Corporate brand strategy formation: Brand actors and the situational context for a business-to-business brand

Prior literature on corporate branding in the business-to-business (B2B) context fails to provide insight into the dynamics of corporate brand strategy formation, despite the critical need for industrial organizations to move beyond a traditional understanding of brands. This article examines the corporate brand strategy formation of a European-based industrial organization by drawing on strategy-as-practice research and thereby identifying the brand actors who participate in corporate brand strategy formation, the construction of manifestations that subject the brand values to experience, and the situational context—all within a single, ongoing, recursive interaction process.     

Socio-economic characteristics and the effect of taxation as a health policy instrument

This paper analyses the quantitative effects of using economic instruments in health policy on the basis of price elasticities calculated from estimated demand systems. The nutritional effects of various taxation schemes are compared for households in different age groups and social classes. Focusing on the consumption of saturated fats, fibre and sugar; it is generally found that the impact of price instruments is stronger for lower social classes than in other groups of the population. With regard to age groups, it is mostly the youngest that decrease their demand for saturated fat in response to price changes, while it is mostly the middle-aged who exhibit price responsiveness in their demand for sugar. These groups are however not considered as key target groups for dietary regulation; thus tax instruments may be effective in improving diets on average, but the design of the instruments and the targeting of vulnerable groups with special needs should be done with care. It should be noted that a tax on a single nutrient or food may have undesired effects on the demand for other food components, though this may be avoided by introducing taxes/subsidies on several food products simultaneously.     

Social and organizational capital: Building the context for innovation

In the light of the key role intellectual capital has for firms' innovation capability, this paper analyzes the influence of two of their dimensions, organizational capital and social capital, on firms' product innovation, and the moderating role of radicalness. Unlike previous studies, the unit of analysis will not be the firm, but the R&D department. Thus, our research, conducted with a sample of Spanish industrial companies, provides a new insight with interesting results. First, our findings show that social capital favours firms' product innovation, especially under radical innovations. Second, organizational capital has an indirect effect on product innovation through positive influence on social capital. This implies that firms can stimulate communication and interaction among people, and therefore innovative activity, by means of explicit and codified knowledge (organizational capital).     

正确看待体系运行过程中的"不符合"

从质量体系建立、正式运行到逐步完善的过程中所产生的“不符合”的数量、性质开始，对“不符合”在体系中的地位和作用及其预防和纠正进行了详细的阐述，肯定了“不符合”的不可避免及其在体系持续改进中的作用     

从主体适应性看中小企业对外贸易

金融危机以来,我国中小企业的对外贸易环境变得恶劣,出口锐减,国际市场缩小。在此大环境下,中小企业该如何才能抓住机遇就显得尤为重要。本文从复杂适应系统视角出发,通过对中小企业的适应性行为描述分析,试图为中小企业对外贸易提供路径选择。     

A strategic-tactical model for the supply chain design in the delocalization context: Mathematical formulation and a case study

In this paper, we propose a mathematical model for the design of supply chains in the delocalization context. Our main objective is to develop a strategic-tactical supply chain design model that integrates all the relevant components that characterize the delocalization problem. We adopt the activity based approach to model the problem and we focus on the logistic decisions of activity location, technology choice, supplier selection, etc., and the financial decisions of transfer pricing, transportation costs allocation, etc. The mathematical formulation is illustrated by a case study from the automotive sector. A comparison between the model solution and the real decisions is used to prove the applicability and the utility of the proposed model.     

The entrepreneurial imagination and the impact of context on the development of a new venture

This paper sets out to explore the impact of a new venture's context on its development. The study consists of a single case study based on a new venture attempting to exploit an opportunity in the life sciences and charts the impact that the context, in particular actors that the venture are trying to gain resources from, have upon the plans, activities and resources developed by this nascent firm. Spanning the time period of 1999-2006, this case outlines four periods of development of the venture. This accounts for the initial plans of the venture, their struggle to gain venture financing, the development of the venture's technological resources and the attempts to create commercial relationships. The study shows the impact that institutions used in a context have on this venture leading to, among other things, the discovery of IP, finding a CEO and developing a product line.     

农药化工厂循环冷却水水质稳定试验

针对某农药化工厂循环冷却水水质特点和工艺条件 ,通过静态试验和旋转挂片试验确定了其水质稳定药剂配方 ,并进行了初步的技术经济分析。试验结果表明 ,采用 HEDP和 TS-6 0 9(浓度分别为 6 mg/ L 和 1 0 mg/ L)作水质稳定剂 ,系统阻垢率可达 90 % ,碳钢、紫铜和不锈钢 3种材质的年腐蚀率均可控制在有关标准要求之内。采用水质稳定技术后 ,该厂年节约水费达 1 90余万元。     

Justifying CRM projects in a business-to-business context: The potential of the Benefits Dependency Network

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) projects often fail. We focus on the project justification process as one way of improving project success rates. We review how the typical combination of an Return On Investment (ROI) calculation and a project plan can have flaws as a project justification approach, and we propose the use of the Benefits Dependency Network (BDN) as an additional tool. The second part of the paper reports on an exploratory study of the BDN's use in five business-to-business CRM projects, inductively deriving propositions regarding its benefits and factors for success in its use. Further research on the tool's efficacy is encouraged.     

做大做强航天通信业

我国经济的高速发展,在客观上需要通信业作为支撑,通信服务业这个巨大的市场展现在我们面前,成为非常有投资价值的朝阳产业。     

An investigation of innovation antecedents in small firms in the context of a small developing country

The present research was conducted in Cyprus, a small developing country. A large number (n=140) of manufacturing small and medium sized firms were surveyed, via a questionnaire administered during personal interviews with the firms' owners or managers. A research model based on the antecedent factor approach was used. The main variables affecting innovation according to the survey results include: strategy, expenditure on R&D, co‐operation with external technology providers, use of technological information sources and overall performance of the firm. Contrary to expectations and literature claims, some environmental variables, e.g. intensity of competition, were not correlated to innovation. Managers and public policy makers in similar contexts can increase the innovativeness of firms by paying attention to its main determinants, as identified by the above research.     

牡丹江城区段江道造床流量分析

通过对牡丹江城区段实测水文资料进行的分析计算,验证了对造床起主导作用的造床流量,是在多年径流过程中发生机率较多,历时较长的中等流量。     

Variations in ownership behavior and propensity to diversify: a study of the Indian corporate context

The relationship between ownership and diversification has been the focus of renewed debate between financial economists and strategic management scholars. While financial economists hold that manager‐controlled firms tend to reflect higher levels of diversification, strategy researchers argue that ownership and diversification are not systematically related. In throwing light on this debate, this study uses a fine‐grained definition of ownership groups to explore how the different objectives and monitoring predispositions of distinct ownership groups might influence diversification strategy. The empirical examination is set in India to offer a striking contrast from the predominantly U.S.‐based studies that have shaped the ongoing debate. Findings show that diverse ownership groups adopt different postures in monitoring and/or influencing organizational diversification. While some ownership groups are closely associated with focused strategies, and some encourage diversification, others are quite indifferent. These results suggest that the context‐specific variation among ownership groups is germane to our understanding of diversification strategy. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A design-led conceptual framework for developing school integrated STEM programs: the Australian context

International Journal of Technology and Design Education - Integrated Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education is recognised as the latest development stage on the pathway...     

Market Adaptation as a Process in the Product Life Cycle of Radical Innovations and High Technology Products

Sales for radically new products often depend on the development of an associated infrastructure. This is particularly true in the case of hightechnology innovations. This infrastructure reflects society's and/or industry's adaptation to the new product's potential or capability. Supportive infrastructure developments can hasten product growth in early stages of the product life cycle or retard growth in their absence. Shelby McIntyre shares his thoughts about the role of infrastructure in this perspective and presents useful guidelines for evaluating its impact. A radical innovation lives or dies, in part, by a company's vision and commitment to developing its long term potential. It is in this sense that a product or innovation can be "ahead of its time" (i.e., ahead of its infrastructure).     

Reading the wind: how middle managers assess the context for selling issues to top managers

Issue selling is an important mechanism for creating change initiatives in organizations. This paper presents two studies that examine what middle managers think about as they decide whether or not to sell strategic issues to top management. In Study 1 middle managers identify themes that indicate a favorable or unfavorable context for issue selling. Top management’s willingness to listen and a supportive culture were the most often named contributors to context favorability, while fear of negative consequences, downsizing conditions and uncertainty were thought to signal that a context was unfavorable for issue selling. Study 2 identifies factors that middle managers associate with image risk in the context of issue selling. Violating norms for issue selling, selling in a politically vulnerable way and having a distant relationship with top management were regarded as major contributors to a middle manager’s level of image risk. Both studies enrich our understanding of the social psychological mechanisms that undergird the strategic change process. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

建立共享服务中心，发挥企业集团规模优势

论述了共享服务中心的定义和特点、成立共享服务中心的意义、共享服务中心的组织模型和运作模式、建立共享服务中心的路径和策略、中国企业集团建立共享服务中心的重要性和可行性。随着中国企业集团的发展,建立共享服务中心是企业有效扩张和发挥规模优势的重要方法,中国企业也具备了相应条件来建立企业共享服务中心。     

向家坝水电站二期RCC围堰大坝下游段工程施工监理

在向家坝水电站二期RCC围堰大坝下游段工程施工过程中,监理工程师从混凝土原材料入手,对RCC围堰施工过程进行严格控制,并针对不良地质段制定了一整套切实有效的控制措施,使工程质量达到优良标准。