高管团队异质性对纺织服装企业创新绩效的影响研究

文章选择2016—2019年间我国48家纺织服装企业上市公司作为研究样本,选取高管年龄、高管学术背景、高管海外背景三个方面衡量企业高管团队异质性,以三阶段DEA评价纺织服装企业创新绩效,研究高管团队异质性对企业创新绩效的影响。研究结果表明,高管团队学术年龄异质性和高管团队学术背景异质性对企业创新绩效都具有显著正向影响,高管团队海外背景异质性对企业创新绩效的正向影响不显著。     

高管团队异质性与企业数字化转型——兼论股权激励和客户需求不确定性的调节效应

数字化转型是推动数字经济发展的重要着力点，如何助力企业顺利开展数字化转型成为亟待解决的焦点问题。文章基于2009—2020年我国A股上市公司样本，考察了高管团队异质性对企业数字化转型的影响。研究发现，高管团队异质性对企业数字化转型有显著的正向作用，股权激励和客户需求不确定性分别具有负向和正向调节效应；进一步分析表明，高管团队任期、性别、教育水平异质性能够促进企业数字化转型，而年龄和职能背景异质性反之；在成熟期企业、高管-员工薪酬差距小以及内外部高管薪酬差距小的企业中，上述作用更加明显。研究从高管团队异质性视角出发，预期能为企业高管团队人员配置提供建议，并为企业数字化转型工作的开展提供借鉴。     

高管团队海外背景异质性影响企业价值研究——基于双元创新视角

高管团队作为企业日常经营决策的核心,在企业的长期发展中至关重要。文章以2012—2021年沪深A股非金融业上市公司数据为样本,基于高层梯队理论,以双元创新为研究切入点,剖析高管团队海外背景异质性与企业价值间的作用机制,并从探索式创新和利用式创新两个角度深入研究双元创新的中介作用。研究表明,高管团队海外背景异质性显著正向影响企业价值,双元创新在高管团队海外背景异质性与企业价值间发挥了部分中介作用;在市场竞争程度较高与企业所接受的媒体关注程度较高时,高管团队海外背景异质性对企业价值的影响程度更大。     

高管团队教育程度异质性对技术创新能力的影响研究——以湖北省东湖高新技术开发区企业为例

当今世界,企业竞争优势越来越依靠高管团队力量。通过对湖北省东湖高新技术开发区高新技术企业高管团队教育程度异质性以及企业技术创新能力进行的实证研究表明:高管团队教育程度的异质性每变动1个单位,就会促进企业技术创新提高1.19个单位。企业技术创新与高管团队异质性之间不仅存在着长期稳定的均衡关系,且对企业技术创新能力的增长具有明显的推动力。湖北省东湖高新技术开发区高新技术企业应该更多的吸纳不同学历、不同专业的人士进入企业的高层管理团队,充分利用和发挥和不同专业、不同教育文化水平人员的互补优势,更好地增强企业的技术创新能力,实现企业绩效及整体竞争力的提升。     

高管团队对企业R&D投入影响的研究

本文对高管团队背景特征对企业研发投入的影响加以考察,并在此基础上研究了高管激励对二者间关系的调节作用。通过对我国信息技术业上市公司的实证研究发现:高管团队背景特征中的平均年龄、受教育水平、输出型团队成员占比和企业研发投入存在相关性。股权激励和薪酬激励可以在一定程度上正向调节企业高管团队背景特征与企业研发投入二者间的关系。     

团队自反视角下高管团队特征异质性对决策质量的影响

本文以团队自反为视角探讨高管团队特征异质性对于决策质量的影响,通过对401份有效样本数据进行层级回归分析深入探究高管团队特征异质性对决策质量的正向影响及团队自反对该正向影响的调节作用。研究结果表明,高管团队年龄、任期、教育背景三个方面特征异质性对决策质量均有显著的正向影响,并且团队自反能调节高管团队年龄、任期、教育背景特征异质性对决策质量的正向影响。     

高管团队教育水平、职业经验异质性与企业多元化战略

基于中国特殊的制度环境、文化背景,结合高层梯队理论探讨高管团队异质性对企业多元化战略的影响,通过对我国深沪两地医药制造业A股上市企业2012-2013年的数据的实证分析,发现在我国社会环境下,高管团队教育水平异质性、职业经验异质性与企业多元化战略均显著负相关。     

科技型中小企业融资能力影响因素实证研究

选取114家科技型中小企业2013-2017年融资能力相关数据作为研究样本,通过建立面板数据实证模型,对科技型中小企业融资能力影响因素进行实证研究,研究结果表明:第一,企业规模、营运能力和资产担保价值与科技型中小企业融资能力呈正相关关系;第二,内部资源能力对科技型中小企业融资能力有显著负向影响;第三,企业成长能力和盈利能力对科技型中小企业融资能力无显著影响;第四,企业偿债能力和银企关系与科技型中小企业融资能力呈负相关关系。基于此,提出拓宽企业融资渠道、设立专门的中小企业管理机构、加大政府扶持力度等对策,以提高科技型中小企业的融资能力。     

高管团队异质性对组织绩效的影响分析

随着我国改革开放的不断深化,企业在发展过程中所面临的市场环境越来越复杂,这无形中增加了企业的竞争压力。作为企业管理的核心要素,高管团队所做出的战略决策会对企业的发展产生决定性影响,高管团队各成员的素质、团队的整体素质会直接决定企业的战略决策水平及组织绩效。高管团队异质性是高管团队研究领域的重要组成部分,分析高管团队异质性与企业组织绩效之间的关系,可以为企业高管团队组织形态的发展及完善提供理论支持。文章主要针对高管团队异质性对组织绩效的影响进行探讨。     

中小板上市公司高管团队特征与企业创新行为关系研究

基于高层梯队理论和薪酬激励理论,采用聚类分析法和FGLS,以2009－2014年我国中小板上市公司数据为研究对象,实证检验中小企业高管团体特征对企业创新行为的影响,并进一步分析高管货币薪酬对二者关系的调节作用。研究发现,中小板上市公司的高管团队特征影响企业创新行为,高管货币薪酬在高管团队特征对企业创新行为影响中具有正加强效应,即高管货币薪酬在企业创新行为中发挥重要的激励促进作用,能调节高管团队特征在企业创新行为中的影响。本研究不仅丰富了管理者异质性和高层梯队理论,为中小板上市公司高管的薪酬激励提供新的研究视角,同时也有助于政府部门全面掌握企业创新行为的影响因素,为研究中小板上市公司创新行为提供理论依据和经验证据。     

Top management team characteristics,R&;D investment and capital structure in the IT industry

This paper is based on agency theory, resource-based and upper-echelons perspectives to examine the relationship between R&D investment and capital structure and the moderating effects of top management team (TMT) characteristics on the financing decisions of R&D investment in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Using data for SMEs in Taiwan’s IT industry, we find that (1) SMEs involved in R&D activities tend to have lower debt levels and (2) TMT characteristics exert considerable influence on the R&D investment-financial leverage relationship in SMEs. One important implication of the empirical evidence is that for SMEs trying to compete on the basis of innovation, the TMT characteristics significantly influence financing decisions. As innovative activities increase, the selection and development of top executives, who are responsible for choosing an optimal capital structure that could keep financial costs low while providing sufficient financial resources for maintaining a continuous, uninterrupted rate of R&D, is crucial for SMEs.     

The Interdependence of R&D Activity and Debt Financing of Young Firms

We investigate the interdependence of debt financing and R&D activities of young firms. Applying a bivariate Tobit model, we find that there is a positive interdependent relationship between the share of loan financing and R&D intensity. A higher share of loan financing allows for more R&D in young firms and, at the same time, a higher R&D intensity allows for a higher loan share. This result is mainly driven by start‐ups exhibiting high values of R&D intensity or leverage. Another remarkable result of our study is that the positive relationship between R&D and loan financing can only be detected if we consider that, first, the decisions on R&D and on loan financing are made simultaneously and, second, the decision on R&D impacts the decision on loan financing and vice versa.     

Uncertainty,Flexible Labour Relations and R&D

This paper examines the effects of uncertainty and flexible labour contracts on the Research and Development (R&D) intensity. Using a panel of Italian manufacturing firms, we find a hump‐shaped relationship between workforce flexibility and R&D intensity. Moreover, as predicted by the real options theory, our results suggest that product market uncertainty reduces R&D efforts and that flexible labour contracts countervail the adverse effect of uncertainty on R&D.     

Quantile estimates of the impact of R&D intensity on firm performance

This paper investigates the relationship between initial research and development (R&D) intensity and firm growth using a unique data set for firms with R&D activities in Austria during the period 1995–2006. Results based on the least absolute deviation (LAD) estimator show that initial R&D intensity has a positive and significant impact on both employment and sales growth in the subsequent 2 years. Quantile regressions for each cross-section reveal that the impact of R&D intensity is significant from 0.3 to the highest quantile of the conditional distribution of employment growth. Furthermore, the elasticity of employment growth with respect to R&D intensity is highest for firms at or slightly below the median of the distribution of firm growth. Finally, we find that the impact of R&D decreases significantly over time.     

R＆D全球化、反向外溢与技术获取型FDI

在科技全球化浪潮冲击下．跨国公司产业竞争优势演化催生的R＆D资源全球转移为发展中国家实现技术获取型对外直接投资（TSFDI）．获取反向技术外溢创造了机遇。本文分析了跨国公司R＆D资源转移出现的背景．指出TSFDI是对接跨国公司R＆D资源的有效途径．并进而研究了TSFDI与反向技术外溢的关系，归纳了发展中国家TSFDI的现状。     

Moderators on international diversification of advanced emerging market firms

Firms from advanced emerging markets are becoming notable players in the global marketplace. This study seeks to examine how these firms expand to international markets successfully. Drawing on R&D intensity and learning capability, this study finds that an s-shaped relationship exists between firm internationalization and performance. The results also show that R&D intensity and learning capability significantly strengthen the impact of internationalization on firm performance. These results imply that R&D intensity and learning capability are the main drivers of success for firms from advanced emerging markets in foreign markets.     

企业高层管理团队的组成特征对团队效能影响的实证研究

企业高层管理团队的组成特征对组织革新、企业战略及组织绩效等具有非常重要的影响。本文以华东地区的86家企业作为研究对象,研究企业高层管理团队的组成特征对团队效能的影响。研究结果表明,企业应该充分考虑任期、年龄、教育和专业背景等因素,保持高层管理团队组成的异质性,才能提高高层管理团队的决策效率、工作效率和企业利润率,进而提升团队效能。     

Technological intensities and economic performance: a study of foreign and local electronics firms in Malaysia

This article compares technological intensities (TI) and economic performance of foreign and local electronics firms in Malaysia. The results show that foreign firms enjoyed higher labour productivity, wages and export intensity than local firms, though technological intensities between both sets of firms were similar. The econometric results show a strong and positive relationship between labour productivity and technological intensity in all the samples. The higher coefficient of TI in the local sample compared to the foreign sample shows that productivity in local firms is driven much more from in-house technological effort at host-sites than in foreign firms who can access technology from their parent plants. However, the relationship between TI (contributed by differences in R&D intensity) and export-intensity in the local sample is negative demonstrating that much of such effort is devoted to inward-oriented production. Reversing the relationship also produced the same negative relationship in the local sample. Skills intensity enjoyed a positive relationship with TI with similar coefficients. The positive and significant relationship between wages, and R&D and TI shows that the more technology-intensive local firms pay higher wages to attract human capital.     

The Effect of R&;D Intensity on Corporate Social Responsibility

This study examines the impact that research and development (R&D) intensity has on corporate social responsibility (CSR). We base our research on the resource-based view (RBV) theory, which contributes to our analysis of R&D intensity and CSR because this perspective explicitly recognizes the importance of intangible resources. Both R&D and CSR activities can create assets that provide firms with competitive advantage. Furthermore, the employment of such activities can improve the welfare of the community and satisfy stakeholder expectations, which might vary according to their prevailing environment. As expressions of CSR and R&D vary throughout industries, we extend our research by analysing the impact that R&D intensity has on CSR across both manufacturing and non-manufacturing industries. Our results show that R&D intensity positively affects CSR and that this relationship is significant in manufacturing industries, while a non-significant result was obtained in non-manufacturing industries.     

R&D activity in Canada: does corporate ownership structure matter?

This study examines the link between ownership structures and R&D activities in Canada. We hypothesize that highly concentrated ownership structures or the presence of controlling minority shareholders negatively affects R&D intensity of Canadian manufacturing firms. Our results show that the concentration of voting rights is negatively related to the level of R&D expenditure and R&D outcomes. Furthermore, we show that the level of separation between the voting and cash flow rights held by dominant shareholders of “Controlling Minority Structure” firms has a positive effect on R&D intensity but a negative effect on R&D outcomes. Copyright © 2010 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.