锅炉化学清洗工艺的改进与应用

火力发电厂锅炉机组,尤其是高压高温高参数的300MW以上机组的锅炉,在安装投产之前或运行一定时间后,进行化学清洗是保证锅炉机组安全经济运行的有效措施之一。对新机组而言,投产之前的化学清洗是清洗锅炉设备和热力系统在制造、运输、存放和安装过程中所产生的氧化铁皮、焊渣和泥沙等污垢杂物,以使锅炉在投产后保持清洁的内表面和形成良好的保护膜。     

提高KDF2滤棒吸阻过程能力指数的工艺改进

KDF2纤维滤棒成型机组在我国卷烟加工企业占有相当大的比例,其滤棒的吸阻CPK值小将直接影响烟支的内在质量。我们通过分析调查,对开松压力参数、布带轮表面打滑两个要因进行工艺改进,成功提升滤棒的吸阻CPK值,使卷烟产品内在质量更加稳定。     

苄基-2-萘基醚的合成工艺

苄基-2-萘基醚是芳香族的混醚。其传统合成方法条件苛刻。反应时间较长、操作复杂，产品收率低。主要用于合成苄氧萘青霉素等医药工业，且广泛地作为合成香料，用于皂用香料、化妆品香精及调合香精等香料工业。现以四丁基溴化铵作为相转移催化剂，在碱性的水-甲苯体     

流花16-2区域油田群工艺管线防腐方案分析

流花16-2区域油田群井下产出物中含有H_2S和CO_2,为了在工程设计阶段确定合适的工艺管线防腐材料,工程筹备组以实验室模拟的腐蚀试验数据为基础,从技术和成本最优化的角度,对流花16-2区域油田群工艺管线防腐方案进行了分析论证。     

皮带机滚筒焊接工艺改进

通过多次尝试,改进滚筒筒皮的焊接工艺,大大降低筒皮焊接后低温静置及高负荷使用后产生裂纹的几率,提高滚筒使用寿命,降低滚筒制造及使用成本。     

纸浆模压工艺的改进

一次性发泡塑料餐饮具替代品中 , 纸模餐具几乎占有 80% 的份额 . 制造纸模餐具采用的模 压工艺 , 脱胎于湿法纤维板制造工艺 . 生产厂家将购回的纸浆经过打浆、配料等工艺 , 通过 成型机获得湿的初级坯样 . 将湿的初级坯样放到热压模中进行挤压、干燥定型 , 得到最终的 纸模制品 . 目前使用的热压模由上、下模组成 , 上、下模都是发热的 . 在这个挤压、干燥的 工艺过程中 , 挤压具有重要作用 :     

Reppe法BDO生产中乙炔净化工艺改进

文章讨论了Reppe法BDO生产中电石乙炔净化运行现状及遇到的问题,针对问题进行分析并提出了工艺改进措施。     

GE水煤浆气化工艺改进探索

GE水煤浆气化工艺在现代化的油气生产上被很大程度的使用,它的主要内容包括气化炉、高压闪蒸系统、气化炉、激冷水系统、煤浆传输系统、除氧器等,每个环节的分工不同,所以想要对GE水煤浆气化工艺进行改进,就必须首先明确各个装置的主要作用,才能够有针对性对的对它们实施改进措施,从能改进GE水煤浆的气化工艺。     

《服装成衣工艺课程》教学探讨

以高职服装设计与工艺专业为例来介绍服装成衣工艺课程,主要从课程现状、教学内容、教学方法、教学效果、反思与改进几个方面对这个课程进行教学探讨.     

通过Ullmann反应合成3-吖啶酮酸

以2-溴-1,4-二甲苯和苯胺为起始原料,通过氧化、Ullmann反应、环化生成3-吖啶酮酸。重点考察了不同溶剂、催化剂、反应时间对Ullmann反应收率的影响,确定最佳反应条件如下:以丁醇作溶剂,溴化亚铜为催化剂,于120℃加热5h得到邻苯氨基对苯二甲酸,产率为70.5%。目标化合物及中间产物的结构经核磁和质谱分析得以确证。     

-5-巯基-1H-四氮唑的制备

介绍了一种1-[2-(N,N-二甲基氨基)乙基]-5-巯基-1H-四氮唑(DMMT)的合成方法。2-(N,N-二甲基氨基)乙胺与二硫化碳反应,制得取代的2-(N,N-二甲基氨基)乙胺基二硫代羧酸;2-(N,N-二甲基氨基)乙胺基二硫代羧酸与氯甲酸乙酯反应,得到2-(N,N-二甲基氨基)乙胺基二硫代羧酸与乙氧基甲酸的二硫代酸酐;二硫代酸酐再经三乙胺碱解,制得2-(N,N-二甲基氨基)乙基异硫氰酸酯;2-(N,N-二甲基氨基)乙基异硫氰酸酯与叠氮化钠反应,制得目标产物1-[2-(N,N-二甲基氨基)乙基]-5-巯基-1H-四氮唑(DMMT)。产物以N,N-二甲基氨基乙胺计,收率为48.0%。采用该法,能够方便地制得1-[2-(N,N-二甲基氨基)乙基]-5-巯基-1H-四氮唑,产物收率高,反应条件温和,操作过程简便,三废少,环境污染小。     

产业技术选择与产业技术生态环境的耦合效应分析

技术选择问题是技术经济学研究的核心问题。技术选择在技术转移、技术扩散与技术变迁过程中起着重要作用。是发展中国家技术能力发展的首要阶段。本文从生态学角度,系统分析了产业技术选择与技术生态环境耦合效应,并以吉林省37个工业产业研究对象进行了实证研究。实证结果显示,吉林省工业产业中技术选择与技术生态环境之间不匹配现象普遍存在,超过80%产业耦合效应处于失调状态,并且产业规模是制约产业选择技术水平的约束因素。     

Some Implications of the Philosophy of Technology for Science, Technology and Society (STS) Studies

Technology is frequently considered in terms of its impact on entities outside its essential nature: as the impact of technology on the environment and society, but also the impact of human values and needs on technology. By taking particular social implications of technology into account, the Science–Technology relationship can be extended to the field of Science, Technology and Society (STS) studies. STS studies are grounded in socio-technological understanding, that is, systematic knowledge of the mutual relationship between technical objects, the natural environment and social practice. Because technology is a key element of STS, it is expected that the philosophy of technology will have implications for STS studies. The dynamic nature of technology as such leaves its own philosophy in a tentative or flexible state. However, the implications of the philosophy of technology, being in a development phase at the moment with changes in emphasis occuring, for STS studies ought to be determined continuously. The aim of the article is to identify and discuss possible implications of the the philosophy of technology for STS. In order to deduce these implications, the relevant theoretical framework underpinning the article will be discussed in broad outlines. Seeing that the philosophy of technology is such a wide field a delineation of the field needs to be done. Mitcham’s proposed preliminary framework is taken as point of departure for the article. Technology as knowledge (epistemology/theory of knowledge) and technology as activity (design methodology) will be discussed as two key aspects of the modern philosophy of technology which could provide implications for STS. A theory of knowledge usually includes methodology, but seeing that Mitcham classified methodology as one of the modes in which technology is manifested, it is dealt with separately. The epistemology and methodology of technology will each be discussed from a philosophical, historical and practice-based methodological perspective. Some implications of the philosophy for STS are identified and discussed.     

离子液体走向工业化应用的两个重要理论问题研究

综述了离子液体在有机合成走向工业化应用中两个重要理论问题的研究进展,包括离子液体载催化剂理论以及超临界CO2/离子液体体系理论及在有机合成中的应用研究。离子液体载催化剂主要避免催化剂的流失,并实现循环使用;超临界CO2/离子液体双绿色体系主要解决产品的分离与生产过程连续化操作问题。     

基于ProCAST数值模拟的高铬钢复合轧辊结合层夹渣成因分析

为解决高铬钢复合轧辊离心复合铸造生产中的结合层夹渣问题,以复合铸造过程数值模拟与夹渣物XRD分析相结合,分析了该夹渣成分及分布原因。首先,通过宏观检查并利用XRD实验定性分析了夹渣物的组成,初步确定了夹渣物为生产中高温反应生成的非金属夹渣,且集中分布于辊身冒口端。其次,采用数值模拟的方法分析了高铬钢轧辊复合铸造的生产过程,对比研究了离心铸造和重力铸造2个阶段辊身冒口端与底端的高温金属流动与温度场演变差异。模拟结果表明:芯部重力铸造时,芯部高温金属液对轧辊外层冲刷作用的差异是夹渣物主要分布于辊身冒口端的重要原因。通过复合铸造过程流场与温度场的模拟结果,对高铬钢复合轧辊结合层夹渣物的产生和分布原因进行分析,对于改善离心铸造轧辊缺陷的产生具有借鉴意义。     

The Impact of the Implementation of Technology Education on In-Service Teacher Education in South Africa (Impact of Technology Education in the RSA)

In this article the impact of technology education, as a new learning area (subject) in the curriculum, on in-service teacher education in South Africa is described in order to ascertain the extent of the impact. The research on which this article is based draws on a variety of experiences and observations in the field at grassroots level (in particular an outreach project in rural communities). The envisaged impact of technology education on South African schools, communities, teacher educators and teachers, the range of in-service teacher education that is required, and the impacts in urban and rural areas are discussed. Finally a number of concluding remarks are made about the extent of the impact of the inclusion of technology education in the new National Curriculum Statement and whether the situation has changed since the implementation of a pilot technology education project in 1998. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

油田管线内防腐技术检测评价新技术

介绍了以腐蚀管流动态模拟试验装置和防腐技术现场中试基地为基础的油田管线内防腐技术检测、评价新技术。应用该技术对油田常用的9种管线内防腐技术进行了为期一年的中试应用,为油田筛选出了适用于不同介质及工况条件的经济合理的管线内防腐技术,对指导油田安全生产、降本增效以及提高油田防腐蚀工作管理水平有重要的意义。