Ways to reduce inventory

Almost every business today is looking for ways to reduce inventories. However, the unsaid goal is to reduce that inventory while at the same time maintain or improve customer service. Today, every business operation is concerned with methods to improve customer service. The real trick is to accomplish that task without increasing inventory. This article discusses how some of the leading companies accomplish the task of reducing inventory and increasing customer service at the same time.     

工业企业原材料采购与库存策略

在市场竞争激烈的今天,如何有效控制采购成本及库存,有效降低企业运营成本已经成为了诸多工业企业面临的一项重大课题。本文通过对工业企业原材料采购成本控制及库存控制的重要性进行分析,并在此基础上阐述如何合理开展原材料采购工作和库存管理,为今后工业企业的发展提供一定的参考依据。     

库存控制系统中的流分析

文章主要从库存控制系统的分析、设计与实现多个过程分析其中相关流的关系及技术,主要包括物料流、价值流、业务流、服务流、信息流、资金流等。对基于UML的对象流与用于控制的流标签、实现中的基于数据库的数据流等也作了论述。通过分析各个流的关系,设计并实现了高效的具有清晰流的基于物流的库存控制系统。     

Using Quick Response to manage the material flow

The long-awaited "paperless society" now truly appears to be within our grasp. Quick Response will reduce the mounds of paper on which we depend and minimise the time and expense needed to satisfy customers' demands/requirements. Quick Response will accomplish this while keeping inventory level at a minimum. Quick Response will significantly increase the bottom line.     

“牛鞭效应”下的供应链库存管理研究

为发挥库存在企业的运作过程中的作用。改善客户服务水平,在库存位置接近客户时,满足较高的客户服务要求。文章在讨论供应链库存管理中牛鞭效应的基础上,主要研究供应链库存管理办法,提出了供应商的库存管理、联合库存管理和利用第三方物流供应商来管理库存三种方法。使得适当的库存存在不仅保证销售活动的顺利进行,而且提高了实际销售量,有助于降低采购和运输成本,产生一定的经济效益。     

Critical challenges of inventory management in service parts supply: A Delphi study

The primary purpose of the study is to determine the critical challenges facing service parts managers and to help bridge the gap between research and practice. In order to accomplish this, a series of semi-structured interviews with 18 senior service parts managers from a variety of industries frequently dealing with service parts inventory issues was used as the basis of input for a web-based Delphi study. The results of the study include 18 commonly identified potential service parts inventory issues and ten key challenges for the service parts supply industry. The identified challenges should serve as a guide for both researchers seeking to contribute to the service parts body of knowledge and practitioners who are regularly faced with service parts inventory issues.     

CHC水泥集团库存优化管理解决方案

库存管理作为生产管理的重要内容,是企业降低成本,增强市场竞争优势,提高经济效益的重要手段。论文在对CHC（嘉新京阳）水泥集团库存控制现状进行分析的基础上,揭示了该集团库存管理所存在的问题,提出了CHC水泥集团库存控制策略和控制模型;同时,为保证库存控制策略的实施,结合实际情况,对CHC水泥集团库存业务流程和组织进行了调整,并将信息管理系统升级到ERP系统以配合库存管理新策略实施。     

基于3PL_Hub的电信运营商库存管理技术研究

随着电信运营商之间的竞争逐渐加剧,为取得竞争优势,电信运营商也已开始与供应商、物流企业合作,采用3PL_Hub模式进行库存管理,降低供应链成本。但因行业不同,电信运营商基于3PL_Hub的库存管理运作模式与技术都与传统制造业有所不同。为此作者研究了电信运营商基于3PL_HUB的协同物流组织与运作模式构建、基于3PL_HUB协同运作下补货决策技术及3PL_Hub协同下IT支撑系统构建等用以支承电信运营商基于3PL_Hub库存管理的关键技术,并在中国电信部分省公司的协同物流建设应用。     

VMI在建筑供应链中的应用研究

建筑企业施工所需的大量建筑材料库存使得库存成本居高不下,不仅阻碍了企业资金的快速周转,还给企业经营带来巨大的风险和压力,文章从建筑供应链的角度出发,提出供应商管理库存模式,可以有效地降低建筑企业的库存成本,实现供应商与企业之间的战略共赢,从而提高建筑企业的综合竞争力。     

What it takes to implement and maintain successful supplier-managed inventory programs

Besieged by global competition and rapid technology changes, manufacturers subsequently have increased pressures on their suppliers to deliver product in less than traditional lead-times. In order to accomplish this goal, the proper selection of suppliers and inventory management programs is paramount. This article will focus on the selection of suppliers, what it takes to make the programs successful, and the most popular types of supplier-managed inventory programs in today's high-technology marketplace.     

某集团电力物流研究

企业物流成本的高低与企业的效益密切相关,文章结合当前的物流资源整合在降低物流成本、提高资源效率方面的优势,提出了通过整合资源实现物流作业活动改进以降低物流成本的思路,并且通过具体的案例对运输成本、库存成本、采购成本等进行比较计算,以说明通过有效的资源整合可以实现物流成本的降低。     

Nonlinear dynamical systems and inventory management

Surprisingly, deterministic time series can generate highly irregular, random-appearing trajectories. These deterministic time series result from nonlinear dynamical systems of differential or difference equations. The random appearance displayed by these systems is called nonlinear dynamical complexity. Properties of nonlinear complex systems include aperiodic random appearance, sensitive dependence on initial conditions and model parameters, and nonstationarity. Experiments involving the operation of simulated business environments and theoretical nonlinear dynamical models for inventory are reviewed to explore motivating factors that can give rise to demand with nonlinear complexities. The experimental and theoretical evidence reviewed indicates that nonlinear complexities in demand have significant implications for inventory management. Thus, researchers and practitioners in inventory management need to consider these properties when choosing inventory management methods. Characteristics of nonlinear dynamical systems and their implications for inventory management are presented in this paper. The use of the Brock, Dechert, and Scheinkman (1987) (BDS) test for nonlinear dependence is demonstrated on actual demand data.     

浅谈经济危机下中小企业的内部风险控制

当前金融危机仍在蔓延,并且已经导致了国内大批中小企业的倒闭,中小企业只有加快建立内部风险控制机制,才能不断提高自身的抗击金融危机冲击的能力,不断提升自身的竞争力。企业风险的形成主要有外部环境和内部风险因素构成。内部风险控制系统主要包括:市场风险控制,投资风险控制,存货风险控制,融资风险控制,资金回收风险控制和技术风险控制。这些系统的建立对中小企业尤其重要。市场风险控制包括市场营运能力,生产控制能力,技术创新能力。投资风险控制主要是指选好项目,做好评估和储备财力。不良存货风险预控,存货价格风险预控,存货规模风险预控则是构成存货风险控制的主要部分。融资风险控制包括完善自身治理能力,增强银行融资能力;创造条件争取从社会募资;处理好中长期贷款的结构;多利用商业信用和折扣等。资金回收风险控制主要关注客户档案的建立管理和信用的管理。技术风险的控制主要通过一是参与科技保险或项目保险,二是在技术创新项目中吸收技术风险投资,使技术风险的损失得到合理分摊。中小企业只有通过不断完善对自己内部风险的管理控制,全面提升风险应对能力,就能呈现出更强的活力。     

汽车供应物流追求“零库存”的策略研究

日本丰田公司创造的“零库存”理论已风靡全球,以其在供应物流环节极大的节约库存成本、解放积压资金的优点而被众多企业所推崇应用。汽车制造作为我国的一项支柱产业。因行业独特的配件加工方式与生产模式．使企业实施“零库存”存在很大风险。文章正是针对这一特殊性,深入探讨研究。提出了我国汽车供应物流实施“零库存”的方法与策略。     

Restructuring materiel management functions: a method for prioritizing changes and reducing costs

The success of any manager depends highly on the ability to seize on opportunities that will achieve the organization's goals. Hospitals are currently searching for ways to reduce costs while maintaining or enhancing the quality of services. Quality services are increasingly being defined as those that are most responsive to customer needs. It is important, as hospital management restructures materiel systems or methods of operation for reduced costs, to focus on the user departments as the customers. The consolidation of materiel management activity should not be seen as a loss of control at the user department level. Instead it can be seen as a new way of providing service with higher quality. User departments should see concrete benefits on a weekly basis, including reduced time spent on materiel management functions; increased planning of purchasing, inventory, and distribution functions; and assistance in meeting restricted supply budgets.     

Managing unofficial inventory: a piece of the materiel management foundation

The implementation plan will remain the same: target an area of opportunity, measure and document the amount and value of the unofficial inventory, establish PAR levels, implement the use of hand-held terminals to assist in inventory control, and integrate inventory control with the implementation of new programs that will impact ordering, receiving, distribution, and invoicing. It is anticipated that the inventory in the main OR alone can be reduced by $1.5 million if we move forward with a stockless JIT system. This would reduce the days of inventory on hand from approximately 100 days to between 7 and 14 days. This could also mean a holding cost reduction of $150,000. The merit of reducing unofficial inventory is evident. Managing unofficial inventory is merely one piece of the successful materiel management foundation. The other foundation pieces include contract compliance and price negotiations, systematic methods of ordering products, and timely distribution of products to the end user. PHS cannot effectively move forward to a new, innovative materiel system for the future until we first measure, analyze, and document the present conditions. Once the foundation is laid by improving present business practices, then the framework of the structure can be designed and constructed. The goal is to implement a system that utilizes the full potential of people, equipment, logistics, and information so that our customers, the patient caretakers, do not have to worry about anything except the delivery of quality care.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

一种新的汽车玻璃生产线在制品库存控制的多项式算法

汽车玻璃加工生产线需要加工不同类型的玻璃。这样,汽车玻璃预处理生产线需经常从加工一种类型的玻璃切换到加工另一种类型的玻璃。由于其切换时间较长,为了保证其下游工序可连续生产,往往需预留大量库存。为了减少库存,本文分析了汽车玻璃生产线的运行过程,并提出了新的多项式算法调度汽车玻璃预处理生产线。证明了通过该算法调度预处理生产线,使得预处理生产线的后续工序可连续生产,得到所需最小的预处理生产和压弯成型工序平均中间库存。最后,实例验证了本文提出的方法的有效性。     

What inventories tell us about aggregate fluctuations—A tractable approach to (S,s) policies

We estimate a DSGE model with (S,s) inventory policies. We find that (i) taking inventories into account can significantly improve the empirical fit of DSGE models in matching the standard business-cycle moments (in addition to explaining inventory fluctuations); (ii) (S,s) inventory policies can significantly amplify aggregate output fluctuations, in contrast to the findings of the recent general-equilibrium inventory literature; and (iii) aggregate demand shocks become more important than technology shocks in explaining the business cycle once inventories are incorporated into the model. An independent contribution of our paper is that we develop a solution method for analytically solving (S,s) inventory policies in general equilibrium models with heterogeneous firms and a large aggregate state space, and we illustrate how standard log-linearization methods can be used to solve various versions of our inventory model, generate impulse response functions, and estimate the model׳s deep structural parameters.     

JIT与库存管理

JIT是一种先进的管理方式,它可以大大降低库存,提高企业的经济效益。零库存概念的真正含义,并不是库存为零,而是指没有多余的库存;或者说,一切库存都是在按照计划流动。     

基于数据包络分析的汽车行业库存绩效评价研究--以某汽车公司为例

文中利用DEA模型方法,结合某汽车公司汽车零部件库存数据对企业的库存控制绩效进行评价研究。研究证明,某汽车公司库存管理中高投入低产出现象较明显,库存控制效率水平较低。企业应该减少安全库存持有量,降低仓储成本,提高库存资金周转率。对于汽车行业这种大型生产企业来,应该创立新的库存管理方式---虚拟联合库存管理,提高企业库存控制效率。