农地入市与土地一级市场均衡:一个理论模型

在城市中的国有产权土地消耗殆尽的状态下,中国工业化和城市化的持续发展就维系在农村集体产权的建设用地上,城市的扩张和工业的发展使得盘活集体建设用地势在必行。同时,农村集体土地流转后存在着巨大的增值空间。本文基于供需原理,从土地市场演进的角度分析了农村集体建设用地进入市场后对国家垄断的土地一级市场的影响,旨在为农地的入市提供理论依据和政策参考。     

试论"超市+农产品加工企业+农户"新模式

目前,中国面临着不断增长的对安全、优质农产品的市场和出口需求同大量分散的、无组织的小规模家庭生产的矛盾。本文提倡采用“超市 农产品加工企业(农民合作组织) 农户”的新型农业产业化模式,通过整个农产品供应链管理来确保农产品的安全。     

运城市国内旅游客源市场及营销策略分析

运城市旅游资源非常丰富,对其进行开发能促进地方旅游业的发展,而在开发过程中进行旅游市场分析显得尤为重要。运城市旅游客源市场分析包括客源市场构成分析、游客人口统计分析、游客需求特点分析、运城市游客的空间流动特征分析、游客对运城的满意度及评价分析等。市场营销策略有市场开发前期工作、市场开发的战略选择、促销的具体措施等综合运用各种营销策略。     

纽约市与北京市自来水定价比较研究

制定合理的水价,是解决水资源不足、实现水资源可持续开发利用的重要措施。在对纽约市和北京市目前的水价构成及水平介绍的基础上,从水价承受能力、运行机制和管理体制等角度进行对比和优缺点分析。结果表明,目前两市的自来水定价与调节程序基本相同,不同之处体现在:纽约市将水费分为计量水费、设施水费和服务费用,对房屋正面宽度和涉水设备收取非计量水费,污水处理费比例相对较高,水价的相对水平基本可引起居民对用水的重视;北京市实行单一的计量式水费,水资源费、污水处理费比例较低,水价相对水平偏低,有较大的上升空间。     

Gender and Land Rights Revisited: Exploring New Prospects via the State, Family and Market

The question of women's land rights has a relatively young history in India. This paper briefly traces that history before examining why gendering the land question remains critical, and what the new possibilities are for enhancing women's land access. Potentially, women can obtain land through the State, the family and the market. The paper explores the prospects and constraints linked to each, arguing that access through the family and the market deserve particular attention, since most arable land in India is privatized. On market access, the paper makes several departures from existing discussions by focusing on the advantages, especially for poor women, of working in groups to lease in or purchase land; using government credit for land rather than merely for micro–enterprises; and collectively managing purchased or leased in land, the collectivity being constituted with other women, rather than with family members. Such group functioning is shown to have several advantages over individual or family–based farming. This approach could also help revive land reform, community cooperation and joint farming in a radically new form, one centred on poor women.     

浅谈粮食市场化与粮食市场建设

１粮食市场化的核心是建立一种新的粮食流通体制搞计划经济在理论上曾认为是社会主义制度的一大优势，在粮食问题上尤为突出。然而，当粮食不再短缺，而是供过于求的时候，这种通过分配来进行消费的方式就完全成了多余。党中央、国务院最早认识到这个问题。１９８５年，在刚刚经历了１９８４年农村首次出现卖粮难之后，国务院农村政策研究室提出了改统购为定购的思路，从此走上了粮食市场化的探索之路。１９９２年部分地区在政策上放开了粮食的购销和价格，由于当时条件仍不成熟，期间有过一些反复。真正意义上的放开是２００１年，浙江省经…     

论经营城市及经营城市土地与营销城市

经营城市是在不断完善现代市场体系过程中的新思维、新探索;其核心在于经营城市土地,最终服务于营销城市。营销城市,通过准确的城市定位,打造城市品牌,发挥区域发展核心的作用。从而推动整个区域经济的发展。     

中国蔬菜流通模式构建：一个比较分析的启示

本文借鉴国际上运行良好的蔬菜流通模式 ,将其归纳总结为“海岛模式”和“大陆模式” ,在典型分析的基础上 ,结合目前我国蔬菜流通的实际 ,构建出适合我国国情的蔬菜流通模式 ,以期为我国蔬菜产业的发展提供参考。     

基于颠覆性创新的中国珍珠产业市场机制研究——以上海市场为例

本文在回顾颠覆性创新理论研究框架的基础上,分析了中国珍珠产业存在的问题与发展机遇,并以上海市的珍珠终端市场格局为例,以全球价值链理论下中国珍珠产业的升级机制为分析构架,初步构建了基于颠覆性创新的中国珍珠产业市场机制,最后提出了相应的措施建议。     

Market and Cost Structure in the U.S. Beef Packing Industry: A Plant-Level Analysis

A resurgence of consolidation in the U.S. meat packing industry in the past few decades has stimulated academic and policy debate. Issues raised include the role of cost economies in driving these patterns, and the effects on the agricultural sector (cattle producers) from market power. Here, plant level cost and revenue data for U.S. beef packing plants are used to estimate a cost-based model incorporating cattle- and output-market pricing behavior. The robust results indicate little market power exploitation in either the cattle input or beef output markets, and that any apparent evidence is counteracted by cost efficiencies such as utilization and scope economies.     

农村金融市场机制培育:模式选择与对策

目前我国正在开展新一轮农村金融改革,市场机制培育是其中的关键。本文从农村金融性质出发,研究认为我国农村金融市场机制培育不宜选择一般意义的内生金融成长模式,而应采取适应性农村金融成长模式,关键问题在于实现农村政策性资源配置与商业性资源配置的有效衔接,并提出了模式选择下农村金融市场机制培育的一些具体措施。     

城市土地市场调控政策工具的时滞研究——以武汉市为例

研究目的:分析城市土地市场调控政策工具时滞的类型及其产生,研究土地供给控制政策工具对商品房上市的时滞效应。研究方法:多项式分布滞后模型和实证分析法。研究结果:发现土地供给控制政策工具的时滞:(1)效应显著;(2)持续长;(3)影响市场运行;(4)具有正负向作用。研究结论:调控政策工具的时滞与传导机制和市场主体的预期等因素密切相关,应当进行相应调整。     

Forest conservation programs and the landowners who prefer them: Profiling family forest owners in the New York City watershed

Voluntary forest conservation programs offer family forest owners (FFO) financial incentives in exchange for legally-binding land use restrictions and/or management obligations. Protecting family forests in the Catskill Mountains region of New York is an important policy objective, as these watersheds provide clean drinking water to New York City. Multiple methods were used to elicit preferences for forest conservation program attributes and to identify potential barriers to participation. Respondents to a mailed survey were grouped according to the program attribute that most influenced their likely participation into forest conservation programs. Respondents were identified as time-sensitive, payment value-sensitive, rights-sensitive, payment mode-sensitive, or harvest-sensitive. Comparing groups revealed significant differences in age, attitudes towards harvesting trees, income, and importance of timber production. Supplemental qualitative data was collected during three focus groups of survey respondents and analyzed for general themes. Focus group discussions revealed a lack of knowledge about conservation easement programs, reluctance to burden landowners’ children with encumbered land inheritances, concerns for resale values and tax assessment, and a simmering animosity towards New York City’s watershed management efforts. We offer strategies to address these concerns and to design programs that will foster greater participation among FFOs in the region.     

食品零售业研究综述及研究思路新解

本文对国内外食品零售业研究进展进行了综述,在此基础上提出我国食品零售新业态———超级市场的食品定价行为分析的理论依据,为食品零售业研究提供了新的研究思路。     

住宅市场供求均衡研究——以武汉市为例

研究目的:采用供求均衡模型从住宅竣工率和住宅空置量对住宅市场的供求均衡状况进行研究.研究方法:数学模型法.研究结果:1999-2003年武汉市住宅市场存在住宅过剩,2004-2007年住宅市场供不应求,其中2005与2006年住宅结构不合理,有效供给不足.通过对武汉市住宅供给量和住宅消费需求量进行预测,结果表明2008-2015年武汉市住宅市场在合理的宏观调控政策的影响下可以实现供求均衡.研究结论:提出了消除非市场因素、增加住宅有效供给、减缓改善性需求、抑制投机性需求等为实现住宅市场供求均衡提供良好宏观环境的政策建议.     

Marketing and Pricing Dynamics in the Presence of Structural Breaks: The Hungarian Pork Market

The study of marketing margins and price transmission on various commodity markets has been a popular research topic of the past decades (see Meyer & Von Cramon-Taubadel, 2004 Meyer , J. , & Von Cramon-Taubadel , S. ( 2004 ). Asymmetric price transmission: A survey . Journal of Agricultural Economics , 55 ( 3 ), 581 – 611 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar], for a recent survey). However, with a few exception these studies focused on developed economies. This article examines this phenomena on the Hungarian pork market. The Johansen (maximum likelihood, 1988 Johansen , S. ( 1988 ). Statistical analysis of cointegrating vectors . Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control , 12 , 231 – 254 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) or Engle and Granger (2-step, 1987 Engle , R. F. , & Granger , C. W. J. ( 1987 ). Cointegration and error correction: Representation, estimation and testing . Econometrica , 55 , 251 – 276 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) cointegration tests do not reject the no-cointegration null hypothesis between the Hungarian pork producer and retail price series. Therefore, we applied the Gregory and Hansen (1996 Gregory , A. W. , & Hansen , B. E. ( 1996 ). Residual-based tests for cointegration in models with regime shifts . Journal of Econometrics , 70 , 99 – 126 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) procedure with recursively estimated break points and Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) statistics and found that the prices are cointegrated with a structural break occurring in April 1996 Gregory , A. W. , & Hansen , B. E. ( 1996 ). Residual-based tests for cointegration in models with regime shifts . Journal of Econometrics , 70 , 99 – 126 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]. Exogeneity tests reveal the causality running from producer to retail prices both in the long and short run. Homogeneity tests are rejected, suggesting a markup pricing strategy. Price transmission modeling suggests that price transmission on the Hungarian pork meat market is symmetric in the long run but asymmetric in the short run; that is, processors, wholesalers, or retailers might take temporary advantage should price changes occur.     

流域水资源分配市场经济宏观调控模型的探讨

本文以塔里木河流域为例,分析了流域各地区之间以及地区内部各用户群体之间在水资源分配上的博弈现状,利用对策理论建立了针对不同层面博弈问题的水资源分配模型,并进行了相应的比较和评价.在此基础上提出了通过宏观调控和市场经济等两种手段来对全流域的利益进行分配和调节,即基于水产权的初级分配和市场交易机制来促进水资源的有效配置,从而建立一个具有“激励相容”特征的实际管理运行机制,以实现水资源在全流域的优化配置,以及当地社会经济和生态环境的可持续发展.     

信任、利率与农村金融市场竞合关系——中国农村小额信贷市场的理论模型

本文立足于孟加拉格莱闵银行(GB模式)小额信贷运作的理念和原理建立小额信贷市场一般模型,并衍生出中国农村小额信贷市场的理论模型及其扩展模型,通过模型分析,认为信任在小额信贷市场中扮演了重要角色,农村信用社、微型金融组织(MFI)、非政府组织(NGO)等信任不同收入水平的农户群体,农村信用社行政性低贷款利率难以覆盖小额信贷业务的经营成本和贷款风险,并导致"市场挤出MFI(NGO)"现象发生,影响了农村小额信贷市场上MFI、NGO、农村信用社、民间借贷等的公平竞争和有效合作,据此提出相应的对策。