浅谈城市园林绿化建设

一、当前城市园林绿化建设中存在的一些问题（一）城市园林绿化设计中的问题城市园林绿化的植物景观是园林绿化设计者“设计理念”的最终体现,在设计中,最重要的是园林植物的配植设计。但设计者往往为了追求即时视觉效果,没有充分考虑后期生长稳定性及养护成本,对园林地形、水体、建筑、小品、铺装等方面的景观设计十分注重     

基于工程实例的高层建筑给排水设计探析

给排水工程设计不合理,既会引发水资源浪费问题,又会对建筑物的安全形成威胁。所以,仅就设计者而言,在设计给排水工程时一定要强化力度进行监察,着眼于实际以及设计风格,提高给排水搭配的合理性与科学性。本研究将结合工程实例,重点探析高层建筑给排水设计和施工。     

叠层橡胶弹簧表面微裂纹原因浅析

叠层橡胶弹簧是轨道交通转向架上固定减速传动装置用的核心弹性元件,通过对装车试运行过程中叠层橡胶弹簧表面出现的微裂纹原因分析,结合CAE仿真计算、工艺分析、试验验证等方法,找到其形成原因及改进措施,加速了叠层橡胶弹簧国产化进程,为轨道交通橡胶弹性元件研制提供借鉴和参考。     

电网工程结算中的设计变更和经济签证探析

一、设计变更和经济签证的含义及产生原因 1．1设计变更的含义及内容 设计变更是指设计部门对原施工图纸和设计文件中原表达的设计标准状态的改变和修改。设计变更是工程施工过程中保证设计和施工质量，完善工程设计，纠正设计错误以及满足现场条件变化而进行的设计修改工作。     

刍议工业设计中的情感化

生活中人民群众在做巢件事的时候都会带有某种情绪，工业设计当然也是这样，产品设计者也会带有某种情感去设计产品，最终设计中也存在着一定的情感。工业设计中的情感化设计是设计者情感的表现，能够促进工业产品的销售与发展。本文主要探讨了工业设计中情感化的一系列问题，希望能够全面的解析工业设计中的情感化。     

浅谈火力发电厂汽水管道内部清洁的重要性

随着大型火电机组开工建设,在调试及机组试运行过程中多多少少出现这样那样的问题,尤其是汽水系统的清洁度显得尤为重要。机组在调试、运行期间,都不同程度的存在着闭式泵、凝泵、给水滤网等堵塞问题,这些问题涉及到安装阶段、验收阶段及调试阶段,为了解决这些问题,得要从以上三阶段着手解决不该出现的问题,发现问题,及时予以解决。     

浅谈市政道路设计问题的探讨

市政道路设计交通建设当中一个非常重要的环节并对城市建设起着很大的影响；由于市政道路设计所涉及到的内容非常广泛而且复杂，因此对于设计者的要求也非常高。本文就将对市政道路设计中应着重考虑的问题进行探讨并提出几点个人建议。     

周令钊：我和人民币背后的秘密

你知道人民币设计过程中的秘密么？你想了解3元人民币的历史故事么？你知道为什么第四套人民币上才出现毛主席的头像么？让我们走近人民币的设计者周令钊先生，揭开这些问题背后的谜团。     

高层建筑设计的思考

下文结合作者多年建筑设计工作经验,阐述了现代城市良好居住环境的宏观控制策略,并从高层建筑的规划和高层小区经济效益、环境效益和社会效益结合起来。由于建筑设计者受条件限制(用地问题、造价问题等)往往不会考虑建筑与城市的关系。因此,探讨在高层建筑设计中做到与城市空间的整合是有必要的。     

关于建立建筑消防工程市场机制的几点建议

消防工程的设计是源头，一是设计者整体素质的好坏及执行、理解规范的精准度，这就要求建立消防工程专业设计考评，颁证、注册制及设计者内部把关制，并建立设计单位资格的分级注册制；二是把好设计审查关，在现有审、验分离制基础上，应从根本加以解决审、验的主体资格分离问题，将职责分离，分别从技术关和管理关双重人手(规范和执法)，真正体现审验权威性、     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

For Better or for Worse? Local Impacts of the Decentralization of Indonesia’s Forest Sector

This paper quantifies the local impacts of mechanized logging on forest-dependent communities in Indonesia, before and after decentralization. A conceptual framework incorporates financial, social, enforcement, rent-seeking, and environmental impacts. Using data from 60 communities in East Kalimantan, the empirical results suggest that significantly more households received financial and in-kind benefits after decentralization compared to before. Many communities engaged in self-enforcement activities against firms both before and after decentralization. Post-decentralization, a significantly higher proportion of households perceived community forest ownership. There were few significant differences in perceived environmental impacts. Little evidence exists of a post-decentralization trade-off between environmental and financial contractual provisions.     

以资本管理为核心的银行治理综合评价指标研究

商业银行的特殊性体现在风险性、外部性和多重治理目标上,尤其集中体现在风险管理的本质上。风险管理日益成为现代商业银行的主体活动和核心职能,资本管理成为现代商业银行风险管理的核心。在整合EVA和RAROC指标的基础上。文章构建了以资本管理为核心的银行治理的综合评价指标,以求真实反映银行经营的成果,有效衡量风险收益和风险成本的对比关系,从而反映以资本管理为核心的银行风险管理的过程、能力和效率。     

Markteintrittstiming von Telekommunikationsdiensteanbietern

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie analysiert für 87 Neuprodukteinführungen (NPE) und Auslandsmarkteintritte (AME) von Telekommunikations(TK)-Diensteanbietern in Deutschland, zu denen 42 Schlüsselinformanten in einer schriftlichen Befragung Auskunft gaben, (1) inwieweit deren zeitliche Eintrittspositionierung durch Marktcharakteristika und Unternehmensressourcen erkl?rbar ist sowie (2) inwieweit und gegebenenfalls unter welchen unternehmensexternen und -internen Situationsbedingungen deren Markteintrittstiming mit dem wahrgenommenen Eintrittserfolg assoziiert ist. Ein früher Markteintritt wurde dann realisiert, wenn die Wettbewerbsintensit?t im adressierten Gesch?ft niedrig und das Budget für den Expansionsschritt überdurchschnittlich ausfielen. Zwischen dem Markteintrittstiming und der Beurteilung des Eintrittserfolgs bestand ein nicht monotoner, umgekehrt U-f?rmiger Zusammenhang: Frühe Folger wiesen signifikant bessere Erfolgswerte auf als Pioniere und sp?te Folger, deren Erfolgsniveaus nicht signifikant divergierten. In einer Industrie, die durch starke externe Netzeffekte gepr?gt ist, fallen offenbar die Nachteile eines Markteintritts als Pionier oder sp?ter Folger st?rker ins Gewicht als die Vorteile dieser beiden zeitlichen Eintrittspositionierungen. Unabh?ngig vom Markteintrittstiming wurden NPE/AME von TK-Unternehmen als erfolgreicher eingestuft, wenn sie sich in einen Markt mit stark wachsender Nachfrage und aufeinander abgestimmt (re)agierenden Wettbewerbern mit qualitativ überdurchschnittlichen, abw?rtskompatiblen, erprobbaren und wenig erkl?rungsbedürftigen TK-Diensten engagierten.      

利用膜技术回收利用碱性废水研究进展

回顾了利用膜分离技术处理碱性废水的工艺与综合利用技术所取得的丰硕成果，总结了各种治理方法的特点、适用性及发展方向。     

Taxing Times in Indonesia: The Challenge of Restoring Competitiveness and the Search for Fiscal Space

Indonesia’s economic growth picked up slightly in mid-2016 but remains below the level demanded by government and popular aspirations. Despite a plethora of reforms intended to increase efficiency and productivity, some policies are perverse and longstanding problems of implementation remain. The share of manufacturing has declined, the real exchange rate has appreciated, exports have dwindled, and growth has been trending downwards. The banking sector is stable but inefficient, with wide net interest margins and numerous barriers to competition. Trade protection, particularly in basic food commodities, has created high costs that weigh particularly heavily on the poor. Declining government revenues have placed increasing pressure on the public budget, even as the current administration aims to increase spending on infrastructure and welfare and to enhance productivity. In an effort to increase revenues, the government has announced a tax amnesty program and other measures. In addition, Sri Mulyani Indrawati, the new finance minister, has taken steps to cut non-essential expenditure in order to secure high spending on infrastructure and at the same time keep within the 3% budget deficit limit stipulated by law. Although the overall debt situation is not yet alarming, declining revenues and budget cuts that do not fully reflect this decline are putting pressure on increasing debt levels. The government’s high-profile tax amnesty program was the major policy initiative implemented in the second half of 2016 that aimed to relieve this pressure. Despite widespread criticism of, and scepticism about, the tax amnesty (both within and outside Indonesia), its first phase had a much higher participation rate than most independent accounts expected. Revenues raised so far through the amnesty are less than 60% of the official target, but this is actually a strong result for the short term. The bigger question, however, is whether the amnesty is a key element of a more encompassing strategy to overhaul the system of taxation and tax administration.     

The causes of Japan's ‘lost decade’: The role of household consumption

In this paper, I analyze the causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and find that the stagnation of investment, especially private fixed investment, was the primary culprit. I then investigate the causes of the stagnation of household consumption during the 1990s and find that the stagnation of household disposable income, the decline in household wealth, and increased uncertainty about the future are among the contributing factors. Finally, I consider whether demand side factors or supply side factors were more important as causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and conclude that the former (especially misguided government policies) were probably more important.