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本文根据税收努力理论构建了我国预测的税收份额的决定方程,并由此计算出我国预测的税收份额,结合我国实际税收份额,计算出我国1978-2005年间税收努力指数.本文以税收努力指数作为计量我国税收征管水平变动的代理变量.分析结果表明,税收努力指数的增长率与调整后税收增长率保持了较强的相关性,并且它们还具有良好的回归关系,我国征管水平提高率对我国调整后税收增长率的解释能力达到88.74%.我国征管水平的变动解释了我国税收增速变动的绝大部分原因. 相似文献
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近年来,中国税收呈现高增长态势。税收增长率远超经济增长率,税收高速增长以及税收结构不合理在一定程度上抑制了消费增长。然而,影响税收增长率变动的经济因素是多元的,主要受到经济增长水平、价格水平等影响。实证分析表明,经济波动决定税收增长率的变动,经济波动与税收增长率变动存在长期均衡变动关系,价格对税收增长率也有较大影响。 相似文献
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近年来我国税收增长率高于GDP增长率的隐性原因透析——兼论对国家税务总局原因解释的验证 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
近年来,围绕税收增长率高于GDP增长率的争论从来就没有停止过,学界、税务部门、普通民众各执己见,众说纷纭。在这方面,应该说,国家税务总局给出的原因分析一定程度上解释了税收增长率高于GDP增长率的现实,但受制于其自身所处的地位,加之税收问题的敏感性,其原因分析中更多是显性因素,而有意忽略了重要的深层次隐性因素。追根溯源,论文在对国家税务总局原因解释进行验证的基础上,得出税收计划制定的不合理、违规征税和税负加重是造成税收增长率高于GDP增长率的主要隐性原因,并对此进行实证分析。 相似文献
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收入平滑假说研究在跨期预算条件下,政府如何利用税收和发行货币两种方式来追求支出融通政策所产生的扭曲成本最小。文章利用中国1953年至2005年的数据,对放松货币流通速度不变假设下的收入平滑假说进行检验,以探究我国财政和货币当局在税率和通货膨胀率的制定上是否符合收入平滑原理。结果显示,收入平滑假说在中国成立。 相似文献
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本文在总结既有的有关进出口贸易拉动GDP增长的研究成果基础上,运用HP滤波、相关系数矩阵及协整分析,进一步研究了进出口总额(E+M)和GDP增长的关系。得出如下结论:在研究进出口贸易与GDP增长二者关系时,运用进出口总额(E+M)序列比使用进口额(M)、出口额(E)或进出口差额(E-M)序列更能真实反映进出口贸易对GDP增长的拉动作用。 相似文献
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我国税收统计数据中,1985年的数据比较以前数据有巨大的增长,形成了一个数据异常点,其主要原因是我国在1984年10月实施了第二步\"利改税\",同时颁布实施了六部新税收条例.本文假设\"利改税\"发生在1978年,于是对1978-1984年\"虚国营企业所得税\"进行补值,这样就消除了1985年数据异常点的影响.经过相关性和时间序列分析,本文认为1978-2005年间,我国经济总量的变动决定了税收总量的变动,税收增量的变动主要受税收政策变动影响,其与经济增量变动的相关性微弱.因此,税收与经济总量保持了协调增长,增长率却相互独立. 相似文献
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本文运用1997~2010年省级面板数据建立随机生产前沿模型,从税收征管角度进行了税收全要素生产率的增长分解,研究发现,税收超GDP增长的管理根源主要来自技术进步;技术效率呈轻微递减趋势,且东部沿海地区明显高于中西部内陆地区,对新技术的利用率不足是导致中西部地区税收征管效率偏低的重要原因;税务人员税收收入弹性逐年下降,甚至在东部地区出现负数,表明税务机构"粗放式"的人力投入增长已不能带来显著的增税效果。 相似文献
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解洪涛 《中南财经政法大学学报》2016,(4):48-56
本文旨在探究中国税收征管制度变革对税收流失的影响机制及影响效应,采用多指标多因素潜变量模型估算各省的隐形经济规模,用于衡量相关联的税收流失规模。进一步通过构建计量经济模型,采用纳税评估户数和评估环节补缴税款数额作为征管制度改革的代理变量,检验了征管流程改革带来的征管效率提高效应。研究发现:税收流失呈现倒U形状,在20世纪90年代中后期各省由隐形经济带来的税收流失在达到最大值后普遍出现了下降;实证检验结果验证了纳税评估不仅直接减少了税收流失,同时纳税评估增强了传统的稽查效果,间接缩小了税收流失规模。 相似文献
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我国能源消费与GDP的关系——基于时间序列的实证分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于我国改革开放前和改革开放后两个阶段,实证考察两个不同时期的能源消费与GDP之间的依存关系。研究结果显示:虽然我国改革开放前实行的是计划经济,改革开放后逐步推进市场经济体制,而且在两个时期的经济发展水平具有巨大的差异,然而在两个时期,能源消费与GDP之间却具有同样的双向因果关系。对产生这种双向因果关系的原因进行了分析,并进一步为我国发展经济和提高能源利用效率提供了相应的政策建议。 相似文献
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The effect of marginal tax rates on taxable income: a panel study of the 1988 tax flattening in Canada 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Federal tax reform in 1988 flattened the Canadian personal income tax schedule, changing the marginal tax rates for many individuals. Using methods similar to those applied by Auten and Carroll [Rev. Econ. 81(4) (1999) 681] in the study of the effects of the 1986 U.S. Tax Reform Act, we estimate the responsiveness of income to changes in taxes to be substantially smaller in Canada. However we find evidence of a much higher response in self-employment income, in the labor income of seniors and from those with high incomes. 相似文献
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José Félix Sanz-Sanz Juan Manuel Castañer-Carrasco Desiderio Romero-Jordán 《Applied economics》2016,48(42):4042-4050
This article models the elasticity of consumption taxation faced with changes in disposable income. Its calculation makes clear the importance of the design of the personal income tax and of the changes caused to the consumption of taxpayers. The modelling is performed for both individual taxpayers and the population as a whole. 相似文献
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《经济问题》2012,(6)
从改革开放后的时代大背景出发,以税收发展为主要关注点,对我国税收与产业发展、国民收入等因素之间的关联性进行研究。通过对传统经济学中的税收理论进行研究,提出了模型建立的初步思想。通过查阅相关年鉴信息,获取了研究所需的基础数据。基础数据主要包括各产业历年发展数据、税收发展历年数据、国民收入数据、CPI指数等。将上述数据进行综合处理,作为分析的基础数据。利用高级计量经济学的分析原理和方法(主要是向量自回归模型理论和格兰杰因果关系检验等理论和方法),建立基于我国国情的税收发展与产业发展等因素的关联性模型。通过对模型的分析研究,找到上述因素之间具体的关联性,从而为我国税收改革的方向和具体实施步骤提出了有参考性的意见和建议。以此实现通过税收改革,促进我国经济发展模式转型的最终目的。 相似文献
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José Félix Sanz-Sanz María Arrazola-Vacas Nuria Rueda-López Desiderio Romero-Jordán 《Applied economics》2013,45(5):466-484
This article estimates, for the Spanish personal income tax, the elasticity of reported gross income to marginal tax rates. The identification of this elasticity has been performed using the reform approved by Law 35/2006, which came into force in January 2007. The elasticities obtained suggest the existence of important efficiency costs, with significant regional differences. The average elasticity estimated for Spain as a whole is 0.676. However, this elasticity is highly dispersed throughout the Spanish administrative regions, which indicates the unequal power of distortion of the tax. Thus, households whose principal source of income is salary display an elasticity of 0.337, compared to 0.682 for households whose main income source comes from business or savings. Lastly, a positive correlation is also detected between elasticity and income level: an elasticity of 3.6 is reached for taxpayers with an annual gross income exceeding 100 000€. 相似文献
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Richard J. Cebula 《Applied economics》2020,52(14):1606-1616
ABSTRACTThis empirical study posits and tests the ‘tax-rate induced bond substitution hypothesis,’ wherein the propensity for bond buyers to substitute tax-exempt municipal bonds for taxable bonds in their portfolios is hypothesized to be an increasing function of the maximum federal personal income tax rate. This substitution acts to elevate the real interest rate yield on taxable bonds while diminishing it on tax-exempt bonds, ceteris paribus. Two measures of real interest rates are included in the present analysis, ex post real interest rate and ex ante real interest rate. Empirical estimations for the 1981–2018 period provide strong support for the hypothesis. They reveal that the real interest rate yield on high-grade tax-exempt municipal bonds is a decreasing function of the maximum marginal federal personal income tax, whereas the real interest rate yield on taxable ten-year Treasury notes is an increasing function of that same tax rate. We examine the implications of this study and the information underlying it for the traditional formulaic textbook treatment of the relationship between yields on bonds whose interest rate payments are taxable versus those whose interest rate payments are tax exempt and find it is not as dependable as the textbooks would have us believe. 相似文献
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This paper demonstrates the usefulness of the elasticity of reported income to assess tax reforms from the perspectives of tax revenue and well-being. Employing different identification strategies, evidence is provided of the value of the elasticity of gross reported income in Spain and, based on this elasticity, a detailed assessment is made of the impact of the increase in marginal tax rates which the Spanish government approved in 2012. We use microdata from the Taxpayers Panel of the Institute for Fiscal Studies. The mean value of this elasticity for Spain is 0,363 with considerable heterogeneity depending on taxpayers’ characteristics. 相似文献
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Caroline Schimanski 《Applied economics letters》2017,24(21):1558-1566
This article revisits the study by Dhammika Dharmapala and Nadine Riedel on income shifting between European multinationals published in the Journal of Public Economics in 2013. It used a promising alternative causal identification strategy for profit-shifting based on earnings shocks, which has over a short time period been frequently cited in the literature. Using data from the same database, albeit for a period 10 years later, for 2006–2015, the significant causal evidence for profit-shifting from European parent firms to their lower taxed European subsidiaries cannot be reproduced. Neither can similar results be obtained by considering profit-shifting to subsidiaries located anywhere in the world. Results in line with those of the original study can however be found when using effective rather than statutory corporate tax rates. While these findings raise concerns about the external validity of earlier studies’ result, it should not put the existence and extent of profit-shifting into question. It rather raises concerns about the focus on statutory tax rates in measuring profit-shifting. Moreover, rather than a decrease in profit-shifting, it may illustrate the database’s and the methodology’s limitations and ability to capture all shifts and channels. 相似文献
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Lina Cui 《Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy》2013,32(1):122-134
This article presents a set of microsimulation models to derive individual companies' tax data from their time series financial microdata by applying different tax offset restrictions. Based on this model, we develop a Markov chain model for simulating 1828 non‐financial German companies in the Amadeus database to assess the impact of major reforms on German tax offset restrictions since 2001. Main results suggest that: (i) our developed Markov model is able to rather accurately predict the probabilities of a company's taxable profits (losses) in different levels; (ii) the introduction of more strict offsetting rules provides incentive for companies to provide less losses and become more conservative in their business operations; and (iii) the reforms have particularly important impacts on large and very large enterprises and on some sectors such as electricity, gas and water supply, construction and whole sale and retail trade. 相似文献
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工业化进程与资源消耗密切相关,GDP或人均GDP可用来衡量一个国家的工业化进程。本文以5年为一个时间段分析了中美两国历史上单位GDP铜消费量(T)的变化,发现中国1960~2005年间单位GDP的铜消费量并未出现明显的上升或下降趋势;美国1929~2005年间单位GDP的铜消费量基本上呈较明显的下降趋势,在20世纪20~40年代T值在高位持续了一定年份,不过自1941年以后T值逐步下降,单位GDP的铜消费量降低了81%。GDP的年增长率(g)和单位GDP铜消费量的年下降率(t)是影响铜消费量变化的两个重要参数,对应不同的单位GDP铜消费量年下降率的假设,文章估算出未来中国经济增长与铜消费指标间的关系以及单位GDP铜消费量降低的百分数,提出了一些实现铜消费减量的措施。最后,给出了中美两国工业化进程中的铜消费量与GDP、人均铜消费量与人均GDP间的关系曲线,总结出铜消费的一些规律。 相似文献