Perception of marital roles in purchase decision processes: A cross-cultural study

Following the approach of the classic 1974 marital-role influence study of Davis and Rigaux, the present study focuses on differences in decision making (i.e., joint, husband dominated, wife dominated) across 24 product categories as a function of two key factors. These factors are stage of the decision process (i.e., problem recognition, information search, and the final decision) and culture (People’s Republic of China and the United States). The Jacobson Marital-Role Egalitarianism Scale is included to further assess individual differences in husband and wife traditionality-modernism. The major findings are that emphasis on joint, husband-dominated, and wife-dominated decisions vary by stage and by stage-culture interaction. Practical implications are presented with suggestions for future research. He graduated from the University of Georgia in 1985 with a Ph.D. in marketing. His research interests include global strategic market planning and cross-cultural research issues and methodologies. He has published in such journals asJournal of Advertising Research, Industrial Marketing Management, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Columbia Journal of World Business, International Marketing Review, Journal of Business Strategy, andJournal of Consumer Marketing. He graduated with honors in 1986 from the University of Mississippi with a Ph.D. in marketing. His research interests include cross-cultural consumer behavior and emotional responses to advertising stimuli. He has published in such journals asJournal of Advertising, Journal of Advertising Research, Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, Psychology and Marketing, Journal of Health Care Marketing, andInternational Marketing Review. He graduated from the University of Mississippi in 1986 with a Ph.D. in marketing. His research interests focus on cross-cultural consumer behavior. He has published in such journals asJournal of Advertising, Journal of Business Ethics, Journal of Health Care Marketing, Psychology and Marketing, and theInternational Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management.     

The role of corporate social responsibility in strengthening multiple stakeholder relationships: A field experiment

This research relied on a field experiment involving a real-world instance of corporate philanthropy to shed light on both the scope and limitations of the strategic returns to corporate social responsibility (CSR). In particular, the authors demonstrate that the impact of CSR in the real world is not only less pervasive than has been previously acknowledged but also more multifaceted than has been previously conceptualized. The findings indicated that contingent on CSR awareness, which was rather low, stakeholders did react positively to the focal company not only in the consumption domain but in the employment and investment domains as well. Stakeholder attributions regarding the genuineness of the company’s motives moderated these effects. Sankar Sen (sankar_sen@baruch.cuny.edu) is a professor of marketing at the Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College, City University of New York. He received his Ph.D. in marketing in 1993 from the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania. His research focuses on consumer decision making. He is interested, more specifically, in consumer reactions to company actions, particularly in the domain of CSR. His research has appeared inCalifornia Management Review, Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Marketing, Journal of Marketing Research, Journal of Economic Theory, and others. C. B. Bhattacharya (cb@bu.edu) received his Ph.D. in marketing from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania in 1993 and his M.B.A. from the Indian Institute of Management in 1984. Prior to joining Boston University, he was on the faculty at the Goizueta Business School, Emory University. His specific expertise is in the areas of customer retention and the roles of CSR and organizational identification in designing marketing strategy. He served on the editorial review board of theJournal of Marketing from 2002 to 2005 and has published in journals such as theJournal of Marketing Research, theJournal of Marketing, Journal of Applied Psychology, andOrganization Science. He speaks frequently at many academic and business forums and won the William Novelli Best Paper Award at the Social Marketing Conference in 1997. Dr. Bhattacharya received the 2001 Broderick Prize for Research Excellence at Boston University and the Emory Williams Distinguished Teaching Award in 1995, the highest teaching award at Emory University. He is also part of the select group of faculty members onBusiness Week’s Outstanding Faculty list. Prior to his Ph.D., he worked for 3 years as a product manager for Reckitt Benkiser PLC. He has consulted for organizations such as the Hitachi Corporation, Procter & Gamble Company, Bell South, The Prudential Bank, Information Resources Inc., Airwick Industries, Silo Inc., and the High Museum of Art. Daniel Korschun (danielk@bu.edu) is a doctoral candidate in marketing at Boston University. His current research interests include brand management, CSR, and interorganizational relationships.     

The measurement of intergenerational communication and influence on consumption: Development, validation, and cross-cultural comparison of the IGEN scale

This article develops and validates measures of intergenerational communication and influence about consumption. Despite the widespread belief that parents play a pivotal role in the consumer socialization of their children, empirical research on the skills, attitudes, and preferences transmitted from one generation to the next is quite limited. One factor that may explain this deficiency is the lack of appropriate instruments for assessing intergenerational issues. Drawing on consumer socialization theory and research, intergenerational transmission is defined in terms of three components directly relevant to marketplace transactions: (1) consumer skills, (2) preferences, and (3) attitudes toward marketer-supplied information. Multi-item scales are developed to measure each of these components. The findings of three studies supporting the reliability, dimensionality, and validity of the intergenerational scales are reported. Validation efforts incorporate cross-cultural analyses from the United States and Thailand, as well as dyadic-level comparisons between parents and children. Madhubalan Viswanathan is an associate professor of marketing at the University of Illinois. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Minnesota. His research interests include consumer psychology and measurement. His research appears in several journals including theJournal of Consumer Psychology, theJournal of Marketing Research, theJournal of Applied Psychology, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, andPsychology and Marketing. He serves on the editorial review boards of theJournal of Consumer Psychology andPsychology and Marketing. Terry L. Childers is a professor of marketing at the University of Minnesota. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin. His research interests include visual information processing, measurement, and psychometrics. His work has been published in several journals including theJournal of Marketing Research, theJournal of Consumer Research, theJournal of Consumer Psychology, and theJournal of Mental Imagery. He serves on the editorial review boards of theJournal of Consumer Research and theJournal of Business Research. Elizabeth S. Moore is an assistant professor of marketing at the University of Notre Dame. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Florida. Her research interests include consumer decision processes within the household, the effects of advertising and promotion on children, as well as marketing and society issues. Her work has been published in theJournal of Marketing, theJournal of Consumer Research (in press), and theJournal of Macromarketing, as well as other books and conference proceedings.     

亚当·斯密对经济人行为的伦理分析

＂经济人＂的行为从个体层面看,是完全的利己行为;从社会层面看,是须兼顾利他的行为;从经济行为的作用机制看,是在＂看不见的手＂调控下的伦理行为。亚当.斯密为经济人行为提供了伦理学的道德基础,从而论证了＂经济人＂行为的合道德性,最终,自利的＂经济人＂通向了互利的＂伦理人＂,利己行为转化为善。     

经济法的利益基础分析--兼谈部门法划分的利益解构

本文首先以崭新角度归纳出所谓法的本住实为其利益基础的观点,继而以利益中心论为其立论依据解构各主要部门法的利益本住并最终落脚于对经济法利益基础的分析。本文为经济法基础理论的研究作了新尝试,提供了新思路。     

经济增长与经济发展的人的思想道德原因研究述评

国内外发展经济学从思想、精神、价值观、宗教伦理、道德等相互包含、相互渗透的方面揭示了经济增长、经济发展的人的思想道德素质原因,但尚未就人的思想道德素质对经济增长、经济发展和家庭贫富的影响进行理论分析与实证检验.人的思想道德素质是人力资本的重要内容,新时期应重视基于贫困者自身思想道德素质提高的思想反贫困.     

从伦理学的视角看增强社会主义核心价值体系建设的实效性

建设社会主义核心价值体系是我们党提出的一项重大的任务,是全社会的共同职责。以伦理学的视角来看增强其实效性关键在于"四个维度":重视启蒙是家庭爱的伦理,加强规范是社会的责任伦理,注重引导是学校的管理伦理,诉诸自律是个体的美德伦理。社会主义核心价值体系的建设最终应通过人的领悟、认同和自觉的维系来解决。     

当代大学生道德信仰状况调查研究

文章采用理论研究与实证调查相结合的方法,以问卷调查形式对当代大学的道德信仰状况作详实的调查,经过定量分析,获取有效信息。经过调查,大学生道德信仰状况总体还是好的,但也存在着一定的道德信仰缺失的现象。为此,文章对这种道德信仰危机的成因进行了分析,并就大学生道德信仰的重建提出了具体方案。     

基于国家利益层面的邓小平对外开放思想研究

国家利益包括国家的安全利益、经济利益和政治利益.经济全球化,为中国的和平崛起提供了机遇也带来了挑战.基于国家利益层面的邓小平对外开放思想,把维护国家的整体利益作为对外开放的出发点,把维护国家的经济利益作为对外开放的基础和核心.     

Personalty interests at the Constitutional Convention: new tests of the Beard thesis

Charles Beard ([1913] 2004) argued that the U.S. Constitution was created to advance the interests of people who owned personalty, particularly those at the Constitutional Convention. Because delegate votes on individual clauses at the Constitutional Convention were not publicly recorded, prior empirical analyses have been limited to inferred votes on a specific set of unrelated clauses. We extend this inquiry by inferring votes related to currency and debt issues which Beard put forth as the prime issues for those who owned personalty. Our analysis on these votes generates little support for a narrow version of the Beard thesis, which states that all personalty groups voted in a unified coalition at the Convention and supported the Constitution. Our analysis provides some support, however, for a broader interpretation that personalty and realty interests affected delegate voting behavior at the margin.     

从英汉拟人修辞格到中西拟物抒情

无论是中国还是西方国家人类表达情感的方式大体上是相同的 ,这一点也反映在文学作品的表现手法上。文章通过对中、西方拟人修辞格进行比较分析 ,介绍了这两种修辞格在定义、结构及运用上的相同之处 ,指出加强对拟人修辞格的理解有助于提高对英美文学的审美能力。     

志愿者组织对公民道德建设的作用探析

在社会转型期各种矛盾叠加凸显的形势下,加强公民道德建设,用社会主义核心价值体系凝聚民心人气,加快全面小康社会建设进程至关重要。在公民道德建设中,必须充分发挥民间组织的积极作用,尤其要重点把握志愿者组织六个方面的功能和作用：对传统美德的传承和发展功能;对社会公德、职业道德的提升和强化功能;对社会资源的整合和凝聚功能;对公平正义、社会和谐的推动和促进功能;对政府失灵、市场失灵的补充和完善功能;对多元文化的融合和提炼功能。     

FDI对税收优惠的敏感分析

本文把税收敏感度分析引入到税收政策制定过程中,通过实证性分析,评估FDI对东道国政府课征税收或各项税收的变动所引起的敏感程度,反映FDI因税收优惠政策变化而引起的各种经济现象,从而有效的分析现有的税收优惠政策对于吸引FDI现实作用,可以使我国在制定新的税收政策调整过程中,更加具有针对性.     

和谐社会与制度公正的伦理意蕴

和谐社会的构建取决于社会制度的公正性。只有通过公正、合理的制度安排,才能有效地维护社会的公平、正义与秩序,并为社会成员的生存与发展提供良好的制度环境;只有制度公正,才能避免社会各个阶层、利益集团之间的摩擦和冲突,从而达到整个社会的稳定与和谐。     

伦理──经济的合理生态及其所需要的伦理品质

伦理─—经济矛盾运动所形成的合理状态,就是生态。合理的伦理─—经济生态的造就,是市场经 济发展及其与之相适应的伦理精神建构的价值目标之一。但在经过二十多年的经济改革与社会变革之后,这 一目标的实现仍然还有相当的距离。生态合理性所需要的伦理品质仍是当前亟待解决的问题。     

论以德治国中的良心作用

良心内在于人的心中，但却有共同的内容。它是评价善恶是非的标准。良心是社会评价在个人心理中经过积淀而形成的机制。良心不安或谴责具有极大的情感色彩，因而这种不安或谴责的力量是强大的。必须注重以德治国中的良心培育。     

French versus American consumers’ attachment of value to a product in a common consumption context: A cross-national comparison

This article investigates the influence of French and American national culture on consumer perceptions of productrelated value. Employing means-end theory, hypotheses are developed to predict how French versus American national culture influences the content and structure of consumer value hierachies. Hypotheses are tested using data from in-depth laddering interviews with a matched sample of French and American consumers. The findings support the contention that differences exist in the meaning and relative importance of consumer value hierarchy dimensions across the two national cultures. Furthermore, the analysis suggests that consumption consequences are especially culturally sensitive. Jeffrey W. Overby (joverby@cob.fsu.edu) is an assistant professor of marketing and international business in the Department of Marketing at Florida State University. He holds a doctorate from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. His research interests focus on customer value determination, service quality, and cross-cultural marketing issues. His work has appeared inInternational Marketing Review and numerous domestic and international conferences, includingProceeding of the 2001 Academy of Marketing Science Annual Conference andProceeding of the Tenth Biennial World Marketing Conference. Sarah Fisher Gardial (sgardial@utk.edu) is an associate professor and associate dean for academic programs in the College of Business Administration at the University of Tennessee. She holds a doctorate from the University of Houston. Her research interests focus on customer value and satisfaction, consumer decision making and information processing, and buyer/seller dyadic relations. Her work has appeared in numerous journals, including theJournal of Consumer Research, theJournal of Advertising, Industrial Marketing Management, and theJournal of Macromarketing. Robert B.Woodruff (rwoodruff@utk.edu) is the Proffitt’s, Inc. Professor of Marketing and head of the Department of Marketing and Logistics at the University of Tennessee. His primary interests are in customer value theory, customer satisfaction theory, and market opportunity analyses, all with applications to customer-value-based marketing strategies. His work has appeared in theJournal of Marketing, theJournal of Marketing Research, theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, theJournal of Consumer Research, and theJournal of Satisfaction, Dissatisfaction & Complaining Behavior. He has received two outstanding reviewer awards from theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science.     

诚信建设是市场经济伦理发展的必然诉求

时代变迁导致人们价值观念的变化,而市场经济的纵深发展,对我国传统的伦理道德观念形成了强烈的冲击。在全面建设小康社会的过程中,发展市场经济,既要坚持效率与公平原则,更要重视诚信为核心的信用机制建设,这样我国的市场经济才可能良性发展。     

意志自由：道德信仰的形上基础

意志自由是对道德义务的自觉，道德信仰是意志自由的表现。自由是对必然的超越，正是在对自然必然性的超越过程中，人的价值和尊严才得以展现。道德信仰是自由超越必然性的重要途径。