Changing Perceptions and Changing Behavior in Customer Relationships

We formulate a theoretical model in which we postulate that if customers' behavior is perceived as not optimal, customers will adjust this behavior based on their current satisfaction and payment equity. Furthermore, customers will also include new experiences. In our empirical study we particularly investigate customer referrals and the amount of services purchased. Our results show positive effects of current satisfaction and payment equity on referrals, while also changes in satisfaction and payment equity affect customer referrals. With respect to the amount of services purchased, our estimation results reveal a positive significant effect of only changes in satisfaction.     

Changing Times

The study focused on the impact of marketing information (direct information) on consumer buying behavior in a matured marketing environment. The respondents responded to queries related to the influence of marketing information (product, price, promotion, place, etc.) on their purchase of passenger cars. Simple linear regression and multiple liner regression methods have been used to test the consistency and impact and the results suggest that (a) all marketing information has an impact on consumer buying behavior and (b) Product and Place/Distribution information have high impact and price and promotion information have low influence over consumer purchase.     

口味的变化

日本在二战后,痛定思痛总结出一条经验:吃的不能依赖进口,特别是主食大米.这些年来,有些产粮国想突破这道"防线"均未奏效,因为日本历届政府都遵循这一"原则":必须吃自个儿土疙瘩里长的.否则,遇到兵慌马乱,谁能"援助"这1.5亿张嘴?大和民族有一种地理上的忧患意识,打开地图瞅瞅,不能说日本政府官员们想的没道理.     

Consumer Sales Law in Poland: Changing the Law,Changing Attitudes

The purpose of this paper is to show what the future implementation of the Consumer Sales Directive by Poland may involve. The analysis focuses on the substantive legal and other changes necessary to give full effect to the Directive. Polish guarantees law is compared with the Directive in order to identify similarities and divergences and highlight areas in need of reform. A brief account of the extra-legal factors affecting the position of consumers in post-Communist countries supplements the legal analysis in order to show what sort of reforms are necessary. It will be demonstrated that the black letter laws do not need as much change as certain other issues, such as political, economic, and social factors, and, most of all, the idiosyncrasies of the legal profession. Finally, the role of the European Communities in the process of harmonisation of post-Socialist laws with the European Union standards is briefly analysed. Although the analysis of guarantee laws is focused on Poland, the reader is encouraged to see the wider picture of post-Communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe, and the specificity of the position of consumers there.     

自下而上变化的媒体格局

<正>"融媒",或者说媒介融合,已经成为业内一个时髦的字眼。2010年我们见识了前所未有的媒介合作与跨界融合,这一股浪潮并不是平白无故出现的,它更多地反映了来自于受众层面、自下而上对于媒体的改变。     

FOCUS: Changing Regulations

When bad business behaviour is so much in the news is this a time for tighter regulation? But can standards be set for “good behaviour” in business? The author is Senior Lecturer in Public Relations and Philosophy at Leeds Business School, Leeds Metropolitan University, Leeds LS2 8AF.     

To Witness CIEF Changing

From 1957 to now, the Canton Fair has witnessed the great development of China import and export trading and has recorded the pace of the country＇s growth since it established at that special period. Looking back the over fifty years, the fair has experienced four phrases： establishment, growing exploration and spanning.     

The Changing Dynamics of Inflation

Inflation in the United States and elsewhere has become lower and more stable over the past two decades. It is likely that monetary policy has played an important role in this change in inflation dynamics by creating expectations of stability. This paper traces the evolution of the role of expectations in thinking about inflation, the supporting evidence over the past two decades, and role of central banks in influencing expectations. Increased global integration has magnified these effects. However, the importance of factors other than monetary policy implies that policymakers must consider a wide range of information before acting. Moreover, expectations of inflation stability cannot be taken for granted; and policymakers must be vigilant against complacency. JEL Classification E31, E58     

How Technology is Changing Retail

Retailing is undergoing a remarkable transformation brought by recent advances in technology. In this paper, we provide a deep discussion of and look ahead on how technology is changing retail, starting with a classification of technologies that impact retailing, in particular, in the COVID-19 and beyond world. We discuss different theoretical frameworks or lenses to better understand the role of technology in retailing. We identify and elaborate on the drivers and outcomes of technology adoption by shoppers, retailers, employees, and suppliers. We speculate on future retail scenarios and outline future research avenues on technology and retailing. We close by concluding that technology is not only reshaping retailing, but also allowing retailing to pivot in the face of new and unforeseen circumstances.     

Changing Trends in Seafood Markets

The rapid growth of aquaculture has significantly impacted the development of global seafood markets by providing year-round supplies of consistent quality seafood products. Production of cultured salmon, however, has resulted in both a rapid increase in supplies and substantial decreases in prices for both farmed and wild product. Producers are now searching for new marketing and production strategies and debating the relative merits of wild and cultured product. To date, however, there are few studies which explore consumer preferences for wild and cultured salmon. This paper addresses this issue by reviewing general trends in global seafood markets and focusing on market development and consumer preferences for farmed and wild salmon. A consumer survey was developed to elicit preferences for the characteristics of salmon. Results showed that quality was the most important salmon attribute followed by state (fresh/frozen), flesh color, and price. Source of production (wild or farmed) was the least important attribute and species and product form were of intermediate importance. However, preferences for specific characteristics depended on the socioeconomic profile of the respondents. Results indicate potential opportunities for niche marketing of certain types of wild salmon, conditional on resource conservation and management.     

Changing Business-Government Relations in Korea

Business-government relations in Korea were transformed during the developmental period between 1960 and 1990 under an authoritarian government. The relationship could be characterised as a close and vertical one where the government took a firm control of the business sector through the allocation of financial resources and entry permits for new business. Cultural characteristics such as close family and school ties and the Confucian tradition of respecting civil servants helped to strengthen this relationship. However, there have been signs that the traditional ‘Korea, Inc.’ model has outlived its usefulness. As the economy matured and became more open t o the world economy, the tight control of the economy by bureaucrats has proved less effective and in many cases it has weakened the efficiency of the economy. The democratisation of the polity has also changed the traditional vertical relationship among the power elite, bureaucrats and business. Now the government has become just one of the many stakeholders that business has to interact with in a more pluralistic and decentralised society.     

Measuring the Changing TV Audience

A review of existing audience measurement techniques in Europe is presented. The main characteristics of the future media landscape are described in relation to the cable developments in Europe. 'Greater viewer choice and audience segmentation are the keywords; the main requirements for future audience measurement are discussed.     

Traditional Festivals Changing with Times

Alot can be learnt about a people from studying its traditional holidays.Even though the specific dates of numerous holidays and festivals have shifted over the years,and like-wise some of the specific activities might no longer exist or might have changed altogether,many of those wishing to compare cultural differences between the West and China start off by looking at Christmas and the Spring Festival.The Chinese New Year is without