基于虚拟产业集群的供应链金融模式创新:创捷公司案例分析北大核心CSSCI

融资难一直是制约中小企业生存发展和日常运营的主要瓶颈。近年来,作为一种创新型融资手段,基于供应链网络的供应链金融逐渐成为中小企业获取营运资金的有效方式。伴随着企业信息化程度的提高与网络技术的发展,基于虚拟产业集群的供应链管理活动为供应链金融的开展提供了广阔空间和条件。本研究以创捷供应链有限公司为例,对基于虚拟产业集群的供应链金融创新进行了深入探索与分析,并构建了虚拟产业集群中供应链金融创新路径的理论框架与模型。研究发现:虚拟产业集群中企业间存在依存关系,通过虚拟供应链搭建的产业互联网平台能够实现虚拟产业集群中所有企业间的业务闭合,优化交易流程模式,并且基于云计算、大数据等技术,在强化供应链网络关系的同时,虚拟供应链网络有效降低了产业互联网平台中资金提供方与中小企业之间的信息不对称。这一方面促进了虚拟产业集群中产业企业多种供应链金融业务的顺利开展,另一方面实现了产业发展与金融创新的循环迭代,提升了产业竞争力。本文基于虚拟产业集群识别出多种供应链金融创新业务形态,有助于完善与拓展供应链金融理论,对于引导基于虚拟产业集群的供应链金融实践有效开展具有有益启发。     

基于供应链的中小企业集群合作

供应链管理把知识流、信息流、物流、资金流的管理贯穿于供应链的全过程,覆盖了整个物流。产业集群作为一种区域经济现象,由于其异乎寻常的区域经济竞争力,受到越来越多的人们关注。本文在论述我国中小企业集群特征及合作现状的基础上,结合供应链与中小企业集群的关系,提出基于供应链的中小企业集群合作的对策。     

突破中小企业融资困境新思路——集群式融资

针对中小企业普遍面临的融资困境及各种解决途径的低效性现状,结合当前产业集群快速发展的实际,本文尝试性地提出了突破中小企业融资难困境的新思路,即集群式融资思路,并着重分析阐述了集群式融资的优势及其产生机理。     

集群供应链网络的联结模式与共治框架

集群供应链作为一类新型网络组织形式,是依托于产业集群又突破产业集群地域限制的供应链网络的集合体,集群供应链网络治理问题对集群竞争优势创造与集群持续发展有着重要作用。本文首先阐明了供应链网络与集群供应链网络的区别,进而对集群供应链网络的结构及类型进行了分析,在此基础上研究了集群供应链网络的联结模式,提出集群供应链网络共治的参与者、集群供应链网络共治框架体系及各参与主体在集群供应链共治中的作用分工,以期对集群供应链网络的治理活动起到借鉴作用。     

山东昌邑市纺织产业集群特点分析

山东省昌邑产业优势较为明显。昌邑纺织业集群经过20多年的发展,在全国已经具有一定的影响力。但是,由于内外因素的限制和影响,整个集群还处于初级阶段,仍然存在很多问题。昌邑纺织业集群式发展既有机遇又有挑战,而如何有效利用内外因素,促进集群发展则成了集群发展的重要战略选择。     

基于虫口模型的建筑企业集群创新网络演化机理研究

建筑企业集群式创新网络的生命周期分为四个阶段,在一个生命周期过程中经历萌芽、发展、成熟和跃迁（或衰退）4个阶段,通过“虫口模型”的模拟,说明集成单元的聚集能力级太弱或太强,都不利于集群式创新网络的发展。在网络的发展过程中,应该通过调整聚集能力级来调整集群创新网络的进化速度。     

我国产业集群协同创新能力评价综述

产业集群作为区域经济发展体系的重要组成部分,其竞争优势在很大程度上就来自于其创新能力以及集群内部主体间相互交错的协同作用与协同创新.因此,要保持产业集群的先进性和活跃性,研究其协同创新能力具有十分重要的意义.文章分析了产业集群和协同创新的相关研究,对产业集群协同创新的概念、指标选取原则、指标体系和模型进行了综述,并就相关研究进行了评述与展望.     

工业产业集群品牌生态系统协同机理及运行机制研究

工业产业集群品牌生态系统由工业产业集群品牌集群及其所处的环境组成,而组成该生态系统根本目的是协同进化。本文首先对工业企业集群品牌生态系统内涵和特征进行分析,然后阐述了工业产业集群品牌生态系统协同进化的动因,动因主要有环境选择的压力、市场效应的拉力和自身发展的动力3个方面。基于此,文章构建了集群企业生态位宽度模型和工业产业集群品牌与外部环境协同演化模型,对工业产业集群品牌生态系统的企业间和企业与环境的协同演化机理进行了研究,最后提出包括管理机制、创新机制、整合机制和保障机制在内的4个运行机制,促进工业产业集群品牌生态系统良好运行。     

商业环境和集群优势：探析新西兰木材产业

通过四组新西兰木材产业集群的分析来验证集群可持续发展的特性所在。两组集群通过企业业主的支持获得了可持续发展,另外两组集群命运正好相反。主要是采用结构和半结构问题来调查四组企业的经营者。调查发现,一个成功的产业集群主要有如下特性：企业类型混合性：企业经营者对参与集群的期望值;企业集群内部关系的紧密程度。这些特性导致了两种不同企业活动模式来促使集群的形成。调查结果严重质疑一味鼓吹通过集群式发展来提高企业的竞争力的论断。     

集群式创新与创新能力集成——一个培育中小企业自主创新能力的战略新视角

大量事实表明，以集群为基础的集群式创新是培育中小企业自主创新能力的重要组织形式，集群式创新可以实现创新能力的集成。本文从分工发展入手探讨了产业链与创新链的形成及其在集群成长中的耦合演进过程，并进一步揭示了集群式创新的本质．分析了集群式创新的创新能力集成机制和创新能力有效集成的基本条件．提出了以集群式创新为路径构建创新链来培育中小企业自主创新能力的战略思路。     

全球价值链与中国地方产业集群的供应链式整合--以苏浙粤纺织服装产业集群为例

地方产业集群的发展不仅需要全球价值链嵌入和耦合的推动,同时集群的供应链式整合(即地方产业集群在同一地域形成完整或近乎完整的价值链)也是地方产业集群升级的关键,这样才能保证地方产业集群在与全球价值链耦合时获取价值链中高附加值、核心战略环节的竞争优势。文章阐述了全球价值链与地方产业集群的供应链整合的三种模式,并以中国纺织服装产业为实例,通过苏(横扇镇)、浙(织里镇)、粤(沙溪镇)三地的纺织服装产业集群,来分析在面对纺织服装产业“后配额时代”的到来,如何将全球价值链与进行集群供应链式整合并实现产业升级;在此基础上说明中国纺织服装产业集群在供应链式整合和嵌入全球价值链过程中所面临的障碍;最后提出地方产业集群的升级思路和途径。     

城市智慧供应链发展指数构建及其应用

在新一轮科技革命和产业变革浪潮的带动下,智慧供应链正在快速发展,与之相关的城市智慧供应链发展也成为当前供应链研究领域中的重要问题。然而,传统的供应链发展评价指标体系难以直接应用到智慧供应链评价中。为此,本文从企业视角和区域视角出发,从城市智慧供应链基础设施情况、人力资源投入情况、资金投入情况、企业创新情况、供应链效率和效益6个维度构建了中国城市智慧供应链的发展评价体系,设计了基于改进的TOPSIS方法的评价方法,并进行了中国城市智慧供应链发展指数评价,为城市管理部门量化智慧供应链发展水平提供了方法依据。     

An empirical analysis of supply chain risk management in the German automotive industry

The purpose of this paper is the empirical analysis of supply chain risk management practices. The analysis is based on a survey with 67 manufacturing plants conducted in the German automotive industry. After investigating the vulnerability of supply chains in general and examining key drivers of supply chain risks, the paper identifies supply chain risks by analyzing their likelihood to occur and their potential impact on the supply chain. The results are visualized in the probability-impact-matrix distinguishing between internal and external supply chain risks. Furthermore, instruments for dealing with supply chain risks are investigated. Therefore, the impact of supply chain risk management on performance is tested. In order to distinguish between companies with a high degree of supply chain risk management and those with no or only limited implementation the plants are grouped by means of a cluster analysis based on factors reflecting the instruments of supply chain risk management. In particular, groups are created representing two different approaches to deal with supply chain risks, i.e. reactive and preventive supply chain risk management. The clusters are investigated concerning differences in terms of performance criteria. The analyses reveal that companies with a high implementation degree show a better supply chain performance. Furthermore, the results show that the group using reactive supply chain risk management has higher average value in terms of disruptions resilience or the reduction of the bullwhip effect, whereas the group pursuing preventive supply chain risk management has better values concerning flexibility or safety stocks.     

Supply chain management in the luxury industry: A first classification of companies and their strategies

This paper aims at analysing the supply management strategies in the luxury industry in order to find out (1) whether different clusters of companies could be identified within the luxury industry, on the base of a set of contingent variables derived from previous research, and (2) which supply chain strategy is currently applied within each cluster. Case study methodology is used. A sample of 15 Italian luxury companies, belonging to different industrial sectors, was taken into account.On the basis of five classification variables (company size, selling volume, product complexity, product fashionableness and brand reputation) four clusters are identified; these clusters present differences in terms of Supply Chain strategy, as well as in terms of practices for managing manufacturing, sourcing and distribution processes.     

跨区域群体投资模式研究

20世纪90年代以来，产生了以动态联盟为特征的新的企业组织形式，一件产品的生产被分割为不同的企业生产，一件产品的竞争力实质体现了整条供应链上各个环节的整体竞争力。供应链群体企业之间是一种共生关系，面临激烈的市场竞争，一方面分布在不同地区的供应链群体企业要求跨区域走向集中发展，以降低远距离的交易成本，另一方面当产业集群出现集聚不经济时，这些利益共同体也需要向某一地区进行跨区域群体投资，本文试图从供应链竞争的理论依据和产业集群发展的角度，研究并提出了企业跨区域投资的三种模式：①众星捧月式的群体投资模式；②以价值链为主导联结的群体投资模式；③以生产要素共享为主导联结的群体投资模式。     

Is local sourcing out of fashion in the globalization era? Evidence from Italian mechanical industry

The paper concerns a study on the changes affecting leading cluster companies' supplier relationships. In particular, the paper aims at investigating under which conditions and how industrial cluster companies rely on local suppliers in the current context of international competitive pressure and easier access to international supply sources. The research methodology is qualitative and based on a long-term longitudinal research of three case studies of Italian industrial cluster companies that are leading firms in specific niches of the mechanical industry. Two main questions are debated: under which conditions have industrial cluster companies relied on local suppliers? What has been the evolution of relationships between industrial cluster companies and their local suppliers? The empirical analysis shows that local suppliers have been playing strategic roles in different ways in distinct historical phases, contributing actively in terms of knowledge and competence development, production flexibility, delivery performance and cost efficiency.     

供应链管理环境下的战略采购

近几年来，随着供应链管理的不断发展，采购供应管理已经成为企业实现柔性化经营，有效应对市场的重要手段。本文全面分析了供应链管理环境下，采购供应管理的特点、趋势，并且提出现代战略采购管理只有打破单一界面、站在企业整体最优和供应链最优基础上，实现供应细分管理，才能真正为企业取得生存和发展的空间。     

工业企业新产品开发供应链管理研究(1)——新产品开发供应链管理的基本概念

通过对供应链 (管理 )定义、特点、发展和内容的介绍 ,阐述新产品开发供应链管理的基本概念。     

Identifying risk issues and research advancements in supply chain risk management

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the research development in supply chain risk management (SCRM), which has shown an increasing global attention in recent years. Literature survey and citation/co-citation analysis are used to fulfil the research task. Literature survey has undertaken a thorough search of articles on selected journals relevant to supply chain operations management. Meanwhile, citation/co-citation analysis uses Web of Sciences database to disclose SCRM development between 1995 and 2009. Both the approaches show similar trends of rising publications over the past 15 years. This review has piloted us to identify and classify the potential risk associated with different flows, namely material, cash and information flows. Consequently, we identify some research gaps. Even though there is a pressing need and awareness of SCRM from industrial aspect, quantitative models in the field are relatively lacking and information flow risk has received less attention. It is also interesting to observe the evolutions and advancements of SCRM discipline. One finding is that the intellectual structure of the field made statistically significant increase during 2000-2005 and evolved from passively reacting to vague general issues of disruptions towards more proactively managing supply chain risk from system perspectives.