股指成分股调整降低了企业的投资效率吗?

本文选取2010年6月～2017年6月中国沪深300指数成分股的入选与备选公司作为研究样本,通过差分后的固定效应模型考察该指数成分股的调整对于企业投资效率的影响以及企业管理者自身偏好对于二者关系的调节效应。分析结果表明:入选股指成分股后,相对同期的备选股公司,入选公司的投资效率显著提升;进一步的调节效应检验发现,对于股指成分股调整与企业投资效率,管理者风险偏好对二者之间的关系存在明显的负向调节效应,而管理者规模偏好对二者关系不存在显著的调节作用。本文研究丰富了关于股指成分股调整效应的文献资料,深化了企业非效率投资影响因素的理解,可以为企业加强内部治理、缓解委托代理问题提供参考。     

上证180指数成分股调整价格效应的实证研究——基于后经济危机时期的市场数据

在对国内外相关文献综述的基础上,对调整指数成分股的价格效应进行分析,对国内的上证180指数调整成分股事件对股票价格的影响进行进一步实证研究。排除了一系列特殊停牌的样本后,选取后经济危机时期的数据(2009年6月—2011年6月)进行实证检验,最后得出初步结论。     

高盈利 低负债 提升成长空间——兴证海峡指数2013年上半年分析报告

海西区大力发展有比较优势的行业,兴证海峡指数相对A股行业权重较大的纺织服装、轻工制造、有色金属行业盈利能力均高于A股相应行业整体盈利能力。受国家区域发展政策支持等因素的影响,近年首发筹资幅度较大,降低了成分股整体资产负债率。2012年后尽管新股发行放缓,但相对A股高盈利与低负债的状况使成长空间扩大,兴证海峡指数成分股相对A股营业收入增速较高。2009年以来及2013年上半年兴证海峡指数相对A股指数均有较为显著的超额收益,当前兴证海峡指数成分股相比A股维持盈利水平较高、负债水平较低的状况,截至2013年上半年,兴证海峡指数市盈率指标相对A股指数略高。     

沪深300指数成分股调整价格效应的理论评述与实证检验

本文在排除了股权分置改革、新股快速进入等事件的影响之后,对沪深300指数2005年1月-2008年11月期间成分股调整的价格效应进行了实证研究。结果表明,成分股调整出现了显著的“公告日效应”。向下需求曲线假说、价格压力假说、信息含量假说、流动性假说及选择性偏差假说等能在一定程度上解释了沪深300指数调整的价格效应,而投资者知觉假说缺乏相应的实证证据。本文也建议应将指数成分股调整纳入市场监管的统一框架之内。     

凤尾变鸡头:被忽视的指数成分股交换

沪深300和中证500同时调整成分股,沪深300调出的股票大部分会进入中证500。这些交换的成分股既有沪深300调出效应,也有中证500调入效应。已有文献专注于沪深300调出样本整体的调出效应,却忽视了交换股还有中证500调入效应。本文首先使用断点回归设计研究交换股,证明了指数效应在国内存在。随后,使用Fama-French五因子模型研究交换股与其它沪深300调出股的差异,解释了为何国内研究认为指数效应不存在:交换股主要表现出调入效应,抵消了其它沪深300调出股的调出效应,忽视指数成分股交换导致了整体调出效应“不显著”,甚至为正。     

管理者权力、投资机会与公司非投资效率间的动态关系——基于动态面板System GMM模型的实证研究

本文以2002—2011年716家上市公司为样本,在动态内生性的框架下,运用动态面板的System GMM估计方法,同时考虑了三种内生性,以动态的视角研究了管理者权力、投资机会与公司非效率投资间的关系。研究发现：管理者权力和投资机会不仅对当期公司非效率投资有显著的影响,而且对下一期的公司非效率投资也有显著的影响。管理者权力和投资机会对公司非效率投资有长期影响,而且其交互效应也对公司非效率投资有显著的影响。     

管理者非理性行为与非效率投资关系研究

本文基于有限理性假设,以中国A股上市公司2009-2015年财务数据作为研究样本,研究管理者的三种非理性行为(管理者过度自信、管理者风险偏好和管理者从众行为)对企业非效率投资的共同影响。结果表明:管理者过度自信与管理者从众行为会导致上市公司非效率投资;过度自信和非过度自信管理者的从众行为均会加剧企业非效率投资,非过度自信管理者的从众行为对非效率投资的影响尤为严重;过度自信管理者的风险偏好与非效率投资显著正相关,而非过度自信管理者的风险偏好与非效率投资显著负相关,即非过度自信管理者适当的风险偏好行为在一定程度上会缓解企业非效率投资。因此,要想提高公司非效率投资管理应从管理者的心理素质培养入手,重点培养其避免从众心理,积极主动地根据自己企业的实际情况进行投资;对非过度自信的管理者还需要培养其适当的风险偏好。     

MSCI中国A股指数成分股的入选标准与股市发展

中国A股部分被纳入MSCI中国A股指数是国际投资界对我国金融市场改革开放的肯定。作为一家全球信誉卓著的投资咨询公司,MSCI公司在选择MSCI中国A股指数成分股时遵循了一套严格的入选标准和操作程序。本文试图从行业选择、入选公司业绩、股息分配、市场表现和交易活跃程度来分析MSCI的遴选标准,然后量化MSCI中国A股指数与沪深300股票指数以及上证指数的联动趋势,最后就进一步扩大中国A股影响力提出建议。     

基于层次聚类降维模型推测股票组合持仓的研究

股票组合中成分股的构成与权重反映了基金经理的投资策略与投资风格,在实践中,这些信息往往存在披露频率低、披露时间滞后以及有限披露的问题。通过研究提出了一种基于二次规划的层次聚类降维模型,能够仅根据样本空间股票与投资组合的历史收益率,快速估算出股票组合当前成分股的构成与权重。同时选择上证50指数验证模型的效果,发现样本区间内,层次聚类降维模型能够从A股全部样本空间几千只股票中,平均估算出上证50指数50只实际成分股中的29.3只股票,对高权重成分股预测精度约为73%,优于二次规划模型。另外,市场结构分化越显著,层次聚类降维模型相对二次规划模型的改进效果越明显。模型的有效性验证了A股市场分层聚类的结构特征。     

市场竞争、非效率投资与僵尸企业

本文使用2008～2017年沪深A股上市公司数据,基于企业非效率投资的视角,并考虑了市场竞争的作用下探讨了僵尸企业形成的原因。研究发现,企业非效率投资与僵尸企业显著正相关。与投资不足相比,企业过度投资更容易造成僵尸企业问题。同时,市场竞争作为外部治理机制能显著削弱企业非效率投资对僵尸企业的影响。最后本文分别从企业内部和外部提出科学合理规划企业投资行为和完善市场竞争机制的政策建议。     

Stock index adjustments and analysts’ forecast optimism: A quasi-natural experiment on the CSI 300 Index

As stock index adjustments comprise a basic system of capital market, their potential influence on analysts’ earnings forecasts is worthy of research. Based on a research sample of 23 adjustments to the CSI 300 Index from June 2007 to June 2018 and the backup stocks announced during the same period, this study examines the impact of additions to stock index on analysts’ forecast optimism using a staggered difference-in-differences model. The research results show that after stocks are added to the stock index, analysts’ earnings forecast optimism about these stocks increases significantly. Cross-sectional analysis indicates that this increase is more significant when the market is bullish, institutional ownership is low, the ratio of listed brokerage firms is low, star analyst coverage is low, firms show seasoned equity offering activity, the ratio of analysts from the top five brokerage firms ranked by commission income is high, and the analysts’ brokerage firms are shareholders. However, analyst-level tests find that analysts’ ability helps to reduce the impact of additions to stock index on earnings forecast optimism. Furthermore, additions to stock index significantly increase analyst coverage and forecast divergence. Economic consequences tests find additions to stock index significantly increases stock price synchronization, which is partly mediated by analysts’ earnings forecast optimism. This study enriches the literature on the impact of basic capital market systems and analyst behavior. The findings suggest that investors should rationally evaluate analysts’ earnings forecasts for stocks added to the stock index and obtain further information from various channels to improve asset allocation efficiency.     

恒生指数和沪深300股指期货套期保值效果对比研究

本文利用OLS、ECM、ECM-GARCH模型对沪深300股指期货和恒生指数期货的最优套期保值率进行了估算,并在风险最小化框架下对它们的套期保值效果进行了对比研究。结果发现:无论是哪种股指期货,不考虑期现货间存在的协整关系会使估算的最优套期保值率偏高,影响套期保值效果;其次是虽然在样本内外,沪深300股指期货的套期保值效果比恒生指数期货的好,但是沪深300股指期货套期保值效果的稳定性比恒生指数差。此时,ECM-GARCH和OLS模型分别为样本内外投资者利用沪深300指数期货进行套期保值时的最佳选择;对于恒生指数股指期货,最优模型是ECM。     

Does stock market index adjustment affect environmental information disclosure? Evidence from China

This study empirically investigated the effect of adjustment of the China Securities Index 300 (CSI 300) on environmental information disclosure (EID) by index constituents, based on propensity score matching and difference-in-difference approaches. The results showed that the inclusion in the CSI 300 significantly improved the quality of EID by firms. Moreover, this positive impact was more pronounced among firms with lower agency costs and those located in regions with a stronger legal environment. Further testing of the mediating mechanism revealed that becoming an index constituent served to curb opportunistic behavior by managers arising from shortsightedness. Our results were valid after addressing the potential endogeneity between index adjustment and EID and remained unchanged in various other robustness tests. The findings provide support for the positive impact of stock market index adjustment on non-financial information disclosure and have practical implications for decision-making regarding EID in China and other emerging markets.     

沪深300股指期货与现货市场的非线性信息溢出与价格发现功能研究

采用线性与非线性Granger因果检验、协整检验和VECM模型,研究了沪深300股指期货和现货市场的线性与非线性信息溢出,并检验了期货市场的价格发现功能发挥情况。研究结果显示:线性信息溢出方面,沪深300股指期货市场对现货市场只有线性均值信息溢出,现货市场对期货市场只存在线性方差信息溢出;非线性信息溢出方面,两个市场之间不存在非线性均值信息溢出,不过二者之间存在显著的非线性方差信息溢出;沪深300股指期、现货市场之间存在着长期均衡的关系,不过不同于成熟市场中期货市场在价格发现方面居于主导地位的结论,我国股指现货市场在价格发现方面占主导地位,而期货市场处于从属地位。     

Cross-country comparisons of efficiency: Evidence from the UK and Italian investment firms

This paper compares and reconciles two new methods for cross-country comparisons of the cost efficiency of UK and Italian investment firms over the period 1995–1998. It employs four different specifications of the stochastic frontier methodology, using a translog cost function in order to measure X-efficiency. The traditional common frontier reveals that Italian investment firms are nearly as efficient as UK firms. To overcome traditional limitations, two methods are used in this paper. They provide consistent results. The first method shows differences between the efficiency of the two countries by incorporating environmental variables into the cross-country common frontier. The second method shows differences in the efficiency of the domestic versus foreign investment firms in the two countries, by testing the ability to monitor and control on a cross-border basis. Finally, to identify investment firms that are both cost and profit efficient, we undertake a profitability test.     

Government intervention and firm investment

This paper examines how government intervention affects firms' investment and investment efficiency, focusing on the world's largest economic stimulus package (ESP) during the 2008 global financial crisis period. The RMB four trillion ESP aimed to restore the economy by promoting investment in priority areas. Thus it provided an exogenous shock to firms' investment environment and exacerbated the impact of government intervention on firms' investment and investment efficiency. We use propensity score matching to match government-intervened firms with their controls to reduce the endogeneity issue of government intervention. Our difference-in-differences analysis shows that government-intervened firms invested more than control firms. Further analysis shows that the source of funding for investment was mainly from bank loans rather than internal cash flows. However, the post-investment performance was poor. We find that the investment efficiency of government-intervened firms decreased and government-intervened firms overinvested after the ESP. Our results are robust to alternative model specifications and placebo tests. The findings suggest that government intervention can play a negative role in government-intervened firms.     

股指期货到期日效应在中国存在吗

本文选取1分钟高频数据作为研究对象,采用带有虚拟变量的自回归模型对沪深300股指期货合约是否具有到期日效应展开实证研究。研究的主要结论有：第一,股指期货合约到期日时,现货市场并没有出现交易量异常放大的现象,反而在到期日的最后两个小时,现货市场的交易量出现异常减少的现象;第二,股指期货合约到期日时,现货市场的波动率并没有出现异常的变化。由以上两个结论来看,沪深300股指期货合约并没有出现所谓的到期日效应,这与我国设计合理的交割结算价确定机制以及特殊的期货市场投资者结构有关。     

Short-selling and cost of equity: evidence from China

In this study, we take advantage of the gradual lifting of the short-selling ban in China and find that firms affected by the lifting of the ban experience a lower cost of equity. In addition, the affected firms also incur less earnings management, higher market liquidity and higher investment efficiency. Further evidence shows that firms’ cost of equity increases after their stocks are no longer eligible for short selling. Our inferences are robust to alternative measures of cost of equity, and to using a propensity score-matched sample. Our study contributes to the literature by providing evidence that short sellers play a monitoring role in the Chinese stock markets and sheds light on the benefits of short selling in emerging markets.     

Employment protection legislation and R&D investment

This paper examines how employment protection legislation influences corporate R&D investment. With a sample of 113,228 observations across 23 OECD countries from 2001 to 2018, I document that firms in strong employment protection legislation have lower R&D expenditure and investment efficiency. In addition, I find that the effect of employment protection on R&D expenditure is stronger in financially constrained firms but the effect of employment protection on R&D investment efficiency is stronger in financially unconstrained firms.