中缅天然气管道缅甸段开始向中国输气

由中国、缅甸、韩国、印度四国六方投资建设的中缅天然气管道（缅甸段）近日开始向中国输送天然气，这标志着经过3年建设的中缅油气管道跨国项目取得重要成果。     

经济政治化:中国投资在缅甸的困境与前景

伴随缅甸民主化进程与政治体制改革的快速推进,中国在缅投资的经济政治化倾向有其必然性。中国投资项目成为缅甸国内民主化进程博弈的棋子,成为缅甸政府平衡国际关系与利益的重要砝码,成为部分西方非政府组织阻扰中国在缅投资的手段。这种交织了缅甸民主化进程、民族和解及缅甸对外国际关系等问题的经济政治化倾向,在一定程度上反映了缅甸国内外多方利益博弈的结果,对当前的中缅经济合作带来了较大的影响。从长远看,在紧密的地缘政治和地缘经济关系影响下,中缅经济合作必将会迎来更广泛和深入的合作。     

中缅天然气管道缅甸段开始向中国输气

由中国、缅甸、韩国、印度四国六方投资建设的中缅天然气管道(缅甸段)近日开始向中国输送天然气,这标志着经过3年建设的中缅油气管道跨国项目取得重要成果。中缅油气管道项目负责人姜昌亮在仪式上说,管道工程所经区域地质条件和自然条件都异常复杂,给施工作业带来严峻考验。中缅油气管道2010年6月在缅甸正式开工以来,中、缅、印等国上万名参建者克服了重重困难,确保实     

新时期中缅经贸发展战略研究

缅甸自古以来都是中国重要的战略利益攸关区,但随着美国"重返亚洲"战略的实施和缅甸新政府民主改革进程的推进,中缅经贸发展受到了前所未有的冲击。本文从战略层面分析了中缅经贸发展的重大意义,并在详细介绍中缅经贸发展的现状及面临挑战的基础上,客观分析了我国对缅经贸发展存在的问题及原因,进而提出了创新中缅经贸关系、维护国家战略利益的对策建议。     

缅甸民选政府上台后日缅关系的发展

自以登盛总统为首的缅甸民选政府成立后,日本基于地缘政治和地缘经济以及制衡中国等方面的考量,重开对缅大规模援助和投资。日本将缅甸纳入"价值观外交"体系,以日本首相安倍晋三为首的政商学考察团频繁访问缅甸,开始全方位介入缅甸。除了提供大量援助以外,日本还借机介入缅甸民族和解进程,日本企业也大举重返缅甸,日缅关系迅速升温。     

中缅贸易问题研究

对中国与缅甸在贸易发展中存在的问题进行分析，提出现有的中缅贸易存在结构不合理的问题，结构失衡为以后的深化合作形成了障碍，同时，缅甸的经济发展水平以及政治动荡制约了中缅贸易的进一步深化。通过研究，可以为国内相关研究提供借鉴和参考。     

2010年以来缅甸的改革:成就、挑战与展望

从2010年起,缅甸在军人集团主导下开始了自上而下的改革,改革分为政治、经济、行政三个步骤,其中政治改革是战略基础,经济改革是重点。缅甸的改革取得明显成就,但也面临着一些挑战。随着改革的推进,缅甸与美国的关系迅速改善,中国在缅甸的影响减弱,由此引发了人们对缅美关系和缅中关系的各种猜测。     

缅甸吸引外资概览及对缅投资建议

缅甸吸引外资概览及对缅投资建议姜永仁（驻缅甸使馆经商处）表二外国投资在缅甸的行业分布状况表序号部门项目（个）投资金额（百万美元）占总投资额比例（％）１石油与天然气开发３４２１３１．０２３５２制造业８２１１１７．１０１８３房地产１４８７４．９５１４４饭...     

2014～2015财政年度缅甸外资发展的特征、趋势及中国应对策略

2014～2015财政年度,缅甸吸引外资取得了令人瞩目的成效,外资总额止跌回升;来源结构日趋多元化,新加坡再次成为主角,西方发达国家投资低迷徘徊;中国对缅投资复苏性增长,投资存量继续稳居首位;油气业、交通设施与通讯业和制造业成为外资流入重点领域.随着缅甸民主化改革深入与经济“后发优势”凸显,未来外资增长潜能将持续释放,来源格局日趋多元化,产业布局日渐合理,强化基础设施建设和培育制造业成长成为引资的首要任务.中资企业须积极顺应缅甸国内政经改革趋势和国际关系格局“大洗牌”,转变对缅投资传统思维与合作模式,战略性调整产业结构及区域布局,推动双边经贸合作和两国全面战略合作伙伴关系的良性、快速、全面发展.     

中缅油气管道项目开工

备受关注的中缅油气管道项目正式开工。6月3日,中国和缅甸两国总理温家宝和登盛在缅甸内比都会谈后出席了相关文件的签字仪式,并共同触摸标志开工的电子球。中缅油气管道建设计划早在2004年提出。按照规划,这条管道起点在缅甸西部港口城市实兑,终点在中国云南省会昆明,全长约2380公里。油管的年设计输送能力为2000万吨,大约相当于每天40万桶。     

Taking gender to market

Debating markets requires debating values. To answer questions of how free markets affect women, we must first ask about standards of measurement. We should also ask how we can have a “free” market when the participants can never be free from gender bias.     

On input market surplus and its relation to the downstream market game

Abstract In order to analyze the welfare effects of price changes in input markets – following for example a price‐fixing conspiracy – economists have studied the relationship between the surplus measured in the input markets and the surplus in the output markets. The latest results hinge on simplifying assumptions, which are relaxed here by linking the input markets surplus question to another stream of literature, which characterizes functions that oligopolists collectively, yet unintentionally, maximize. It is shown that the area under the input demands is equal to the change in a function for which critical points coincide with the equilibria of the downstream game. A particular case of these functions is the exact potential function.     

Going to market: A commentary

The commentary identifies 10 major generic turnaround strategies that firms commonly use. Then it addresses each of the strategies separately, as well as how these strategies are combined, under the specific Romanian and Russian circumstances, to formulate an appropriate recovery strategy. The commentary points out that in a severe cash crisis both Romanian and Russian managers should use, first and foremost, cash-generation strategies such as asset reduction and debt restructuring. These strategies must also be supported by very tight financial control procedures, which both Russian and Romanian managers are reluctant to follow.     

Stock market reaction to dividend announcements: Evidence from the Greek stock market

This study investigates the market reaction to cash dividend announcements for the period 2000–2004 employing data from the Athens Stock Exchange (ASE). In particular, the paper examines both the stock price and trading volume response to dividend distribution announcements. Dividend distributions in Greece demonstrate noticeable differences to those of the US, the UK and other developed markets. First, dividends in Greece are paid annually rather than quarterly or semi-annually. Second, the Greek corporate laws 2190/1920 and 148/1967 specifically designate the minimum amount for distribution from the taxed corporate profits. Third, neither tax on dividends nor on capital gains was imposed during the period under examination. Fourth, Greek listed firms are characterized by high ownership concentration where major owners are usually involved in management and therefore have less need for dividend announcements as an information source. Despite this neutralized information and tax environment, we document significant market reaction to dividend change announcements, lending support to the “information content of dividends hypothesis”.     

The market response to product safety litigation

This paper examines the stock market impact of 29 product liability lawsuits reported in the Wall Street Journal from 1970–1985, an additional series of Agent Orange events, and a set of regulatory events involving product risks. If these events and the costs associated with them were fully anticipated, then there would be no effect on the stock market price. Adverse stock market effects increase if the event involves a product liability action, bodily injury, or a court decision. Lengthy newspaper coverage and initial reports also have a strong effect. If there are multiple defendants, the market cost per firm is reduced. One widely publicized good news event—the final Agent Orange decision—led to a dramatic increase in stock prices.     

中国正在完成向市场的过渡

中国正在完成向市场的过渡。从1990年代初开始，中国经济和完整的市场体系之间的大多数难题都牵涉到大型的国有企业改革和银行体制改革。一旦大型国营企业的改革顺利进行，所导致的是政府干预的市场经济。在一个实质上已为市场导向的经济中，持续的国家干预是否会减慢经济增长速度，抑或是否能以改革头15年的火爆速度继续下去？     

Pricing to market of Italian exporting firms

This article investigates the pricing-to-market (PTM) behaviour of Italian exporting firms, using quarterly survey data by sector and by region over the period 1999q1 to 2005q2. A partial equilibrium imperfect competition model provides the structure according to which the orthogonality of structural shocks is derived. Impulse response analysis shows non-negligible reactions of export-domestic price margins to unanticipated changes in cost competitiveness and in foreign and domestic demand levels, even though these effects appear to be of a transitory nature. For the period 1999 to 2001, a typical PTM behaviour emerges, while, during the most recent years favourable foreign demand conditions allowed firms to increase their export-domestic price margins in face of a strong deterioration of their cost competitiveness. Macroeconomic implications of the observed PTM behaviour are also discussed.     

Bringing computer power to the consumer market

Firms in m a y industrial sectors are seeking to capitalize on the promise of new information technology to generate new consumer products which can gain substantial markets. Where these are improved versions of familiar products, the marketing task is relatively easy, but many of the new product opportunities involve radically new types of consumer good and/or service. Drawing on studies of efforts to establish such radical innovations, this paper examines the problems that are confornted in attempting to define what sort of product is actually being created and how it may fit into consume life-styles. Though there is considerable discussion of these topics in industrial circles, it appears that until late stages of product development, little serious analysis of social issues is undertaken— if at all. Furthemore, such discussio of the nature and use of products are more intended to mobilize the group of actors who are needed to support the innovation than to feed substantial information about possible user reqquirements into the design process. The design process is much more liable to invorporate ideas derived from analysis of technological trends and the use of products in professional applications, than information derived from social scienc or market research.