公共事业规制中的非线性定价及福利改进--以全球通和神州行为例

本文运用20世纪70年代后期发展起来的非线性定价理论对中国移动通信公司的全球通和神州行定价方式的福利状况进行了研究。从中发现，在全球通和神州行现行的定价方式下存在一个任何消费者都不会在其间消费的产量陷阱，因此存在社会总福利的损失，而通过一个简单的非线性定价策略，可以降低这一产量陷阱并提高社会总体福利水平，并且求出了这一策略的最优形式。本项研究还表明，要成功地实行非线性定价，仅仅依靠传统的需求曲线是不够的，必须获得更多的有关消费者类型的信息。     

The Impact of Regulation on Cost Efficiency: An Empirical Analysis of Wisconsin Water Utilities

The impact of regulation of efforts to minimize costs has been widely discussed, but remains difficult to measure. The sophisticated regulation of water utilities in Wisconsin allows us to attempt such on assessment since different firms can be under different regulatory regimes (price cap or rate-of-return) in the same geographical area at the same time. To measure the impact of regulation on efficiency, we use a stochastic cost frontier approach defining the unobservable efficiency of a water utility as a function of exogeneous variables. Using a panel of 211 water utilities observed from 1998 to 2000, we show that their efficiency scores can be partly explained by the regulatory framework.     

Financial Liberalisation and Economic Development: An Assessment

Abstract.  The financial sector has always played a central role in economic development, but analysis of its precise role has been hampered by the emphasis on 'real' factors in the main stream of economic thought and the static nature of financial theory. Empirical studies confirm the importance of finance to economic development, but are indecisive on the efficaciousness of the widely advocated policies associated with financial liberalisation. To be successful, strategies for financial liberalisation must deal with problems generated by asymmetric information and have policies to promote competition, the disclosure of information and the maintenance of governmental integrity.     

Regulation of Labour Markets in the European Union

EU regulation of labour markets under the Social Charter and Protocol to improve 'employment rights' may appear loudable but can prove costly for firms. Mandates will probably make the unskilled more difficult to employ.     

Regulation and cost efficiency in the European railways industry

The objective of this article is to analyze European railways’ incentives to improve efficiency in the recent liberalization context. We build and estimate a structural model accounting for regulatory pressures faced by the firms. Our model includes demand equations, capacity constraints and a cost function, in which are specified an exogenous technical efficiency component and an endogenous cost reducing effort parameter. We find a significant positive effect of implementing the reforms on cost reducing activities, and a smaller cost of effort for firms choosing a more advanced separation of infrastructure from operation activities.     

The Right to Rent: Active Resistance to Evolving Geographies of State Regulation

Drawing on recent qualitative research on the UK's Immigration Act 2016, this article sets out to explain the opposition of social housing professionals to the imposition of the Right to Rent. By locating this policy intervention within the evolving geographies of state regulation, it is possible to account for the mechanisms through which housing professionals can resist the extension of duties that were previously the remit of border agents and immigration officials. Synthesizing Bourdieu's critical sociology with Boltanski and Thevenot's sociology of critique helps explain not only the governmental underpinnings of contemporary immigration rhetoric, but also the forms of resistance for which housing professionals display a strong justification in exercising. The universal nature of ‘classification struggles’ within and beyond state institutions extends the relevance of this research to encompass most, if not all, welfarist regimes operating within actually existing neoliberal orders. The analysis of the findings of this research has wider implications that reach beyond housing and urban studies while immigration persists as one of the most significant contemporary political issues, almost without geographical exception, right across the globe.     

质量模式和方法论的演化及进展——纪念泰勒发表《科学管理原理》100周年

质量方法论经历了泰勒制、福特制、统计质量控制、日本式全面质量管理、美国式全面质量管理、国际通行质量标准和卓越绩效模式等演化过程。近年来,全面质量取代全面质量管理已在美国得到响应;愉悦质量的概念得到世界认同;以人为先的质量回归思想在世界兴起;六西格玛和其他工具的融合如火如荼;澳大利亚学者甚至提出了第三代质量管理的概念。     

公共事业民营化：“西学东渐”的思考

民营化,作为一种新的治理工具,在短短30年内迅速成为公共事业改革的主流思潮,并在西方资本主义国家取得了显著成效,形成了许多民营化的典范,且日渐深刻地影响到我国公共事业改革的进程。但完全仿效西方的拉美民营化实践,由于制度和文化背景的差异,加之缺乏普适性的“休克疗法”超出其经济、社会的承受能力,民营化的负面作用远远大于正面意义。因此,我们在学习和借鉴西方民营化经验的同时,更要吸取拉美等国的教训,重新审视中国公共事业改革的民营化取向。     

我国市政公用事业特许经营障碍及其对策分析

特许经营制度是解决市政公用事业供求不足、资源浪费、价格攀升等诸多矛盾的重要途径之一。目前,我国市政公用事业的特许经营还处在初创阶段,在其实践中存在着许多障碍。本文分析了我国公用事业特许经营中存在的政府监管不到位、定价机制不完善、法律法规缺失等问题,并提出了相应的对策建议。     

基于物联网的体育用品供应链管理系统的研究与设计

针对当前体育用品供应链管理存在运作效率、信息化水平、管理水平等方面的诸多问题,提出将物联网技术应用到体育用品供应链管理,并进行了系统模型构建和设计.     

农村公共品非政府提供问题浅析

农村公共品提供过程中,政府单一供给越来越力不从心。需要非政府部门的提供来进行必要补充。重点论述了农村公共品非政府提供的可行性与必要性、农村公共品非政府提供的具体范畴及其提供方式,最后对农村公共品非政府提供过程中政府应注意的几个问题加以阐述。     

谈我国基础设施投资市场化

通过对基础设施概念、现阶段我国基础设施投资趋势和特点的分析，阐明基础设施投资市场化的意义，探讨基础设施投资市场化的范围、进程以及基础设施投资改革和发展的途径。     

市政公用事业监管研究概述

针对目前我国市政公用事业改革中存在的问题,为了探究市政公用事业监管的内涵与历史发展,证明其在市政公用事业改革过程中的适用性,文章对当前国内外学者关于市政公用事业监管特点、历史发展、存在问题及对策等的研究进行了分析与概述。     

城市公用事业PPP监管体系研究

在分析中国城市公用事业PPP现行监管制度缺陷的基础上,提出应建立"监管法规政策完善、监管机构执行有力、监管绩效评价科学"的现代监管体系。其基本实现途径是,完善城市公用事业PPP监管法规政策体系,依据法规政策监管,实现监管有据;重构城市公用事业PPP监管机构体系,合理配置监管责权,实现运行高效;构建城市公用事业PPP监管评价体系,根据监管绩效进行奖励或问责,实现激励有效。     

市政公用事业监管研究概述

针对目前我国市政公用事业改革中存在的问题,为了探究市政公用事业监管的内涵与历史发展,证明其在市政公用事业改革过程中的适用性,文章对当前国内外学者关于市政公用事业监管特点、历史发展、存在问题及对策等的研究进行了分析与概述。     

特许经营制在我国目前公用事业市场化中面临的问题

目前,特许经营制在我国城市公用事业市场化过程中面临着政府监管不力、承诺失信、定价机制不全,合同设计不完善、法律法规缺乏等几个主要问题.加强监管、完善合同设计和定价机制,建立合理的制度体系以推动我国公用事业市场化顺利进行,乃当务之急.     

转变发展模式建设公共服务型公用事业

公用事业是地区经济发展、社会进步,百姓安居乐业的基础,对公用事业的治理历来是政府的重要职能.公用事业发展到今天.历经了政府垄断型公用事业、市场发展型公用事业以及公共服务型公用事业模式转换.本文在简要回顾公用事业发展历程.分析三种不同发展模式的基础上,提出批判地继承市场发展型公用事业模式,倡导以公共利益为导向,公共服务为指导理念的"公共服务型公用事业"的新模式,并对公共服务型公用事业下政府治理方式的转变提出了具体意见和建议.