失衡的文化消费——对珠海市居民文化消费现状的思考

据珠海市统计局城调队抽样调查资料显示,珠海市居民的文化消费结构呈现以下特征: 一、居民对娱乐型文化消费兴趣有增无减,支出连年增加,在文化消费支出中所占比重为64.8% 1992年珠海市居民在文化消费方面的总支出为人均397.7元,其中娱乐型文化消费,包括购买文娱用品及文娱费,其支出为257.8元,所占比重为64.8%,占绝对优势;与此相反,知识型的的文化消费,包括教育费支出     

为什么中国文娱消费偏低?基于人口年龄结构的解释

促进文娱消费对于拉动文化产业高质量发展、满足人民精神文化需求至关重要，但我国居民文娱消费增速偏低，对此学界还欠缺足够的经验论证。文章基于人口年龄结构视角，利用中国家庭追踪调查数据（CFPS2016）考察中国城镇居民人口年龄结构变迁对文娱消费的影响。实证结果发现：整体而言，城镇家庭少儿人口占比具有显著的文娱消费需求效应，但家庭老年人口占比增加对文娱消费需求形成挤压；进一步研究发现，文娱消费需求效应伴随少儿的成长表现更为旺盛，而老年阶段的文娱消费需求随着年岁增长愈加不敏感。进一步机制分析表明，家庭收入水平和教育程度能够正向调节家庭老龄化的文娱消费需求效应，在收入水平更高、教育背景更好的家庭，人口老龄化对文娱消费的挤出效应愈不明显；在教育背景、健康状况更优的家庭，少儿抚养数量增加带来的正向文娱消费需求会被部分挤出。旨在促进城镇居民文娱消费的政策应该顺应我国人口结构变动规律，充分尊重不同年龄消费群体的文娱消费选择及习惯，重点关注"多子化"、高收入、高学历家庭的文娱消费需求，在全面提高居民收入水平的基础上，培育发展壮大细分文娱产业和消费市场，让更多居民对文娱"能消费"、"愿消费"。     

农村居民生活消费止跌趋升

据对全国6.7万个农村居民家庭的抽样调查结果表明:2000年农村居民全年人均生活消费支出1670元,比上年实际增长5%。初步扭转前两年农村居民生活消费水平绝对下降的不利局面,显示出恢复性增长趋势。一、2000年农村居民生活消费特点1.食品消费支出下降,但质量改善。2000年农村居民人均食品支出820元,比上年下降7元,下降1.0%。农村居民消费的恩格尔系数即食品支出占生活消费支出的比重下降为50.1%,是改革以来的最低点,也是农村居民总体生活消费质量逐步提高的重要标志。尽管2000年农村居民食品消费支出下降,但调查数据表明,农村居民当年食品消费的质量仍有较为明显的改善,这主要表现     

地方政府支出对农村居民消费影响的研究——以浙江省为例

文章利用浙江省1992-2009年的数据对地方政府支出对农村居民的消费需求影响进行了回归分析,结果表明,地方政府支出有利于促进农村居民的消费需求的增长,其中转移支付对农村居民消费的影响大于购买性支出。因此,浙江省地方政府实施的积极财政政策对扩大农村消费需求是有效且必要的。     

碳标签食品的消费者行为相关研究：一个文献综述

在减少碳排放的过程中,许多国家往往将重点放在工业生产方面,而忽视了居民日常消费特别是食品消费的碳减排.碳标签食品正是试图通过鼓励消费者选择低碳排放的食品来改变这一状况.但这种方式能否如愿很大程度上取决于消费者是否关注环境的恶化以及是否愿意为碳标签食品支付额外的费用.因此,文章综述了国外关于碳标签食品的理论基础、认知、影响消费者行为的因素和支付意愿研究方法的相关文献.这对于我国推进碳标签食品体系的建立,进而降低食品消费的碳排放具有重要的现实意义和普遍意义.     

河南省农村居民消费结构变动趋势分析

消费结构指不同商品和劳务消费支出占总消费支出的比例,包括食品消费、衣着消费、家庭设备用品及服务消费、医疗保健消费、交通通讯消费、娱乐文教消费、居住消费和杂项商品及服务消费等8项支出子项.21世纪以来,农村居民消费水平有较大提高,本文主要分析河南省农村居民的消费情况,并阐述其结构变动趋势.     

河北省城镇居民消费特点及趋势分析

一、河北省城镇居民消费现状及特征。 1. 消费质量提高,恩格尔系数进一步下降 衡量居民消费质量的一个重要指标是恩格尔系数。恩格尔系数是指食品支出总额占家庭或个人消费支出总额的百分比。它基本反映了经济发展及收入增加对生活消费的影响程度,说明收入和食品支出之间的相关关系。一般而言,随着居民收入的提高,恩格尔系数将逐步减小。通过统计资料分析和计算,河北省城镇居民的恩格尔系数由1998年的41.4％下降到2002年的35.4％;人均粮食消费粮油由92.34公斤下降到72.29公斤;肉禽类、蛋类、水产品的消费近几     

中国城镇居民消费结构变迁及其成因分析

改革开放以来,中国城镇居民消费结构发生了很大变化,其中食品、衣着和家庭设备等"商品"的消费支出占比明显下降,而用于医疗、交通、娱乐教育和居住等"服务"性的消费支出份额则大幅上升,存在显著的消费结构升级.本文首先分五个阶段,回顾分析了1978年以来中国城镇居民消费结构的变动情况,然后采用1996至2006年的省际面板数据,估计了消费支出和价格水平在决定城镇居民消费结构方面的作用.结果表明,消费支出增加对消费结构升级有显著的促进作用,同时各类商品和服务相对价格的变化对居民消费结构也有重要影响.     

政府支出对我国居民消费的影响

政府支出包括政府消费、转移性支出和政府投资三个部分.政府消费和转移性支出对居民消费都有直接影响,特别是与公共服务相关的政府消费和转移性支出对居民消费的影响尤为明显.     

以移动支付促进江苏居民信息消费研究

在现代信息通信技术迅猛发展的大背景下,居民信息消费水平不断提升,如何拉动信息消费为代表的新型内需引起了国内外研究人员的广泛关注。文章以信息消费的影响因素为视角,从信息消费的主体、客体、环境这三个方面研究了移动支付对居民信息消费的作用机制,并在对江苏居民信息消费特征进行分析的基础上,提出了以移动支付作为手段促进江苏居民信息消费的策略建议。     

E-commerce and Consumption Inequality in China

Consumption inequality may impede economic development and hinder the achievement of common prosperity. Using three waves of the China Family Panel Studies from 2014 to 2018, this paper investigated the impact of e-commerce on consumption inequality, as measured by the Kakwani index. The results indicate that e-commerce can reduce household consumption inequality. A mechanism analysis shows that e-commerce can narrow household income inequality, increase the purchasing power of low-income households, and promote the consumption of households with limited access to offline markets, thereby reducing the consumption gap. A heterogeneity analysis suggests that the positive role of e-commerce in reducing consumption inequality can be more significant among vulnerable households, such as households with elderly members and less-educated households. E-commerce can have varying impacts on consumption inequality across different subcategories of household expenditure, with the greatest impact seen in entertainment and education expenditure. These findings provide new evidence for the role of e-commerce in reducing consumption inequality in the digital economy, and the implications of this are discussed.     

我国城镇职工养老保险待遇水平的影响因素研究

文章以2001-2012年省级面板数据为基础,利用可行的广义最小二乘法(FGLS),对影响我国养老保险待遇水平的因素进行了定量研究。研究表明:在职职工年人均缴费额、职退比、人均GDP、人均财政收入对我国养老保险待遇水平有显著的正向影响,城市化率对养老保险待遇水平有显著的负向影响,其中,在职职工年人均缴费额和职退比是影响我国养老保险待遇水平的最主要因素。我国调整养老保险待遇水平缺乏科学的依据,具体表现在养老保险待遇水平与居民人均消费性支出不相关。     

The adoption and use of mobile payment: Determinants and relationship with bank access☆

This study aims to answer two questions: What determines the adoption and use of mobile payment? What is the relationship between mobile payment and access to traditional bank services? By using representative survey data in rural China, we apply a hurdle model with 2SLS and find that consumers with better access to bank services are more likely to adopt mobile payment. However, after adoption, the less often the consumers visit banks because of distance or social constraints, the more they use mobile payment to complement bank services. Younger, better educated households with higher income and more smart phones are more likely to adopt and use mobile payment. Among these characteristics, age has the largest marginal effect while income has the least. Households in the agricultural sector are least likely to adopt and use mobile payment. We also find that awareness of neighbors' use of non-cash payment has a substantial positive effect.     

Expenditure patterns and elasticities of rural households sampled in two communal areas of KwaZulu-Natal

Expenditure patterns among a sample of 99 rural households in two communal districts in KwaZulu-Natal were investigated to determine the potential impact of a widespread income shock on household expenditure. The results showed expenditure elasticities of close to unity for food. Low elasticities were found for staple foods. Elasticities for meat, meat products and poultry were close to unity, while horticultural products showed the greatest potential for demand growth within the food category. Of the statistically significant commodity categories, expenditure elasticities for durables, housing and transport were more than double those estimated for the aggregate food category. For consumer items, the district expenditure elasticities were estimated to be 0,76 and 0,71, while expenditure on social obligations would not increase with rural incomes. Wealthier households (the top expenditure decile) have a greater propensity for increased expenditure on transport, while poorer households show a greater propensity for increased expenditure on housing and durables. Although agriculture has the potential to generate widespread growth in rural incomes, the preference for manufactured goods casts some doubt on the strength of consumption multipliers for locally produced farm and non-farm goods in rural KwaZulu-Natal.     

我国的移动支付问题浅析

移动支付是在交易活动中以手机作为支付手段,即将手机与信用卡号码链接起来通过手机代替信用卡来支付交易费用,它具有方便、安全、成本低廉等优势,但目前的消费观念、技术支持、利益分配、手续繁杂等多种因索制约了移动支付的快速发展。     

财政支出对居民消费的实证分析

自20世纪90年代中后期以来，我国居民消费率一直低于世界平均水平并且徘徊在百分之三十几的低位。因此，财政支出对居民消费影响的研究，不仅是一个重要的理论问题，更是一个关系到经济平稳增长，提高人民生活水平的现实问题。从20世纪70年代至今，经济学家对财政支出和居民消费的关系进行了大量的理论与实证研究。文章将采用2007-2011年的省级面板数据，应用实证方法分析财政支出对居民消费的影响，研究结果表明：近年来财政支出对居民消费主要是挤入效应。     

浅析我国移动支付商业模式的选择与构建

移动支付是移动电子商务发展的核心支持条件。处于发展初级阶段的我国移动支付产业目前面临着商业模式选择以及价值链构建的问题。文章通过分析影响我国移动支付商业模式选择的关键资源和移动支付产业链参与主体对关键资源的掌控能力,提出了适合我国移动电子商务发展状况的移动支付商业模式,以促进我国移动支付产业的创新发展。     

经济转型期我国城乡居民消费结构的分析与比较

本文以扩展线性系统(ELES)模型为基础,分析了我国在经济转型期间(1996～2008年)城乡居民消费结构的变化。主要研究结果是:①城乡居民商品及服务的边际消费倾向随时间推移而下降;②城乡居民的消费行为虽有差异,但趋向较为一致;③食品支出的重要性显著降低,居民的消费结构向高级化发展;④2008年世界经济危机已对我国城乡居民的消费行为产生较大影响,但相对而言,城镇居民更为严重。     

Working Women in an Urban Setting: Traders,Vendors and Food Security in Accra

Data collected from a 1997 household survey carried out in Accra, Ghana are used to look at the crucial role that women play as income earners and securing access to food in urban areas. One-third of the households surveyed are headed by women. For all households, women's labor force participation is high with 75% of all households having at least one working woman. The high number of female-headed households and the large percentage of working women in the sample provide a good backdrop for looking at how women earn and spend income differently than men in an urban area. Livelihood strategies for both men and women are predominantly labor based and dependent on social networks. For all households in the sample, food is still the single most important item in the total budget. Yet, important and striking differences between men's and women's livelihoods and expenditure patterns exist. Compared to men, women are less likely to be employed as wage earners, and more likely to work as street food vendors or petty traders. Women earn lower incomes, but tend to allocate more of their budget to basic goods for themselves and their children, while men spend more on entertainment for themselves only. Despite lower incomes and additional demands on their time as housewives and mothers, female-headed households, petty traders and street food vendors have the largest percentage of food-secure households. Women may be achieving household food security, but at what cost? This paper explores differences in income, expenditure and consumption patterns in an effort to answer this question, and suggests ways that urban planners and policy makers can address special concerns to working women in urban areas.     

Food consumption patterns,seasonality and market access in Mozambique

Seasonal fluctuations in food consumption are a serious problem in rural Mozambique, where community isolation is high, and market integration, use of improved inputs, and access to off-farm income are low. This article uses household survey data to trace seasonal fluctuations in food consumption patterns and to analyse the ways households maintain access to calories. Significant substitution is observed between maize and cassava, and beans and green vegetables, over the production cycle. An analysis of the total expenditure elasticity of food groups reveals how precarious food security is in rural households in the poorest quintile. These households show near unitary expenditure elasticity for even the most basic staples of maize and cassava. The potential role of public policy in diminishing seasonal fluctuation in food consumption is explored using distance to road as an indicator of market access. The results show that distance to the nearest road has a significant effect on household food consumption patterns.