Sovereignty Beyond the State: Exception and Informality in a Western European City

Bridging debates on urban sovereignty and urban informality, this paper argues that relationships between sovereignty and informality may not reside exclusively in the way the sovereign state decides to allow or forbid informality, but also in the way sovereignty is distributed among a range of state and non‐state actors. Drawing upon fieldwork on the early‐2010s management of displaced Romanian Romani families in two emergency camps in the city of Montreuil (France), the paper shows how the NGO responsible for managing one camp acted as sovereign power, allowing a number of informal activities to thrive within its confines. By contrast, inside the other camp, managed by another NGO that resolutely implemented state directives, only formal activities took place. Building on Dean's (2010) concept of ‘disaggregated sovereignty’, the paper mobilizes this disjuncture as a case for critically examining how the ‘state of exception’ takes shape beyond the state's grip. A subtext running throughout is the parallel between the very first camps for civilians in nineteenth‐century colonized territories and these twenty‐first‐century camps for Roma in Europe—both elicited a state of exception partially predicated on camp dwellers’ perceived ethnic/racial homogeneity.     

Urbanizing Refuge: Interrogating Spaces of Displacement

Refugee spaces are emerging as quintessential geographies of the modern, yet their intimate and everyday spatialities remain under‐explored. Rendered largely through geopolitical discourses, they are seen as biopolitical spaces where the sovereign can reduce the subject to bare life. In conceptualizing refugee spaces some scholars have argued that, although many camps grow and develop over time, they evolve their own unique form of urbanism that is still un‐urban. This article challenges this idea of the camp as space of pure biopolitics and explores the politics of space in the refugee camp using urban debates. Using case studies from the Middle East and South Asia, it looks at how the refugee spaces developed and became informalized, and how people recovered their agency through ‘producing spaces’ both physically and politically. In doing so, it draws connections between refugee camps and other spaces of urban marginality, and suggests that refugee spaces can be seen as important sites for articulating new politics.     

科学规划营区工程建设促进资源节约节能减排

建设资源节约型营区是新时期营区建设的必然趋势,应着眼部队建设发展实际,科学规划,创新模式,加强管理,有效促进节约型营区建设,实现良好的军事、经济、环境、能源和使用效益,有力推动部队全面建设科学发展。     

Building God's City: The Political Economy of Prayer Camps in Nigeria

The proliferation of religious spaces is a relatively recent development in Nigeria. Nowadays there are more than a hundred religious camps belonging to different religious groups in the country. The most popular of these camps, the Redemption Camp of the Redeemed Christian Church of God, is located 42 kilometres outside of Lagos and measures several thousand acres. Although initially not designed as such, developments in and around Lagos have compelled the managers of the Redemption Camp to present it as an urban alternative to the city of Lagos, which is generally deemed chaotic. The prestige of this camp and its activities have led to expansive urban development that involves the creation of numerous residential estates stretching from Lagos to beyond the Redemption Camp. Based on a recent ethnographic study of the Redemption Camp, this article argues that the process of urban expansion in and around Lagos is propelled by an aggressive form of religious revival that transcends the borders between economics, spirituality and territorial conquest. This article thus illustrates how church‐driven, religio‐urban developments follow a different logic of city making than often presumed by theorists of African cities, who generally neglect the religious forces that inform urban transformations in Africa.     

浅析互动式教学法在《食品安全性》教学中的应用

相对于传统的单向式教学法而言,互动式教学法不失为一种很好的教学方法,它能在教学过程中充分发挥教师和学生双方的主观能动性,通过师生之间、学生与学生之间、学生与消费群体之间的对话、讨论等多种方式,以达到思想、理论和信息的交流与启发,提高学生的学习热情,注重个性发展,培养学生的综合素质。本文详细论述了互动式教学法在《食品安全性》课程教学中的应用。     

CPA审计质量评价体系研究

随着以“安然”、“世通”为代表的国内外一系列的财务造假舞弊案的曝光,CPA的审计质量也成为社会各界关注的焦点,人们对CPA的审计质量、甚至CPA行业的信誉和存在的必要都提出了质疑。本文对社会关注的焦点——CPA审计质量进行研究,运用规范研究的方法,对影响我国CPA审计质量的诸因素进行分析,从被审计单位、事务所、CPA、审计收费、审计过程等方面展开分析,并构建了针对CPA审计质量进行评价和衡量的体系,以量化的方式来反映审计质量,并就这一提出了自己的观点和看法。     

Enterprise resource planning: technology acceptance in Thai universities

The primary objective of this paper is to identify the factors associated with computing satisfaction for existing legacy systems and the perceptions of usefulness and ease of use of an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system for Thai university staff. Questionnaires were used as a means to gain insights and perspective of ERP systems in Thai universities. The results found significant relationships between university tenure and system satisfaction, and that computer experience, age, prior knowledge and education were significantly related to ERP perceptions. Diversity is also required in administration staff to allow new ideas to be recognised and exploited. This study has investigated ERP as a new innovation at a very early stage in Thai universities. This research study has shown that potential adopters of ERP do have uncertainty about a new innovation and this compels them to find out more information about the innovation. Any efforts at persuasion should be staged over a period of time to allow a build-up of knowledge to occur in organisations that implement ERP. ERP training could then focus on explaining the advantages of ERP over the existing system, while providing users with ‘hands on’ experience of an ERP system.     

Entrepreneurial Religion in the Age of Neoliberal Urbanism

The introduction to this symposium on entrepreneurial religion and neoliberal urbanism discusses leading scholarly approaches to religion and urban theory, arguing that, despite their merits, these approaches are in need of refinement. Theories on religion and urban theory too often describe religion as a reactionary phenomenon. Religious movements and spaces are generally defined as pockets of resistance and shelter against retreating or failing states under neoliberal restructuring programmes in the shadow of consumption dreams. Although religious actors and ideologies unquestionably form part of urban groups that are denied access to public and private means to wealth and security, the contributors to this symposium argue that within a global, comparative perspective, the entwinement of religion, state and market reveal more complicated configurations. Through a comparison of Islamic gated communities in Istanbul, Pentecostal prayer camps in Lagos and Pentecostal grassroots movements in the favelas of Rio de Janeiro, this symposium demonstrates that urban religion should also be regarded as a constitutive force of contemporary capitalism and should therefore be placed at the heart of the neoliberal construction of urban space instead of at its margins.     

中国民营企业国际化路径设计中的东方管理思想运用

中国民营企业的国际化路径设计向来是中国民营企业发展过程中理论与实践的探讨热点，而借助东方管理思想中的15哲学要素，则可以从理念、原则、制度及具体措施上对民营企业的国际化路径提供借鉴、指导。文章借助东方管理学的哲学要素对中国民营企业国际化路径设计提出了相关建议。     

中国民营企业国际化路径设计中的东方管理思想运用

中国民营企业的国际化路径设计向来是中国民营企业发展过程中理论与实践的探讨热点,而借助东方管理思想中的15哲学要素,则可以从理念、原则、制度及具体措施上对民营企业的国际化路径提供借鉴、指导。本文借助东方管理学的哲学要素对中国民营企业国际化路径设计提出了相关建议。     

某部后方仓库营区综合配套整治在科学管理中求效益

阐述某部后方仓库营区以建设现代营区为目标,按营房配套整治总要求,发挥仓库各方面力量、结合建设和管理使整治工作得到协调发展,同时严格经费管理,做到整治工作效益最大化,圆满完成综合配套整治工作,推动了仓库的全面发展。     

Towards a functional framework for measuring national innovation efficacy

In an increasingly globalised economy, the ability to draw in innovations and ideas from elsewhere and build on them to create value at home has become a powerful facility for economic growth. Since some places are better at adopting and adapting borrowed ideas than others, the function of ‘innovation through adoption’ deserves more attention at both scholarly and policymaking levels. Based on such beliefs, this paper elaborates the notion of ‘innovation through adoption’ and develops it further to advance the notion of ‘innovation efficacy’. The latter is interpreted here as the efficiency and effectiveness of innovation systems in terms of accessing, anchoring, diffusing, creating and exploiting innovations. This notion is further illustrated in a measurement tool based on a composite index, which we name the ‘Innovation Efficacy Index’.The ultimate contribution of the paper lies in its aim to shift the traditional focus of attention from a fixation with developing and exploiting new knowledge locally to the prospect of value creation through accessing, anchoring or diffusing knowledge acquired from elsewhere.     

Assembling and Spilling‐Over: Towards an ‘Ethnography of Cement' in a Palestinian Refugee Camp

Camps as objects of study are all but moored in the juridico‐political and the ‘structure versus agency' binary. This article attempts to move beyond this paradigmatic frame towards a reading of the camp as a material assemblage that brings subjects and objects, people and things into mutually constitutive relations. In one Palestinian refugee camp it ‘ethnographically' tracks the most mundane, but ubiquitous, element there is: cement. If the Palestinian camp is subject to a foundational—and quintessentially modern—separation between the material and the representational, then cement, as the medium of a certain temporal dynamism in built life, is the point of this separation's excess. Cement, as both aesthetic and thing, mediates camp life in entirely unintended ways, breaching topological boundaries, spilling quotidian life—in all its uncategorized mess—into the political, and generating tension between the temporary and the permanent, return and the built. It is precisely in these tensions that refugee subjectivity takes shape; never simply as the directed actions of sovereign actors, but always as an everyday ‘negotiation' of the in‐between space of the spillover—this cleft between discursive subject positions and the vitality of built life itself. Camp form, here, is not derivative of legal structure, but an ever‐moving relationship between temporality and materiality.     

The contextualization of human resource and quality management: a sensemaking perspective on everybody's involvement

The principal idea of this paper is that human resource management (HRM) and quality management (QM) ideas require contextualization when used to change organizations. Here, contextualization stands for the process that leads to a shared meaning, i.e. the majority of the co-workers in an organization understand and define a concept or change in terms that are shared and accepted. In the present paper, we study a strategic change project, based on HRM and QM ideas, conducted at the County Council of Värmland (CCV), the public healthcare authority in the County of Värmland in Sweden, where the focus was on everybody's involvement. Our interpretation of the project shows that a shared meaning of the concept of everybody's involvement was not reached in this particular case, i.e. contextualization did not occur. One important result of the study is that contextualization is a prerequisite for realizing HRM and QM thoughts. The paper also stresses how important it is that general and ‘non-contextualized’ HRM and QM ideas are adapted to local practices when used to direct organizational change.     

基于4R理论的跨文化B2C发展问题及对策研究

近年,我国新兴跨文化B2C的发展迅速,但在跨文化经营方面面临一些问题,这些问题根源之一是文化的差异性。本文注重新营销思路和实践的对接,研究跨文化B2C发展现存问题,基于4R理论提出问题解决策略。     

财务信息质量研究——基于公司财务治理的视角

对公司财务治理命题的研究需要分别从财务信息质量和财权配置两条线索展开。财权配置是财务治理的核心,财务信息质量则是财务治理的表象和着眼点。文章以真实性或可靠性为财务信息质量衡量的标准,对财务信息生成、呈报和披露各环节的质量监控和衡量提出见解,并推荐了无干扰研究方法在财务信息衡量中的应用,即依靠现有的文本和数据进行分析,使用各种替代变量来反映财务报告信息含量的质量;同时对表内项目与表外相关项目、会计指标与经营指标之间、价值量与实物量的关系也要注意考证。     

Networked creativity: a structured management framework for stimulating innovation

The effect of today's turbulent environment means that organisations need to improve their competitive advantage and swiftly respond to changing technology and markets. An organisation's ability to continuously innovate its products and business systems is essential to its future success. However, this ability to stimulate innovation is highly dependent upon the stock of potential ideas and problem solutions, which is available to feed the innovation process. These ‘seedlings of innovation’ are the product of the creative processes of an organisation. Whilst continuous, sustainable innovation is an essential competitive capability for future organisational success, to date the creative process has been allowed to operate in an ‘ad hoc’ and serendipitous fashion. Continuous innovation means that organisations need to be able to effectively manage their creative processes to ensure their innovation process has a plentiful supply of good ideas and solutions. To this end, a framework for enhancing networked creativity is presented as a means towards the effective management of the creative process within organisations.     

试论精益生产与ERP的有效融合

ERP系统作为一个高度集成的信息系统,承载了先进的管理思想。它不仅面向供应链,体现敏捷制造和并行工程的精神,还应进一步结合精益生产消除无效浪费,保证质量,提升客户满意度,最终达到提升管理绩效的目的。因此,如何将精益生产与ERP系统有效融合是现代企业重点研究的一项课题。文中首先分析了精益生产与ERP之间的关系,然后简单阐明了ERP的精益效果,最后提出了精益生产与ERP有效融合的两个切入点。     

城市农业规划设计的思想渊源与研究进展

城市农业是当前国际上多学科参与研究的热点,其规划设计思想由来已久。以欧美地区为主要关注范围,从20世纪上半叶现代城市规划理论及1970年代重建住区农业思想中寻找城市农业规划设计的思想渊源,并结合社会背景分析,对当代的研究进展进行综述。     

论数字出版背景下对高校学报编辑的要求

计算机和网络技术的发展带来传播媒介和传播手段的新变化,网络出版给传统纸质出版业带来挑战,期刊编辑的日常工作走向无纸化、数字化。这就需要高校学报编辑转变观念,顺应潮流,主动学习,积极上进,同时继承传统编辑的优秀素质,开拓创新,从而主动应对数字化时代的挑战。