服务筹资的公平性"这项指标上得分列倒数第四,这不能不说是对我们强烈的冲击和警示.     

政府绩效评估与绩效预算

政府绩效评估既包括对政府职能的综合绩效评估,也包括对政府各部门履行职能的经济性、效率性、效益性和公平性进行的评估。而与绩效预算高度相关联的是对政府各职能部门的绩效评估。二者互为前提,互相促进。本文在对我国实施绩效预算改革的难点和条件进行细致分析的基础上,提出我国的政府绩效评估和绩效预算改革应该本着“积极试点,分步实施,逐步推进”的原则,先选择部分部门和支出项目试点,尝试将绩效评估的结果与部门预算编制相结合,逐步建立与我国市场经济体制改革相适应的政府绩效评估和绩效预算制度。     

我国农村社会救助体系建设成就与问题

随着我国经济与社会的发展,农村社会救助对社会稳定的维护作用越来越明显.因此,应该充分发挥农村社会救助作为农村社会保障第一道安全网的保障作用,从而减少农村贫困群体的比重,使我国社会救助事业得以发展.本文首先阐述农村社会救助体系建设已取得的成就,然后提出目前我国农村社会救助体系建设存在的问题,最后针对当前的国情,提出进一步健全社会救助法律法规、完善农村社会救助的基层管理、加强对资源的整合、农村社会救助资金筹集渠道多元化、统筹城乡发展等政策建议,从而建立有效的监督机制.     

国外医疗救助的实践与成功经验

国际社会非常重视对弱势群体的医疗救助。本文从法规建设、资格认定、项目开发、资金筹措、社会参与五个方面，介绍了国外医疗救助的成功实践。国外医疗救助的经验对我国医疗救助城乡一体化具有借鉴的意义和启示的作用。     

世界银行项目绩效评估及其启示

世界银行在其发展过程中形成了较为成熟的项目绩效评估体系。文章将从项目绩效评估机构、项目绩效评估方式、项目绩效评估标准三个方面分析世界银行的项目绩效评估体系,以期为完善我国的公共项目绩效评估提供一定的借鉴。     

国外社会救助的经验和中国社会救助的未来发展

建立和完善社会救助制度,是解决贫困人口生活问题的重要举措,是实现社会团结和公平正义的重要切入点.世界各国在各自的历史发展中形成了各具特色的运行模式和制度安排.本文在研究欧洲部分国家社会救助理论和实践的基础上,结合探究中国社会救助制度建设的历史经验,对中国社会救助的原则、理念和发展模式进行了思考,提出中国社会救助制度模式应当具有公平性、效率性、流动性和发展性等功能特质.     

论我国的社会救助标准

社会救助标准在我国社会救助体系中处于核心地位,社会救助标准制定的科学性和执行力直接关系到社会救助制度在实践中的有效性和生命力.针对我国社会救助标准所存在的问题,需要深化给付标准的认识,从标准的公平性、标准的充足性、救助标准的针对性等方面完善社会救助标准,充分发挥社会救助制度实际效用,保障弱势群体的基本权益.     

海外横向并购能否提升公司绩效?

本文以发生海外横向并购的20家A股制造业上市公司作为研究样本,采用因子分析、配对样本t检验和非参数检验等分析方法考察了海外横向并购对样本公司绩效的影响.经验分析结果表明:在发生海外横向并购后,我国制造业上市公司的绩效水平并未显著提升,而且很多公司的绩效水平出现了较大的下滑.     

我国低保资金绩效评估之思考

建立符合我国国情的城乡低保绩效管理体制和一套完善的低保资金绩效考核指标体系,是切实增强低保政策实施的公平性、公正性和有效性的必然要求,也是进一步提升低保资金科学化精细化管理水平的有效途径。我国一些地区已经开展了城乡低保绩效评估工作,取得了很多经验,但也存在一些问题。今后应该在指标体系精细化、多元化以及评价方法科学化、评价结果运用合理化上下工夫,建立城乡低保资金绩效评估长效机制,更好地保障和改善民生,解决广大城乡困难群众的基本生活问题。     

论新公共管理下的政府绩效评估

政府绩效评估是一种以结果为本的控制,是一种服务和顾客至上的管理机制。西方新公共管理下的政府绩效评估经验很值得借鉴。     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...