大同思想与西方空想社会主义之比较

大同思想是自中国古代开始的一种美好的社会理想,西方空想社会主义是16世纪伴随着资本主义社会的建立而产生的.它们在内容上有各自的特点,在反对私有制、提倡公有制、计划经济,贤人治国和民主原则,教育思想以及平均与平等思想等方面各有一些看法.     

Calculation in kind and marketless socialism: On Otto Neurath's utopian economics

Abstract

Otto Neurath is notorious amongst economists for his plans for a socialist economy with calculation in kind in place of a market. This paper considers the common criticism of “utopianism” from an immanent point of view. To do so, it will first be established in what Neurath recognized a negative sense of utopianism that was opposed to his own self-confessed “scientific utopianism”. Then it will be considered in what respect, if any, Neurath's stance in the socialist calculation debate can be shown to be objectionably utopian in this sense by the counter-arguments put forward by Ludwig von Mises.     

大同思想与西方空想社会主义之比较

大同思想是自中国古代开始的一种美好的社会理想，西方空想社会主义是16世纪伴随着资本主义社会的建立而产生的。它们在内容上有各自的特点，在反对私有制、提倡公有制、计划经济，贤人治国和民主原则，教育思想以及平均与平等思想等方面各有一些看法。     

Human societies in interplanetary space: toward a fructification of the utopian tradition

Utopias have been recognized as being of two kinds: classical, in which a perfect world is presented to which the real world can be compared; and modern, in which an evolving world is presented as an alternative to the real world. The prospect of the development of a myriad of human societies in interplanetary space is shown to lead to a third kind of utopia, a postmodern utopia, a condition of society in which the high frequency with which new states are formed leads to a science of beginnings and a heterogenization that is utopian in the positive sense of the term.     

国外政府居家养老医疗服务政策与经验借鉴

医疗服务是政府发展居家养老服务的重要内容。国外政府发展居家养老服务起步较旱,尤其在居家养老医疗服务方面具有先进的管理经验。目前,我国的居家养老医疗服务发展水平比较低,政府在医疗制度、财政投入、法律政策等方面还存在许多不足。     

The impact of home production on economic inequality in Germany

Using representative income and time-use data from the German Socio-Economic Panel, we estimate non-monetary income advantages arising from home production and analyze their impact on economic inequality. As an alternative to existing measures, we propose a predicted wage approach that relaxes some of the strong assumptions underlying both the standard opportunity cost approach and the housekeeper wage approach. We also propose a method of adjusting the number of hours spent on home production to reduce the bias arising from multi-tasking and joint production in time-use data. Sensitivity analyses comparing results among different approaches provide indications of method effects. Although this study supports the evidence that considering home production leads to a reduction in inequality, we show that the size of this effect differs according to the variations in the mean and distribution of the estimated monetary value of home production across the three approaches. This finding underscores the need for a harmonized approach in cross-national comparative research.     

The impact of state regulations on nursing home care practices

This article assesses the effect of the minimum quality standards of deficiencies and nurse staffing requirements on the nursing home care practices of physical restraint, indwelling urinary catheter, and feeding tube use. National longitudinal data on nursing homes reveal that the effect of specific deficiency citations on care practice use depends on the clinical complementarity or substitutability of the deficiency and the specific care practice, while a high number of deficiencies can lead to a greater use of each care practice. Higher direct care staffing requirements increased the use of physical restraints and decreased the use of feeding tubes. Increases in licensed nursing staff requirements had no effect on the care practices studied. Regulators should be aware that using minimum quality standards when quality is multidimensional creates incentives for offsetting quality improvement practices.     

The demand for preventive medical care

The idea that people invest in health capital is an essential part of models of the demand for health, but the investment motives behind health decision are often obscured by other factors. This empirical paper investigates the demand for adult preventive medical care, where the investment motives are relatively clear cut. Several important results demonstrate the usefulness of the approach. First, the analysis finds that annual use of two preventive services decreases with age. Although not the only plausible explanation, the results are consistent with individuals shortens over the lifecycle. Second, schooling is found to be an important determinant of demand, with the more educated much more likely to use the services. Neither lifecycle nor schooling effects are consistently found in studies of the demand for culture care. Finally, the empirical analysis also provides additional evidence on the responsiveness of the demand for preventive care to change in insurance coverage, an important issue for health policy.     

Service outsourcing: The home,the host and the provider

Although offshoring service providers have grown meteorically in the last two decades, the phenomenon is still primarily analyzed through the lens of a home country and its firms. This paper presents a framework for explaining some of the stylized facts of the offshore service provider industry. The model characterizes the service choice of offshore service providers under alternative skill distribution and also explains why complex service providers employ more skilled workers, pay higher wages, and have a lower scale of provision. Finally, it sheds light on the relationship between partnering country sizes and wage inequality.     

The effects of portfolio size on international equity home bias puzzle

This paper investigates a new explanation for the international equity home bias puzzle based on an endogenous asymmetric information model. Using a cross-sectional mutual fund data set, it is found that the degrees of home bias across fund managers are negatively correlated to the asset sizes under their management. This result is consistent with the theoretical prediction in the endogenous asymmetric information model—the portfolio managers with the larger assets tend to acquire more information regarding foreign equity and, hence, hold more foreign equity holdings.     

农民工城镇医疗保险与新型农村合作医疗的衔接

现阶段我国正加强社会保障的制度建设.在城镇,今后社会保障的一个重要内容是将农民工纳入社会保险,首先保障其大病(住院)医疗和工伤;在农村,正试点新型农村合作医疗,主要通过大病统筹的方式解决农民的医疗风险.农民工是一特殊群体,他们多数流动于城市和农村之间.他们是只参加城镇的社会医疗保险体系或新型农村合作医疗?抑或可以两者同时参加?本文作者根据大量的调查和我国社会保障制度的设计,提出了自己的观点:鉴于两者的保障程度有限,近期不宜作出硬性规定,两者的结合可以提高农民工医疗保障的程度.     

Do consumers’ home buying attitudes explain the behaviour of US home sales?

This article asks whether consumers’ home buying attitudes explain the behaviour of home sales by focusing on two tranquil and two uncertain periods within 1978–2015. We utilize monthly data to formulate and estimate four augmented autoregressive models with the results indicating that improvements (deteriorations) in consumers’ home buying attitudes lead to higher (lower) home sales. This conclusion remains unchanged when controlling for economic and financial indicators often cited as determinants of home sales. Overall, our article has key implications for future studies aiming to forecast home sales using attitudinal measures.     

No home, no help

What can be done about abuse children and the homeless mentally ill? Some experts propose putting them back in orphanages or mental hospitals. But institutionalization is an approach the nation had renounced about two decades ago.