Ireland's Foreign Direct Investment Competitive Advantage and Japanese Outward Foreign Direct Investment

This article addresses Ireland's record in attracting foreign direct investment (FDI). FDI has been identified as one of the key factors that has spurred the growth of the Celtic Tiger. An adaptation of Porter's Diamond is offered to explain the determinants of Ireland's competitive advantage in attracting FDI. The overall trends in FDI inflows to Ireland are considered. The study then focuses on Japanese FDI into Europe and Ireland in particular. The pattern of Japanese FDI flows into Ireland is analysed in the context of Ireland's determinants of FDI competitive advantage. Future considerations around Ireland's model of competitive advantage are addressed.     

Limiting Factors of Foreign Direct Investment Undertaken By Polish Enterprises

Limiting factors of foreign direct investment are of great significance for managers, governments, and scholars as they directly influence the profitability of a foreign subsidiary and a parent multinational company. The aim of the paper is to identify FDI limiting factors of host country location choices among Polish enterprises and differences in the perception of the factors depending on the establishment mode choice, i.e. whether it is through greenfield investments or acquisitions. The paper presents results of a field surveyed carried out in 2012–2013 among Polish companies. The research results revealed that regardless of the establishment mode choice, investors from Poland perceived market-related limiting factors as significant. The empirical findings also proved that there were no significant differences in the perception of the importance of FDI limiting factors, between investors who undertook acquisitions and those who decided to make greenfield investments. However, single cases of differences were identified at the level of the policy framework-related factors.     

国际直接投资的新思维——实物期权思想的融入

全球化经济时代的到来 ,为经济理论提出了新课题 ,FDI作为跨国经营的主要形式成为研究重点。实物期权理论在评估高风险、高灵活性的投资项目时有不可替代的作用 ,而FDI恰恰属于此类投资项目。将实物期权思想融入FDI理论 ,不仅解释了FDI近来快速增长的现象 ,也为FDI理论开辟了新的研究领域     

我国民营企业集群式对外直接投资探析

在经济全球化形势下,我国民营企业“走出去”进行对外直接投资是必然选择。我国民营企业在对外直接投资方面受到多方面因素制约,还存在不少劣势,如技术落后、融资困难、人才匮乏等,而集群式对外直接投资则是克服这些劣势的理想选择。在分析我国民营企业集群式对外直接投资的优势和现状的基础上,提出选择特色产业集群,培育群内龙头企业,完善政策环境,促进民营企业集群式对外直接投资。     

2009年中国企业对外直接投资分省(市)排行榜及其评析

近年来,中国企业对外直接投资在规模和增长速度方面都取得了长足的进步。本文首先对2009年中国对外直接投资分省市排行榜及其总体态势进行了分析,与此同时,论文还就2007-2009年间对外直接投资的变动情况及金融危机带来的影响进行了深入剖析。     

外国直接投资与我国对外贸易失衡

我国与美国、欧盟的贸易顺差增大,外汇储备激增,原因错综复杂,其中,在我国改革开放和特殊的工业化进程中,经济全球化和国际分工加速发展,世界产业结构大调整,外国直接投资持续增加才是根本原因。由于外国直接投资对我国贸易顺差存在着两种效应:直接效应和间接影响,即外国直接投资对我国产生明显的贸易创造效应,同时又具有一定的贸易替代效应,间接增加了贸易顺差,从而加剧了我国的贸易失衡。本文运用协整检验,建立误差修正模型,验证了外国直接投资与我国贸易顺差存在长期均衡关系,即正相关关系。只有从生产领域和外商投资的角度入手才能从根本上缓解贸易顺差的扩大。     

韩国企业海外直接投资贸易战略研究

韩国企业在全球产业化飞速发展环境中,与本国乃至海外的跨国企业展开竞争。为谋求生存,维持可持续经营发展,韩国企业通过扩大海外市场,积极对外直接投资贸易。基于对外直接投资理论分析韩国企业海外直接投资现状,从企业投资规模、地域、目标以及形式分析其特点,韩国企业对外投资策略为:推进韩国企业对外投资本土化战略;投资对象国差别化品牌战略;韩国公司间合作战略;根据国际市场变化,积极调整产业结构。     

环境规制与外商直接投资研究

利用面板数据模型对环境规制与外商直接投资之间的关系进行实证分析。检验结果发现,环境规制对外商直接投资呈现负效应,但这种效应并不显著,人均GDP、市场化指数、基础设施状况、开放程度才是决定外商直接投资的决定因素。     

对外投资与规避反倾销

对外投资和规避反倾销是我国当前经济发展中两大热点问题，其实它们之间也存在着一些必然的联系：对外投资是规避反倾销的一个有效途径。但是我国目前的对外投资还存在着许多问题，非但没有减少反倾销对我国出口贸易的负面影响，反而一定程度上加重了国外对我国反倾销的指控。     

Foreign Investment in Establishing Business-starting Investment Enterprises

The enterprise can be either in the non-legal-person organization form or in the corporate organization form. As to non-legal-person organization, investors shall bear joint liabilities for its debts.     

Foreign Direct Investment in Hungary

Abstract

When in 1989 the markets in Central and Eastern Europe opened, western firms were quick to move in. Hungary treated foreign firms equal to domestic ones in the privatization process. It attracted most foreign direct investment in the region. Now, other countries are likely to follow the Hungarian path and allow foreign firms to take over domestic firms. This contribution discusses the experience of six Dutch multinational firms in Hungary and discusses whether these can be useful for expansion into other countries in the region. The results indicate that firms easily underestimate the cost of reconstructing acquired enterprises and that building a market position is more expensive than anticipated.     

Foreign Direct Investment in China

Summary

China has attracted the second largest amount of foreign direct investment in the world each year since 1993. Hundreds of thousands of foreign-invested enterprises are in operation in China. However, what drive the success or cause the failure of foreign investments is still not well understood. This paper critically examines one success factor, i.e., the importance of timing of marketing entry into China. It begins with a brief review of the literature on first-mover advantages and the recent empirical research. It then attempts to theorize on why timing of market entry matters in the context of foreign direct investment. Apart from drawing upon the four recent studies in this area, this paper focuses on the auto industry in China and the case of Volkswagen to illustrate the importance of early entry into an overseas market. It calls for foreign investors to seize the first-wave opportunities when the door is opened a certain sector. It pays in the long run both in terms of the market share position and profitability.     

External Finance and the Foreign Direct Investment Decision: Evidence from Privately Owned Enterprises in China

Access to external finance is found to be a statistically significant factor explaining the probability of privately owned enterprises (POEs) in China undertaking foreign direct investment (FDI). The significance of external finance is magnified in industries featuring a heavy dependence on external finance, high technology, low tangibility, and high inventory. The external finance and FDI linkage is weaker for POEs with group affiliation, but stronger for those with generous employment welfare practices.     

Global Foreign Direct Investment: A network perspective

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) research has usually focused on inward and outward levels of assets flows and stocks, yet very few studies have examined the Global FDI Network. We study the economic performance of countries in terms of their associations with certain FDI partners employing social network analysis. This new approach shifts the focus away from the study of certain country features and their influence on FDI stock levels. Our study of FDI stocks from 229 economies sheds light on the interactions of the global FDI network within its singular context of country-level determinants, its after-effects, internal patterns, and relationship with the network of Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs). Our conclusion is that country features such as size, openness, skill levels, and institutional stability not only set the pace of FDI, but that they also influence both the network structure and the power positions of each node. We investigate whether that structure responds to homophilic relations between countries or to core–periphery patterns with only a few core economies and we question the strategy of signing BITs to form FDI relations. Finally, we inquire into strategic connections with powerful partners, to ascertain whether they provide beneficial settings for country growth and trade performance.     

Foreign Direct Investment,Regulations and Growth

The paper explores the linkage between income growth rates and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows. So far the evidence is rather mixed, as no robust relationship between FDI and income growth has been established. We argue that countries need a sound business environment in the form of good government regulations to be able to benefit from FDI. Using a comprehensive data set for regulations, we test this hypothesis and find evidence that excessive regulations restrict growth through FDI only in the most regulated economies. This result is robust to different specifications of the econometric model.     

市场结构与引进外商直接投资

一、外商直接投资与市场结构的变动 外商直接投资给东道国带来的不仅是生产要素的流入,更重要的是市场经济运行机制的输入和市场供求关系的显著改变.现实生活中可以观察到,相对于国际贸易而言,外商直接投资对东道国经济生活的影响要广泛和深刻得多,其中最重要的是对经济生活中制度安排的影响.资本的跨国流动是以市场经济的运行为基础的,伴随着跨国投资的是市场机制跨越国界对生产资源的配置进行调节.具体地讲,放到市场经济的背景中来考虑,外商直接投资的流入能加速东道国市场体系的发育,加快东道国市场结构的演变速度,而外商直接投资对东道国经济运行的实际影响则是与市场结构密切地联系在一起的.     

外国直接投资与我国技术创新研究

本文运用面板协整工具和动态最小二乘法(DOLS)来检验我国1990-2004年间FDI的技术溢出效应与我国技术创新的相关关系。实证研究的结果显示:FDI与我国技术创新存在着长期稳定的关系;如果跨越了一定的人力资本门槛,那么FDI从总体上对我国的技术创新产生了积极的影响,也可以说人力资本在FDI促进我国技术创新中起着关键的作用。     

我国利用外国直接投资存在的问题及建议

改革开放以来,我国利用外资规模不断扩大,外资的利用促进了我国经济的发展。但是,我国在利用外资过程中存在的问题也较多：如外资来源地较集中;外资的规模小、技术含量低;外资的投向结构不合理;外资在一些行业形成了垄断,冲击了民族工业;外商投资的法律体系不完善。所以要采取对策,扩大利用外资渠道;进行政策调整,优化外资投向结构;采取适当手段保护民族工业;完善外商投资法律体系,改善投资环境。     

对外直接投资与企业创新效率

文章在开放经济的背景下,考察了企业对外直接投资行为对创新效率的影响机制。文章在对OFDI逆向技术溢出进行综合分析的基础上,建立了相应的实证模型。模型实证结果显示:企业的对外直接投资行为确实对创新投入有较强的促进作用,能活跃企业整体创新行为;进行对外直接投资的企业出现了创新产出相对不足的现象,对企业创新效率产生了负向影响;对外直接投资改变了企业内部的创新资源配置路径,使得模仿创新在企业创新行为中的地位提升,对创新效率的变化起到了主导作用。