Option‐Expiration Effects in Small Markets: The Spanish Stock Exchange

This study analyzes the effect of the expiration of the Ibex‐35 Index derivatives, as well as the first four stock options traded in the Spanish Equity Derivatives Exchange, on the return, conditional volatility, and trading volume of the underlying assets. The analysis covers the period from the introduction of the various derivatives to December 1995. This period has been divided into two subperiods in order to determine if there are changes in the conclusions. The expiration of the Ibex‐35 index derivatives is associated with an increase in the trading volume of the underlying asset, but it has no significant effect on either the underlying asset prices or on the level of volatility on the expiration day. However, the expiration of the stock options has significant impact on their underlying assets. We observed a downward pressure on prices and a reduction of volatility level in the week before the expiration date and a significant increase in trading volume on the expiration day. The absence of futures contracts on individual stocks, among other possible causes, may explain these differences. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 21:905–928, 2001     

Two‐Factor Decomposition Analysis for Correlation between Mainland China and Hong Kong Stock Markets

We analyzed the correlation between mainland China and Hong Kong stock markets based on cash flow (CF) news and discount rate (DR) news instead of considering market return as a whole. We decomposed stock return into CF news and DR news following Campbell and Vuolteenaho. Then, the VAR‐ BEKK‐GARCH method was used to investigate the time‐varying correlations of CF news and DR news in the two markets. We ensured robustness by using the structural break test from Bai and Perron to estimate the structural break points during the sample period. The results show that CF news and DR news in the mainland China market is more volatile than in the Hong Kong market, and DR news correlation is usually negative when the mainland China market is undergoing some reform. The estimated structural break points were matched to important events in the mainland China market and the two markets become increasingly correlated.     

Herd Behavior in Latin American Stock Markets

ABSTRACT

This article investigates the presence of herd behavior in Latin American stock markets using the methodologies proposed by Christie and Huang (1995 Christie , W. G. , &; Huang , R. D. ( 1995 ). Following the pied piper: Do individual returns herd around the market? Financial Analysts Journal , 51 ( 4 ), 31 – 37 .[Taylor &; Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]) and Chang, Cheng, and Khorana (2000 Chang , E. C. , Cheng , J. W. , &; Khorana , A. ( 2000 ). An examination of herd behavior in equity markets: An international perspective . Journal of Banking and Finance , 24 ( 10 ), 1651 – 1679 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). Daily closing prices and trading volumes from January 3, 2000 to September 15, 2010 from the stock markets of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, and the United States were analyzed. The US market was studied in order to provide a reference for comparison. The shares for which data was collected in each country were those listed in the most representative stock index for each market. It was not possible to establish evidence of herd behavior in any of the five countries studied using the Christie and Huang (1995 Christie , W. G. , &; Huang , R. D. ( 1995 ). Following the pied piper: Do individual returns herd around the market? Financial Analysts Journal , 51 ( 4 ), 31 – 37 .[Taylor &; Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]) method. However, evaluating the data for the entire period using the method proposed by Chang, Cheng, and Khorana (2000 Chang , E. C. , Cheng , J. W. , &; Khorana , A. ( 2000 ). An examination of herd behavior in equity markets: An international perspective . Journal of Banking and Finance , 24 ( 10 ), 1651 – 1679 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) we detected herd behavior in the Chilean market. These results were not affected by the addition of additional exogenous variables representing the September 11 attacks of 2001 and the subprime crisis, or when the effect of the behavior of US shares on other countries was analyzed. Asymmetric herd behavior was detected in the Chilean, United States, Argentinean, and Mexican markets.     

论房地产和证券市场的财政风险

房地产和证券等主要资产的价格波动与财政平衡之间存在密切关系.资产价格波动主要是通过收入、产出和财政援助三个渠道对财政账户产生影响的,并且这种影响在资产价格高涨和低迷时期是非线性和非对称的.本文以瑞典和英国为例,由于资产价格波动对财政账户的影响进行了实证分析,并结合中国实际给出了政策含义.     

Super‐Connectors: A New Model of Internationalization from the MENA Region

The main purpose of this case‐based research is to investigate and analyze three fast‐growing airlines (Emirates/Dubai, Qatar Airways/Qatar, and Etihad Airways/Abu Dhabi) and their internationalization from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. The three carriers that are commonly known as “super‐connectors” in the airline industry continue to excel in their business models and internationalization. Based on secondary data, surveys, and company‐specific information, the article uses a longitudinal case‐based research approach to discuss the three airlines. Findings of the work reveal that the three super‐connectors have aggressively expanded in the MENA region and beyond by seeking multiple alliances, joint ventures, long‐term collaborative agreements (code sharing), and foreign direct investment (FDI). These activities represent innovative business models and operational efficiencies in the global airline industry. We believe that non‐MENA airlines may not have the same dynamism, strategic clout, corporate‐related efficiencies, and financial prowess that we witness among the three super‐connectors. In international business (IB) and multinational corporation (MNC)‐related areas, researchers, industry analysts, and policymakers need to pay attention to the MENA region's super‐connectors and their emerging internationalization models. The article also provides useful trends and implications that can be benchmarked by practitioners, researchers, and airlines regarding the issues of internationalization, growth, and new business models. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

On Risk and Return in Asia-Pacific Stock Markets

ABSTRACT

This study evaluates the recent performance of stocks of major industry groups in the Asia-Pacific region. The objective of the study is to guide international investors who are exploring the possibility of investing in this region but are unsure of which specific industries to invest in. Risk-adjusted stock returns (expressed in U.S. dollars) are calculated for each industry group and sub-group in the region. Based on stock performance, recommendations are made for inclusion of specific industries in an Asia-Pacific investment portfolio.     

中国上市公司首次股票股利信号传递有效性的实证研究

20世纪90年代中后期股票股利曾是我国证券市场较为盛行的分配方式,并因能够带来积极的股价超额收益而被视为是一种典型的信号传递过程。然而本文通过对A股一般行业上市公司首次股票股利分配后的公司业绩进行长期跟踪考察,发现首次分配股票股利的公司无论盈利性或增长能力都明显持续下降,并不能充分支持信号传递假说。统计检验和模型分析均表明,在信息不对称条件下,公司盲目追求股权融资和市场过热的投资预期,在一定程度上削弱了我国股票股利政策传递积极信号的功能,这是这种分配方式不断降温的内在原因。     

The Role of Financial Ratios in the Variance of Stock Trading Volume in Emerging Stock Markets

The study used quarterly panel data of 6 years from 2010 to 2015 of all companies listed on both Vietnamese stock markets including the Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange and Ha Noi Stock Exchange, and on three leading industries consisting of insurance-banking, foodstuff, and real estate to explore the relationship among four key financial ratios and stock trading volume. Two models, fixed effects model (FEM) and random effects model (REM), with robust standard errors, were applied for this study. The key findings showed that earnings before tax on sales, debt on owner’s equity, and owner’s equity on total assets significantly influenced trading volume.     

上市并购目标公司的特征研究

运用ANOVA和Logit回归方法探求我国并购目标公司区别于非目标公司的财务特征,并对几种具有代表性的并购动机做出检验。结果表明,替换无效率的管理层理论和交易成本理论对并购上市公司的动机具有较强解释力,与此同时还有部分并购出于投机动机。     

沪深股市之间的联动性研究

联动效应是资本市场普遍存在的一种现象,本文运用2000年到近几年上证综合指数与深证成分指数开盘价和收盘价的相关数据,对上证综合指数与深证成分指数之间所存在的联动关系做实证研究。结果表明,上证综合指数与深证成分指数之间是存在长期联动效应的,并且基于危机背景下,沪深股市会表现出更强的短期联动性,当面对外部信息的冲击时,沪深股市会做出类似的反应,即"同涨同跌",但深圳证券交易市场比上海证券交易市场对同一信息作出的反应幅度更大。     

The Price of Risk on the African Frontier Stock Markets

The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), and the Fama-French and Carhart models have been widely applied in the developed and most emerging markets; however, there is scant evidence of the viability of the models on the African Frontier Stock Markets (AFSMs). This study examines the viability of the models for a sample that pools securities across nine AFSMs, and whether or not the risk factors of these models command risk premium on the AFSMs. The paper provides evidence of the existence of the size, value and momentum effects on the AFSMs. In addition, the models only partly capture the returns to size and book-to-market sorted portfolios on the AFSMs. Also, the risk factors of these models generally, command marginally significant premium on the AFSMs. Caution should in general be exercised when applying these models on the AFSMs.     

在不同市场态势下证券系统性风险实证研究

本文以实证的方法考察了不同市场态势下证券系统性风险度量指标β值的表现,揭示了绩优股和绩差股以及业绩普通股票在不同市场态势下β值的差别,并做了相应分析;又通过实证得出了在不同的市场态势下证券组合β值的稳定性要比单个证券β值的稳定性强,且证券组合中证券种类越多,稳定性越好;最后分别在牛市、熊市和不区分市场态势三种情况下检验了系统性风险与收益之间的线性关系,即CAPM在我国证券市场上的有效性,指出了区分市场态势的重要性。     

证券市场投资者的心理和决策特征评述

本文探讨了证券市场投资者的心理和决策特征问题,归纳了10条投资者的心理特征,重点对投资者的理性决策理论、有限理性决策理论和期望理论及其应用进行了评述。     

我国股票市场的绿色有效性——基于2003-2012年环境事件市场反应的实证分析

为系统研究我国股市对上市公司环境事件反应的特点与程度,分析我国股票市场绿色的有效性,本文以我国2003-2012年3月期间上市公司149起环境事件为样本,运用事件研究法,对环境事件的市场反应进行了实证研究.统计结果显示我国上市公司仍然存在较为严重的信息披露不足问题,且因环境事故引发的赔偿和罚款相对于其导致的经济损失来说数额较小.对累积异常收益率变化的分析表明,总体上我国上市公司环境事故和未通过环保核查等负面信息的披露还没有成为股票价格下行的显著信号,但对化工行业企业与国有企业的冲击较为强烈且更多地体现为长期影响,工业“三废”污染影响程度略高于其他类型事件;2008年后环境事件对股价的负面效应明显增强.横截面数据的回归分析表明,规模大、事态恶劣的环境事故对股价的冲击远大于小事故,但投资者对事故类型与肇事公司规模等因素并不敏感.本文最后基于实证分析结果对提高股票市场的绿色有效性提出了相应的政策建议.     

投资者情绪对股票市场影响的文献综述

在投资者情绪的度量以及其对股票市场影响的研究中,我国学者与国外学者都是采用直接、间接和综合指标,但二者对情绪的代理变量不同。国外学者关于投资者情绪对股票市场影响的研究认为投资者情绪变动与股票品种、股票市场收益和波动性有显著的相关关系,同时还能预测未来的股票市场价格;我国学者认为投资者情绪能较好的预测股票市场回报率和收益率,并对当前的市场收益率、上市公司财务结果有显著影响。我国应结合本国实际,进一步加强相关研究,以期投资者可享受正确预测带来的收益。     

深圳股市日历效应的实证研究

传统金融理论是基于有效市场理论和理性人假说提出的,而日历效应等市场异象构成了对传统金融理论极大的挑战。基于引入多种虚拟变量组合的EGARCH-M模型,本文利用1996年12月27日至2016年12月31日期间的深证综指日收盘价数据,考察深证综指对数收益率的日历效应(包括周内效应、月份效应、季节效应和节日效应)。研究结果表明:深市非有效,存在正周二效应和负周四效应;各月份超额收益率均不显著,一月份具有极高的波动性;深市一般有"春涨秋藏"的月份规律;深市在控制了周内效应后具有显著为正的节日效应:各节日具有显著节后效应,只有春节和清明节具有显著节前效应。     

Fast‐Expanding Markets: The Revolution of the Microeconomy

Where will we find growth opportunities ? the kind that will take our businesses to the next level? The usual and popular choice of terms we use when looking at current markets and potential ones often include developed markets and emerging economies. These terms have inspired a new golden age of racing to the new treasure hidden in the capacities of these markets. Based on the seminal concept of “fast‐expanding markets,” this article discovers growth as residing at a new level, capable of redefining geographies and territories, often untapped or unnoticed by the most conventional macroeconomic analysis. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

中美股票市场持续期依赖特点比较研究

采用持续期依赖马尔可夫转换模型,通过Gibbs抽样估计方法,对我国和美国股票市场的持续期依赖特点进行研究。研究表明我国股票市场在牛市和熊市中均具有较明显的持续期依赖特征,其中牛市的持续期依赖特点强于熊市。美国股市在熊市中有明显的持续期依赖特点,在牛市中几乎不存在这种特点。造成这种差异的原因,主要是由于我国股市投机程度较高。     

It Is Time to Reexamine the Role of Stock Markets in Developing Economies

Although the many perceived benefits of a stock market may have led to their rapid formation and development aspirations across economies, emerging findings that stock markets may not be as useful as previously thought, even a detraction in the case of some developing economies, raises the question of how practical stock markets may be in different situations. In light of the foregoing and using Fiji as an example, this study argues that it is indeed time to reexamine the role of stock markets in developing economies with a view to restructuring the financial system for improved efficiency and effectiveness.